축산분뇨중의 암모니아성 질소 제거

진양오,최성우,김성우,김익성,신남철,박승조 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1999 硏究報告 Vol.22 No.2

The purpose of thus study were to investigate the proper conditions of struvite formation in synthetic wastewater and then to apply these conditions to effluent of anaerobic digester of livestock wastewater The conditions of struvite formation had been studied by many researchers. But a little conditions were different among them. Especially, according to suspended solid variation in livestock wastewater was investigated by few researchers. In experiment of synthetic wastewater, the proper conditions of struvite formation were pH 105, l50rpm of mixing rate, 10 minutes of reaction time, and 20 minutes of precipitation time. At same time, the ammonia nitrogen removal rates were about 99.7%, 95.5%, and 96% of synthetic wastewater, raw wastewater, and effluent of anaerobic digester of livestock wastewater at molar ratio of 2(Mg):l(N)2(P) respectively. The larger factor of NH₄/SS constant was, the more effective the removal rate of ammonium nitrogen, SS was, but the less effective COD_(cr), and TOC was. By using XRD analysis, the most certain compound in precipitate of synthetic wastewater was struvite.

대식세포의 Pro-inflammatory cytokine 생산에 대한 세포디짐의 효과

주성수,강희철,원태준,황광우,이도익 중앙대학교 약학연구소 2003 약학 논총 Vol.17 No.-

Cefodizime, a third cephalosporine, was originally developed for use in infectious disease as an advanced antibiotics. Cefodizime has also been known to play a meaningful role in activating natural killer properties of immune cells as well as enhancing immunological parameters such as phagocytosis. Furthermore, as the infection can result in remarkable changes for homeostatic mediators, it is expected that cefodizime may initiate the strong immuno- modualtory effect. In the present work, we investigated whether cefodizime has a biphasic effect of anti-bacteria and immunomodulation via macrophage. For the study, we isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages and treated with cefodizime 10㎍/㎖, 50㎍/㎖, 100㎍/㎖, IFN-v 10U/㎖.+LPS l㎍/㎖ Cells were then incubated for 4, 8, 12, and 24hrs to analysis the expression of IL-1, IL-6, IL-12 mRNA from macrophages. The results showed that cytokines were expressed more than that of control in a time-dependent manner and 100㎍/㎖ cefodizime group showed the greatest expression as much as the positive control (IFN-v+LPS)showed at 24h. In conclusion, cefodizime can play a significant role for the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-12 in earlier stage so that macrophages and other immune cells can response to the infectious substances, immediately. Moreover, when such pro-inflammatory cytokines are increased, we can also expect that the enhancement of cell-cell interaction of NK cell, CTL and B cell by cefodizime can affect the immunomodulatory effect along with its major role in anti-bacterial effect.

Streaming SIMD Extension(SSE)에 적합한 영상 압축 방식에 대한 연구

배현성,정익주 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2003 정보통신논문지 Vol.7 No.-

The objective of this paper is to present the new FourCC to use the power of general CPU, to the highest degree, supporting SIMD that is being used the most. This is the form that can be applied to all the picture processing compressed by block. The most ideal form is that the used data is in cache memories of CPU. But the video needs very big memories, so there is little probabilily that the data is in the cache memories. If FourCC suggested in this paper is used, there is always the data in the cache memories. Also, it means that this form can receive profits very much in terms of speed. This paper has simulation using DCT-based vision compression that is the most typical form coding based on block segmentation. We can recognize that the speed improves through this simulation.

未婚女性의 家族計劃에 對한 知識및 態度에 關한 調査 : 濟州道內 大學生을 中心으로

吳益成 제주한라대학 1976 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

This survey was investigated for the knowledge and the attitude of family planning as the object of 266 unmarried college female students the questionaire, from september 1, 1976 to October 25, 1976, living in district of Jeju city. The conclusion was obtained as follows: (1) Of these objects, Catholic 27.8%, Christian 22.2%, Buddhist 19.2%, and no religion 30.8% were shown. Reading newspapers 57.9%, Reading Women's magazine 45.1%, Radio listner 67.7%, and Watching T. V. 65.4% were shown. (2) The percentage of those with 5 siblings was 28.9% (it took the most part), with 4~6 siblings 19.2%, with 3 siblings 12.4%, and the average of siblings was 4.8 numbers. (3) About 50.4% felt that they had a desirable number of siblings, 44.0% felt they had too many, 5.6% felt they had too few. of these with 1~3 siblings, approximately 4/5 felt they had a desirable number, 3/5 of 4~5 siblings felt they had a desirable number, 4/5 of 6~7 siblings they had too many. (4) The 51.9% of the respondents felt that the ideal number of siblings was 3, 26.3% felt the ideal number was 2, 17.0% felt the ideal number was 4, and only 2.3% felt the ideal number was 6. Without regard to their present family situation, they thought that the ideal number of siblings was 3. (5) About 67.7% of those felt it necessary to have brothers, 20.7% of those felt that brothers were absolutely necessary, 11.6% had no concern with it, and 79.2% of those with 6~7 siblings felt brothers were essential. (6) The ideal number of offspring was felt to be 3 (2 boys and 1 girl) by 49.2%, 2 (1 boy and 1 girl) by 33.8%, and 5 (3 boys and 2 girls) by only 2.3%, an overall average ideal number of children was 2.9. This was a tendency for those with small number of siblings to be satisfied with fewer children. (7) It was felt by 57.9% that the ideal marriage age is 24-25 years old, 35,7% felt to be above 25. Irrespective of their present age, most respondent prepared later rather than earlier marriges, and the average age of marriage which they wanted was 24.9 years old. (8) Without regard to the age distribution, about 1.5% had never heard about family planning, and 51.7% learned of family planning through mass media, 15.5% at school, and 11.6% from friend. Exposure to family planning information averaged 1.6 per person. (9) The 87.6% had knowledge of some method of contraception, while 12.4% had no knowledge of any means. The older they were, the higher they had knowledge. 23.0% expressed knowledge of Loop, Condom 22.4%, Vasectomy 20.0%, while Oralpill and Rhythm was generally not felt to be reliable system and only few knew it. (10) 87.0% understood the purpose of the nationalwide family planning campaign and the necessity for its sucess. As all of them had the educational level of above high school graduation, they understood about family planning well. (11) About 88.7% were in favor of family planning, 5.3% were against ; and 6.0% had no opinion. It is felt that a significant percentage will reflect approving opinions with increased naturity.

6·13 지방선거에 대한 유권자 의식과 평가 : 대구·경산지역의 설문조사를 중심으로

박성만,장성익,정진홍,권윤희 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 2002 社會科學硏究 Vol.10 No.1

이번 민선3기 지방선거는 여느 때와 달리 월드컵이라는 국제행사와 맞물려 유권자들의 투표율이 50%미만으로 관심이 매우 저조하였고, 지방선거에 대한 비관론이 대두되고 있는 가운데 바람직한 선거문화정착과 바람직한 후보자를 결정하는 것은 지방자치발전의 중요한 과제라 할 수 있다. 이러한 의미에서 본 연구는 6.13지방선거에 대한 유권자들의 의식을 평가하고 향후 지방선거의 발전성향을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 이해 본 연구는 이번 2002년 6월 13일 실시된 지방선거에 관한 유권자들의 의식을 질문지를 통해 조사하고 분석하였다. 분석결과 이번 6.13 지방선거에 대한 유권자들의 의식은 전체적으로 지방정치와 지방선거 관심이 저조한 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 원인은 여러 가지로 분석할 수 있으나 유권자의 무관심과 후보자들의 자질, 여러 가지 상황적 변수들이 복합적으로 나타난 결과라 할 수 있다. 유권자들의 선거에 대한 태도는 과거 여느때 보다 소극적이었으며, 결정시기와 결정방법에 있어서도 적극적인 참여가 부족하였다. 또한 6.13지방선거에서의 전체적인 유권자의 만족도는 낮게 나타났으며, 선거의 공정성, 주민참여정도, 법규준수정도, 관건개입정도는 지난 지방선거과 비교하여 낮거나 보통인 것으로 나타났다. 이는 지방선거에 대한 중요성을 일반 유권자들이 인식하지 못하고 있는 것으로 생각된다. 또한 지방선거에서의 문제점의 하나로 드러난 월드컵이라는 국제적 행사와 겹쳐 선거의 소홀로 나타난 지방정치에 대한 무관심은 앞으로 선거일정을 조정하는데 하나의 시준점을 삼아야 할 것이다.

대전지역 공동주택의 급수설비현황과 개선방안에 대한 조사연구 : 급수설비 시스템을 중심으로 In case of Plumbing system

어성욱,박승익,박상진 우송대학교 1997 우송대학교 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

Recently, many peoples have been concerned about the drinking water as the quality of life improves and the interest in health grows. One of the complaints in apartments is the water quality. Therefore, this study is to investigate the corroison state of galvanized steel pipe that is used for drinking water and the extra city water facilities those are basement storage tank, high thnk, pumping system, piping system etc. In this paper 227 apartment complexes (those were constructed before'1990 in Taejon) are selected and then the following survey procedures are executed. 1) 1st questionnaire investigation : The problems of pumping system, equipments, managing and using. 2) 2nd investigation : Water rate and water pressure in individual household. Management state and superannuation of piping, storage tank, pumping and piping systems. 3) 3rd investigation : Corroison rate and corrison product of pipe. Clogging rate of pipe. As a results, 60% of surveyed households are drinking the city water and 66% of highest floor households are complaining the lack of water rate and water pressure, 50% of complexes are unsuitable shape of storage tanks. Corroison rates of pipe are not proportioned to the age of use. The more carbon components of pipe increase the more corroison grows.

감각통합교육이 자폐성 아동의 사회적 행동 및 긍정적 정서발달에 미치는 효과

이봉익,김성인 국립특수교육원 1999 특수교육연구 Vol.6 No.-

이 연구는 감각통합교육이 자폐성 아동의 사회적 행동 및 긍정적 정서 발달에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 구명하는 것이다. 대상 아동은 자폐성 아동 14명으로 실험집단 7명과 비교집단 7명으로 나누어 표집하였다. 적용도구는 전정감각, 촉각, 고유감각을 중심으로 구안된 감각통합교육 프로그램이며 검증도구는 사회적 행동 및 긍정적 정서 발달 평정척도로 동일집단 사전·사후결과를 t 검증으로 처리하여 두 집단을 비교 분석하였다. 프로그램 적용기간은 1999년 4월 21일부터 9월 20일까지이다. 실험집단에게 매주 10시간씩 적용하고 3주마다 모든 프로그램을 1번씩 적용하여 12주 동안 모든 프로그램을 4회씩 투입한 후 사회적 행동 및 긍정적 정서 발달을 검증하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 첫째, 감각통합교육 프로그램은 일반교과 프로그램보다 자폐성 아동의 사회적 행동 향상에서 더 많은 유의한 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 긍정적 정서 발달에서는 더 많은 유의한 차이를 나타내지 못했다. The purpose of this study is to investigate what the sensory integrated education has an effect on development of Social Behaviors and Positively Emotional for autistic children. And children of subject are 14 autistic children and were divided into two groups of the case group of 7 children and the control group of 7 children. The applied tool is a sense integrated education program designed with vestibular sense, tactual sense and indigenous sense. The prior and post results of the same group were processed by t-test as evaluation standard of Social Behaviors and Positively Emotional development then we compared and analyzed both groups. The period of applied program was from Apr. 21 to Sept. 20, 1999. In case of the case group, it was applied by 10 hours per week and all programs were applied by once per 3 weeks. And all programs were applied by 4 times during 12 weeks then we tested Social Behaviors and Positively Emotional development. The results of this study are as follows; first, the sensory integrated education program was the further statistically significant than general instruction program in development of Social Behaviors of autistic children; second, the sensory integrated education program was not the further statistically significant than general instruction program in development of Positive Emotional of autistic children.

정신분열증 환자에 있어서 비관척도의 인자분석 연구

왕성근,지익성 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1987 충남의대잡지 Vol.14 No.2

To investigate the components of the hopelessness in schizophrenia, the authors applied the korean version of Beck's the Hopeless Scale on the 57 schizophrenic patients, and tried factor analysis using SPSS/PC+based on the scores of each items. The results of factor analysis were summarised as following 5 factors : Factor 1 was lack of confidence factor, factor 2 was despair factor, factor 3 was frustration factor, factor 4 was worthlessness factor and factor 5 was negative view factor. These results were thought to be as the concentration of the hopelessness in schizophrenia.

퇴행성 슬관절염 환자 평가 설문도구의 내적 신뢰도, 상관성에 관한 연구

류성룡,안경애,서병관,강중원,이상훈,이재동,최도영,김건식,이두익,이윤호 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objective : The aim of this study is to evaluate internal reliability and correlation among assessment instruments of knee OA. Methods : Data were obtained from 85 patients with knee OA. They were asked to answer VAS pain scale, two disease-specific questionnaires (WOMAC and LFI) and one instrument about health-related quality(KHAQ). Reliability was assessed using cronbach's alpha. Correlation was assessed by examining the pearson's correlation coefficients. Results : Cronbach's alpha of all Index except WOMAC stiffness subscale(.6679) exceeded the value of 0.70. A good correlation was obtained between WOMAC Subscale (especially Pain Subscale) and LFI (.726<cronbach's alpha<.791). Also, Correlation between KHAQ and two disease-specific questionnaires (WOMAC and LFI) was good(.612<cronbach's alpha<.662). Conclusions : All used instruments have good internal reliability. also, There are good correlation among them. The treatment of knee OA must be focused on health related quality. For this, we should use proper assessment instruments.

國民學校 敎師의 學校 保健敎育에 關한 態度硏究

吳益成 제주한라대학 1975 論文集 Vol.1 No.-

A survey on attitude of teachers in relation with School Health Education was carried out by the author from Dec. 1, 1974 to Aug. 30, 1975 towards 422 teachers of 30 primary schools which are selected from area of Jeju province. The following results were devised from the study : 1) As to distribution of sex and age, the highest rates were seen in the age group 20-30 in both male and female (M:42.6%, F:57.1%). 2) The longest years of teaching career is 1-5 years in both male and female (M:31.3% F:39.7%) 3) By school career, normal school graduates ranked highest in both male and female (M:44.0%, F:37.7%). 4) Regarding the marriage, 74.3% of male, and 81.8% of female are married. 5) As to past experiences of having lectures on health, 39.6% were taught in the past and among them 26.7% were taught in the school. 6) 18.5% expressed that their health lecture received were helpful for their teaching career 7) As to the necessity of health teaching, 73.2% expressed the strong need of health teaching in the school. 8) 64.7% stated that they are teaching more health education than before. 9) 54.8% expressed their deep concern to health of school children. 10) 62.6% among teachers are seeing and listening through mass media when the interesting topics are presented. 11) 91.2% stated that the responsibility for children' s health control is placed upon teachers. 12) 35.3% expressed that school nurse and nursing additional teacher are helpful. 13) Approximately half of teachers (67.8%)stated that annual health examination is slightly helpful:and66.6% expressed that administration of authelmintics is many helpful. 14) For the present sources of health information, mass media ranked highest with 43.3%, and in the future "Book Reading" was highest with 65.6%. 15) 43.8% of teachers expressed that they are willing to do health education. 16) As to the relationship between school and health center 97.4% of teachers hoped for close relationship in the future.