敎師期待와 學生期待가 學業成積에 미치는 效果

文善模,李東煥 경상대학교 1999 學生生活硏究所報 Vol.25 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of teacher expectancy and student expectancy on academic acievement. The hypotheses to be tested were stated as follows: 1) There will be a difference in academic achievement between high-and low-level teacher expectancy of student expectancy on intellectual competence of students or teacher. 2) There will be an interaction effect between levels of teacher expectancy and student expectancy on intellectual competence. 3) There will be a difference in academic achievement between high-and low-level teacher and student expectancy on affective attitudes of students or teacher. 4) There will be an interaction effect between levels of teacher expectancy or student expectancy on affective attitudes. 5) There will be a difference in academic achievement between high-and low-level teacher expectancy or student expectancy on overall behaviors including intellectual competence and affective attitudes. 6) There will bean interaction effect between levels of teacher expectancy and student expectancy on overall behaviors. The subjects of this study were 180 middle school students, and they were randomly assigned to 12 conditions according to high-and low-level of teacher expectancy and student expectancy: 1) high-high level, 2) high-low level, 3) low-high level, and 4) low-low level. The measuring instruments used for study were as follows: 1) Teacher Expectancy Test reconstructed by referring An Analysis Table of Solomon & Kandal and A List of Sears. 2) Student Expectancy Test constructed by referring An Index of Teacher Efficiency of Kim Ch'ung-Haeng. 3) Academic achievements of mathematics (March, April, and May). To test the hypothesesA 2 (teacher expectancy: high and low) ×2(student expectancy: high and low) ×(3) (academic achievements of mathematics: March, April, and May) ANOVA was applied. The main findings of the study were as follows: 1) Teacher expectancy on intellectual competence, affective attitudes and overall behaviors of students affects academic achievements of students. 2) Student expectancy on intellectual competence and overall behaviors of teacher affects academic achievements of students. 3) There were no significant interaction effect between teacher expectancy and student expectancy on intellectual competence, affective attitudes, and overall behaviors of students or teacher.

교재구조의 조직수준과 선행지식이 설명적 교재 처리에 미치는 상호작용효과

문선모,황흔귀 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2007 교육과학연구 Vol.38 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction effect of organization level of text structure and prior knowledge on expository text processing. In this study organization level of text structure was treated by signaling technique. That is, two text version were revised in original expository text titled by “The mystery of the red tides”. In the high level version, underlined headings, numbering, and logical connectives were inserted into the original text. On the other hand, such signals were not in the low level version. And prior knowledge was measured by word association test. Main hypothesis was “compensatory hypothesis” called interaction effect of organization level of text structure and level of prior knowledge. That is, it was predicted that knowledge would compensate for the absence of text structure and text structure would compensate for the absence of prior knowledge. Subjects of this study were 80 students randomly selected in the second grade of a middle school. They were randomly assigned to four experimental conditions. The stimulus material was 186words expository text with description text structure on “The mystery of the red tides”. A mixed, between-subjects, within-subjects, design was used. Two between-subjects factors were two organization levels of text structure (highㆍlow) and two levels of prior knowledge about the text (highㆍlow). One within-subjects factor was testing time (immediateㆍone week- delayed). The criterion variables were scores of main points recall and main ideas comprehension.Main findings of the study were as follows: (1) Organization level of text structure improved main points recall and main ideas comprehension. And signals such as underlined headings, numbering, and logical connectives worked as retrieval cues for main points recall. (2) Level of prior knowledge improved main points recall and main ideas comprehension. That is, activation of prior knowledge facilitated text processing. (3) Organization level of text structure and level of prior knowledge showed significant interaction effects on main points recall and main ideas comprehension regardless of testing time. These results were discussed within the framework of the compensatory hypothesis. 본 연구는 중학교 2학년 학생들을 피험자로 하여 교재구조의 조직수준과 선행지식이 설명적 교재 처리에 미치는 상호작용효과를 실험·검증한 것이다. 교재구조의 조직수준은 개요 문장들, 밑줄친 표제, 논리적 연결구, 번호 매김 등의 신호법을 처치한 상위교재와 그런 신호법을 처치하지 않은 하위교재의 두 조건으로 처치되었다. 선행지식수준은 실험 교재자료의 주제에 대한 단어연상검사 결과로 상ㆍ하위수준으로 구분되었다. 본 실험은 피험자간, 피험자내 혼합설계로서 피험자간 요인은 교재구조의 조직수준(상ㆍ하)과 선행지식수준(상·하)이고, 피험자내 요인은 검사시기(직후˙1주 지연)이었다. 준거변인은 주요점 회상과 중심내용 파악이었다. 이상의 독립변인들의 주효과와 상호작용효과가 검증되었다. 그 결과 신호법을 처치한 교재구조의 조직수준 상위교재는 그런 처치를 하지 않은 하위교재보다 주요점 회상과 글 전체 및 단락들의 중심내용 파악을 촉진시켰다. 주제에 대한 평소의 선행지식 수준이 높은 학생이 낮은 학생보다 교재처리를 더 잘 하였다. 그리고 교재구조의 조직수준과 선행지식 간의 유의한 상호작용효과는 검사시기에 관계없이 나타남으로써 교재구조와 선행지식은 설명적 교재 처리에 상호보완적임을 알 수 있었다.

國際貿易法來에서의 信用狀去來 詐欺事作의 對處方案

南善模 韓國仲裁學會 2008 중재연구 Vol.18 No.2

A letter of credit transaction of the preexistence have been raising one's head fraud charge problem as a result of abusing the principles of independence and abstraction. Every society has certain rules and conventions which it regards as important and most of people in any society. The paper document means a document in a traditional paper form. The eUCP credit must specify the formats in which electronic records are to be presented. In these present times, the issuance of documentary credit are performed by the SWIFT(Society for Worldwide Inter bank Financial Telecommunication) system. The eUCP have been written to allow for presentation completely electronically or for a mixture of paper documents and electronic presentation. Presentation is deemed not to have been made if the Beneficiary's notice is not received. An electronic record that cannot be authenticated is deemed not to have been presented. The e-UCP is the supplement of current existing UCP but is superior to UCP under some circumstances. The document shall include an electronic record. The place for presentation of electronic records means an electronic address. The current e-UCP is not clear on this matter. We have to note followings in case of presenting the documents electronically and applying the e-UCP. There are three principles in the letter of credit transaction, that is to say, independence and abstraction, document dealing, strict compliance. IN the electronic letter of credit, these principles are called as independence and abstraction, electronic document dealing, strict compliance.

敎材構造가 敎材理解 및 記億에 미치는 效果의 分析

文善模 慶尙大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.23 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze effects of text structures on comprehension and memory of text as reflected in 25 articles of the Journal of Educational Psychology, 1870-1983. Criteria for analysis were (1) text structure variables, (2) other relevant independent variables except particular text structure of independent variables treated in experimental design, (3) dependent variables, and (4) effects of text structures on dependent variables. Major result derived from the study were followings; 1. Major text structure variables studied in 25 articles were logical structure, importance of idea, topical organization, contextual organization, signaling, concept name and concept attribute organization, rhetorical organization, surface structure, and scrambling. 2. Other relevant independent variables except particular text structure wrere treated mainly in terms of characteristics of text materials, conditions of learning and testing, and characteristics of subjects. 3. Dependent variables were treated mostly in terms of amount of recall, amount of recognition, organization of recall, errors of recall, and amount of reproduction. 4. Particular text structure influenced particular dependent variables significantly. But there were different effects of text structures according to task variations.

理解點檢方略이 敎材回想에 미치는 效果

文善模,黃永信 경상대학교 중등교육연구소 1994 현대교육연구 Vol.6 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of comprehension monitoring strategy on text recall. The hypotheses to be tested were as follows: (1)There will be a significant difference in recall scores of the idea units between types of comprehension monitoring strategy(main idea. detail idea. control). (2) There will be a significant difference in recall scores of the idea units between levels of verbal ability (high vs low). (3) There will be a significant interaction effect in recall scores of the idea units between types of comprehension monitoring strategy and levels of verbal ability. (4) There will be a significant interaction effect in recall scores of the idea units between types of comprehension monitoring strategy and levels of idea unit(high vs low). Subjects of this study 84 female high school students selected randomly on the basis of levels of verbal ability. And they were randomly assigned to experimental conditions. The stimulus material was expository text about Islram. It was consisted of three paragraphs and about 220 words. Each of the three paragraphs in text focused on a separate aspect of the main topic. The first paragraph dealt with the social class. the second with the economy, and the third with civilization. The middle paragraph was modified to contain inconsistent information at main idea or detail idea. To test the hypotheses. 3(types of comprehension monitoring strategy : main idea. detail idea. control) × 2(levels of verbal ability : high vs low) × (2)(levels of idea unit : high vs low) ANOVA was applied for recall scores of the idea units. The main findings of the study were as follows: (1) There was a significant main effect of types of comprehension monitoring strategy on recall scores of the idea units. Main idea comprehension monitoring strategy and detail idea comprehension monitoring strategy had more facilitative effect than control condition. (2) There was a significant main effect of levels of verbal ability on recall scores of the idea units. That is. higher verbal ability condition had more facilitative effect than lower verbal ability condition. (3) There was no significant interaction effect between types of comprehension monitoring strategy and levels of verbal ability on recall scores of idea units. (4) There was a significant interaction effect between types of comprehension monitoring strategy and levels of idea units on recall scores of the idea units,

人間關係訓練 集團相談의 效果에 關한 一硏究

文善模 慶尙大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of human relations training of university students. The subjects were 21 male freshmen in social science at Gyeong Sang National University. The Ss were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) human relations training group which had basic communication skill training for nine weekly 2-hour sessions with nine members; (2) discussion group which discussed general problems in everyday life for same session with six members; (3) control group which had only the pre-and posttesting experience with six members. Assessment was based on (1) Relationship Change Scale, administered at preteatment and posttreatment to three groups, and (2) self-report, administered at posttreatment to human relations training group only. Following results were derived from the study. 1. Human relations training group demonstrated improvement in communication, sensitivity, openness, understanding, and overall human relations at posttreatment. 2. Discussion group showed improvement in understanding at posttreatment. 3. Human relations training group demonstrated more improvement in satisfaction, communication, openness, understanding and overall human relations than control group. 4. Human relations training group showed more improvement in communication and openness that discussion group. 5. discussion group demonstrated more improvement in satisfaction, trust, and overall human relations than control group.

비행청소년과 일반청소년의 식생활 비교 연구

박선주,최혜미,모수미,박명윤 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

The relationship between dietary practices and juvenile delinquency was studied using a dietary survey. Subjects were selected from juvenile delinquents who were under the supervision of the Seoul probation Office of the Ministry of justice. The study group consisted of 52 male and 52 female delinquents. As a control group, 104 exemplary high school students were selected in Seoul. A questionnaire was designed to find out the subjects' general characteristics, dietary habits, lifestyle, eating behavior, food frequency, and nutrient intake using the 24-hour recall method. Compared to the exemplary students, the juvenile delinquents were significantly different in education level, family status, monthly allowance, residence status, breast fed, parents' education level, parents' concern. In dietary habits, fifty-eight percent of the juvenile delinquents ate 2 or fewer meals per day, preferred to eat with friends, and liked hot tasting foods. The juvenile delinquents consumed more ion drinks (OR = 9.26 CI: 3.83 - 22.37), rameon (OR = 7.67 CI: 3.21 - 18.33), cola (OR = 6.75 CI: 2.91 - 15.69), soft drinks (OR = 6.12 CI: 2.53 - 14.81), steamed korean sausage (OR = 5.34 CI:2.31 - 12.32), hamburger (OR = 5.15 CI: 1.91 - 13.87), kimbab (OR = 3.63 CI: 1.76 - 7.46), ddokbokgi (OR = 3.17 CI: 1.58 - 6.38), candy (OR = 3.08 CI: 1.41 - 6.73), white rice (OR = 2.59 CI: 1.19 - 5.64), hotdog (OR = 2.52 CI: 1.31 - 4.86), and less rice mixed with grains (OR = 0.02 CI: 0.01 - 0.05), tangerine (OR = 0.06 CI: 0.02 - 0.20), milk (OR = 0.29 CI: 0.14 - 0.60), roasted fish (OR = 0.32 CI: 0.28 - 0.99, anchovy (OR = 0.35 CI: 0.17 - 0.72), seaweed (OR = 0.37 CI: 0.16 - 0.83), and tofu (OR = 0.48 CI: 0.23 - 0.99) than the exemplary students. With respect to the juvenile delinquents, the nutrient intakes lower than 75% of the Korean RDA were for riboflavin (75.0%) and calcium (47.9%) among the boys, and calcium (46.9%) and iron (60.4%) among the girls. To prevent juvenile delinquency, nutritional education and well-balanced school food service meals should be emphasized so as to improve the management of dietary practices.

Dextran-based Hydrogel의 제조 및 특성에 관한 연구

조정모,노선균,강춘형 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2001 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

Due to their sensitivity to external condition, adjustable permeability and high water content, hydrogels have widespread applications in medical, pharmaceutical, biochemical and other industrial fields. In this work, the dextran-based hydrogel was prepared by derivatization of polysaccharide with methacryloyl groups followed by polymerization of an aqueous solution of this methacrylated dextral(dex-MA) in presence of an initiator system consisting of potassium peroxydisulfate(KPS ) and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylene diamine(TEMED). The hydrogel and dex-MA thus prepared were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and gel permeation chromatography(GPC). Degrees of substitution of MA groups in the glucopyranosyl ring(DS) estimated from peak intensities in 1H NMR spectra were found to be comparable with the prescribed values. Furthermore, the liquid-liquid equilibrium(LLE) phase diagrams of dex-MA/poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)/water systems at 25℃ were experimentally determined for several dex-MAs of different DS. Finally, the swelling behavior of the hydrogels prepared with dex-MA of different DS was characterized by means of the blue-dex solution method as well as the gravimetric method.

7분 선별검사(7 Minute Screen Test) 각 하위 척도의 임상적 유용성

구형모,김지혜,고선규,고혜정,이형석,김상윤,김도관 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.2

Objectives : We aimed to provide standard data of the individual tests in 7MS that could generalized for Korean elderly accor-ding to age and education. We also evaluated diagnostic efFicacy of each test in 7MS. Methods : Data on demographic characteristics of 311 normals were gathered for comparison. We also assessed two differences between normal and dementia group in individual tests of 7MS. Results : All individual tests of 7MS showed significant differences in sex, age, and education, except for ECR. But there were no significant differences in sex controlling age and education. As a result of ROC curve, the ability of the ECR test to discriminate between AD and normal subject appeared superior. The scores of the individual tests of 7MS among CDR 0.5 and 1 group and normal group were compared. It was also found that the ECR test stands out among 7MS tests. Conclusion : The 7MS, Particularly ECR, had the highest sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of AD as well as early de-mentia. It suggests that the individual tests of 7MS are useful to predict early dementia, without using the complex logistic re-gression equation.

비소세포 폐암 환자의 이차 치료로서 Gemcitabine과 Vinorelbine 혼합 요법의 효과

장필순,강현모,이정은,권선중,안진영,이연선,정성수,김주옥,김선영 충남대학교 암연구소 2006 암연구소 업적집 Vol.5 No.-

Background : Both gemcitabine and vinorelbine are effective anticancer drugs with mild toxicity on non-small cell lung cancer, and monotherapy of these drugs are effective as a second-line chemotherapy. The aim of this trial was to assess the response and toxicity of a combination of gemcitabine and vinorelbine in patients of previously treated for non-small cell lung cancer. Materials and Methods : 24 patients, initial stage III A/B,IV and previously treated with platinium and taxane based regimens, were enrolled from June 2000 to March 2004. The regimens consisted of vinorelbine 25mg/㎡ followed by an infusion of gemcitabine 1000mg/㎡ on day 1 and day 8 every three weeks. This course was repeated more than twice. Results : Twenty-four patients were analyzed for the response, survival rate, and toxicities. The overall response was 17% with a complete remission rate of 4%. The median time-to progression (TTP) was 3.1 months (95%, CI l-10months), and the survival time was 8.2 months (95%, CI 1-23 months). The grade 3/4 toxicities encountered were neutropenia (12.5%), anemia (0%), thrombocytopenia (0%). Non-hematological 3/4 toxicities were not observed. Conclusion : A combination of gemcitabine and vinorelbine in patients previously treated for non-small cell lung cancer provides a relatively good response rate, and a low toxicity profile. However, further study will be needed to confirm its effectiveness. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2005; 58: 344-351)