우리나라의 축산분뇨 발생 및 처리 현황

전병관,나성주,김선화 동신대학교 환경연구소 2004 환경연구 Vol.9 No.1

우리나라에서 사육되는 주요 가축들을 대상으로 하여 2000년부터 2003년까지 4년 동안 주요통계자료를 바탕으로 가축의 사육 두수와 배출량, 처리시설 현황 등을 분석한 결과 축산분뇨 발생은 대부분의 가축에서 2002년 이후 소폭 증가하였다. 2003년 기준으로 우리나라의 축산분뇨 공공처리 시설은 47개소이며 자원화가 가능한 처리시설은 20개소로써 이는 전체 처리시설의 42.6%밖에 되지 않는 실정이다. 따라서 자원화를 위한 신규 공공처리시설의 확충이나 기존 공공처리시설의 보강이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 개별 축산시설의 경우 신규축산 농가와 사육두수를 늘리는 축산농가에 대해서는 반드시 분뇨분리 시설을 설치하도록 유도함으로써 점차적으로 분뇨분리 형태의 축사시설을 정착화 시켜야하며, 지역현황이 고려된 적정 축산두수의 유지와 소규모 축산농가들의 계획된 축산단지로 이전 또는 공동시설화해야 할 것이다. After, based on the major statistical data from year 2000 to 2003, the number of domestic livestock-breeding, the status of treatment plants, and the amount of livestock's waste generation had been analyzed, the amount of livestock's excretions generated were increased within narrow limits. At the basic year of 2003, the public treatment plant of livestock's excretions in Korea were 47 places and among them, only 20 plants(42.6%) could make excretions into resources. Therefore, an expansion of new public treatment plants and reinforcement of the existing plants must be needed. At the individual breeding facility, new stock farmhouse and farmhouse who expands the number of livestock must be induced to set up the livestock's waste treatment plant. Hence, gradationally, livestock's waste treatment plants should be installed widely, and the proper number of the livestock should be maintained under the considered status of an area. Also, Small scale stock farmhouses should move to planned complex and collaborate.

기체 분위기에 따른 GaN 에피층의 열처리 효과

우시관,박성은,오병성 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.28 No.2

The changes due to the annealing in the electrical and optical characteristics of GaN epilayers have been investigated. The annealing was performed in hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia gas environment. X-ray diffraction, Hall effect and photoluminescence measurement showed that the characteritics were unproved after the annealing ammonia gas. It is attributed to the reduction of N vacancy in the epilayer by the thermal dissociation of ammonia gas.

마우스 골수세포 배양시 Prostaglandin E_2가 파골세포-유사세포 생성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

고성희,김관식,정동균 대한구강생물학회 1990 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.14 No.2

Osteoclasts are primary cells responsible for bone resorption. It has been reported that osteoclasts are formed by fusion of mononuclear precursors derived from hematopoietic progenitor cells. Prostaglandin E_2(PGE_2) is known to be a potent bone resorbing agent, but its mechanisms are not known. This experiment was performed to study the effect of PGE_2 and calcitonin on the generation of osteoclasts from their precursor cells. The bone marrow cells were prepared from 7 to 9 week-old male mice. The femur and tibia were dissected aseptically and the marrow cavity was flushed with 1ml α-minimum essential medium by slow injection. The collected marrow cells were cultured at 1.5∼2.0×10^6 cells/well in 24-well plate for 5, 8 and 11 days. In experimental group, PGE_2(10^-5,10^-6,10^-7,10^-8M) and calcitonin(5, 30, 90ng/ml) were added. After cultures, staining for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRACP)-marker enzyme of osteoclast-was performed according to the modified method of Burstone. The TRACP-positive multinucleated cells, which have 3 or more nuclei were counted, The observed results were as follows. 1. In control group, TRACP-positive mononuclear cells were present, but no TRACP-positive multinucleated cells appeared. 2. In 8 days of culture, PGE_2 increased significantly the number of osteoclast-like cells in a dose-dependent manner in the mouse marrow cell cultures. 3. In 5, 8 and 11 days of culture with PGE_2(10^-6M), the number of osteoclast-like cells was increased up to 8 day and decreased thereafter. 4. In 8 days of culture, calcitonin decreased significantly the number of osteoclast-like cells induced by PGE_2(10^-6M) in a dose-dependent manner.

IMT-2000 위성통신 시스템에서 폐쇄루프 전송 다이버시티 기법의 성능 분석

오관명,김학성,김산해,이경규,이원철,신요안 崇實大學校 2000 論文集 Vol.30 No.1

In this paper, we apply a close loop transmit diversity scheme to IMT-2000 satellite systems, and investigate the performance of the scheme in both ideal and more realistic situations. We verify that the performance of the closed loop transmit diversity scheme is quite sensitive to errors in feedback information. However, we also show that the number of quantization bits for feedback information does not significantly affect the system performance when considering the feedback of phase information only. In addition, 2-bit quantized system achieves the better performance than 4-bit quantized system in terms of slot error rate.

인터넷 기반형 물류관리 시스템

양성민,김명관 경성대학교 공학기술연구소 1998 공학기술연구지 Vol.5 No.-

The purpose of this study is to develop an internet based physical distribution management system for electronic commerce. It includes an internet shopping mall which has multi-supply centers and a decision agent. And, it has supporting systems such as a mailing system, a bulletin board system, etc. for inter-communication with customers. Appling this system, it is expected that not only the administrator could operate physical distribution efficiently but also customers could do their better shopping via internet.

케쥬얼웨어 소비자의 라이프스타일 유형별 구매행동 특성에 관한 연구

김성환,김봉관,윤보석 東亞大學校 經營問題硏究所 1992 經營論叢 Vol.13 No.-

탄광부진폐증자의 폐기능 장해에 따른 사망율 연구

이경용,강성규,이관형,정호근 大韓産業醫學會 1991 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.3 No.2

The Purpose of this study was to investigate the mortality rates and survival curves of coal workers' pneumoconiosis(CWP) in hospitalization by respiratory impairment. Study subject were composed of 738 patients entered the cohort differently. Author used health record survey in collecting respiratory impairment data at admission, and survival data. There were three factors in pumonary function test items especially pulmonary ventilation test. Factor 1 were composed of vital capacity(VC), vital capacity percent to predicted value(VC%), forced vital capacity(FVC), forced vital capacity percent to predicted value(FVC%), maximum voluntary vetilation(MVV), forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1), And factor 2 were composed of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity expressed as percent(FEV1%), maximum mid-expiratory flow(MMF), peak expiratory flow rate(REFR), And factor 3 was composed of tidal volume(TV). There was difference in survival curves of CWP by respiratory impairment measured by FEV1%, controlled by age. But there were no differences in survival curves of CWP by respiratory impairment measured by VC%, TV, controlled by age. And there was no differences in survival curve of CWP by respiratory impairment type measured by VC% and FEV1%, controlled by age. Authors found that difference in survival curve of CWP was depended upon measuring items of pulmonary function test.

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor가 백서두개관 세포군의 증식 및 교원합성에 미치는 영향

김기수,고성희,백정화,민병무,김관식,정동균 대한구강생물학회 1991 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.15 No.2

To study the effect of platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) on the replication and collagen synthesis of rat calvarial cells, five bone cell populations(I-V) were prepared from fetal rat calvaria by sequential enzyme digestion. After primary culture for 6-7 days, each bone cell population was collected and then population Ⅰ and Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were pooled together. And the cells were resuspended at 6-8×10^4 cells/㎝^2 and cultured for 2-3 days. The medium was changed to serum-free medium prior to addition of growth factor. The effect of PDGF on the cell proliferation was measured by the incorporation of [^3H]thymidine into DNA. Protein synthesis was determined by measurement of [^3H]proline incorporation into collagenase-digestible protein(CDP) and noncollagenous protein(NCP) according to the method of Peterkofsky and Die-gelmann(1971). The observed results were as follows. 1. PDGF at 10 ng/㎖ significantly increased the [^3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA in all bone cell populations. 2. PDGF at 30 ng/㎖ significantly increased the synthesis of NCP in population Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅳ, Ⅴ. 3. PDGF had no effect on the synthesis of CDP but percent collagen synthesis was decreased significantly in population Ⅳ, Ⅴ. Taken together, the increase of protein synthesis by PDGF in rat calvarial cells was due to the incraese of NCP synthesis.

cAMP 농도에 영향을 미치는 수종약물이 파골세포형성에 미치는 영향

소영,고성희,백정화,김관식,정동균 대한구강생물학회 1992 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.16 No.2

To study the effect of cAMP on the generation of osteoclasts from their precursor cells, the bone marrow cells were isolated from 7 to 9 week-old male mice. The femur and tibia were dissected aseptically and the marrow cavity was flushed with 1 ㎖ of α-minimum essential medium by slow injection. Collected marrow cells were cultured at 1.5-2.0×10^6 cells/well in 24-well plate for 8 days. In experimental group, PGE_2(5×10^-6, 10^-5M), forskolin(10^-5M) or IBMX(10^-4, 10^-5M) were added singly or in combination from the 1st day culture. After cultures, staining for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRACP)-marker enzyme of osteoclast-was performed according to the modified method of Burstone. The TRACP-positive multinucleated cells(MNC), which have 3 or more nuclei, were counted. The observed results were as follows. 1. In control group. TRACP-positive mononuclear cells were present, but no TRACP-positive multinucleated cells appeared. 2. PGE_2(5×10^-6M) or forskolin(10^-5M) significantly stimulated the formation of TRACP-positive MNC. Moreover, forskolin potentiated the TRACP-positive MNC formation induced by PGE_2 when added simultaneously. 3. IBMX(10^-4, 10^-5M), when added alone, significantly stimulated the formation of TRACP-positive MNC. However, IBMX(10^-5M) added in combination of PGE_2(10^-5M) partially inhibited the TRACP-positive MNC formation induced by PGE_2.

흰쥐 해마박편에서 콜린성 수용체와 glutamate 유리와의 상호관계에 관한 연구

신동인,김형룡,고성희,김관식,정동균 대한구강생물학회 1990 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.14 No.2

Present study was performed to clarify the effect of cholinergic agents on the release of glutamic acid employing hippocampal slices. Hippocampal slices(300∼400㎛ thick) were prepared by the method of Kim et al.(1988) and pre-equilibrated in Krebs-bicarbonate medium(KBM, pH 7.4) for 1hr at 37℃. Pre-equilibrated slices were incubated in fresh KBM and then potssium(50mM)-containing KBM for 5 min period. Basal and potassium-induced release of GABA and glutamic acid were determined from recovered medium by HPLC. After 30 min resting period, slices were reincubated in cholinergic agents-containing KBM and cholinergic agent plus potassium-containing medium consecutively for 5 min period each to investigate the effect of cholinergic agent on basal or potassium-induced glutamic acid release from hippocampal slices. The observed results were as follows: 1. The release of glutamic acid induced by the first and second 5 min-exposure of 50mM potassium was 139.7±14.05 nmol and 114.5±10.01 nmol, respectively. When compared with released amounts of glutamic acid during the corresponding spontaneous periods, these were 5.3 and 5.6-fold increase respectively. 2. Acetylcholine(10-1000μM) inhibited potassium-induced glutamic acid release in dose-dependent manner. 3. The inhibition of glutamic acid release caused by acetylcholine(1mM) was antagonized by atropine(50μM) but not by mecamylamine(50μM).