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Bi_2Sr_2Ca_1-xNa_xCu_2O_8+y 산화물 고온초전도체의 Ca 위치에 Na치환 효과
이민수,송승용,이종용,송기영,최봉수 대전산업대학교 반도체기술연구소 1999 半導體技術硏究所報 Vol.1 No.-
산화물 고온초전도체의 초전도성은 Cu-O면의 hole 농도와 밀접한 상호관계를 갖고 있음이 잘 알려져있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 Cu-O면의 hole 농도를 변화시키기 위해, Bi계 2212상(80K 상)의 구조안에 있는 +2가인 Ca 위치에 +1가의 알카리 원소를 치환하였다. 즉, Cu-O면의 hole 농도를 변화시킴에 따른 초전도성의 변화 및 초전도체의 결정구조 변화를 조사하였다. 그 결과 Ca 위치에 Na를 치환한 고용한계는 x<0.3이었다. 시료 안의 Na 치환량을 증가시킴에 따라 임계온도 T_c 와 hole 농도는 점차 증가하여 최대값을 갖은 후 서서히 감소 되었고, Na 치환량 x>-0.7 이상에서는 금속 - 반도체 전이현상이 관찰되었다. 또한 Na 치환의 고용한계내에서 결정상수 c^-축은 점차 감소하였고, a,b- 축은 점차 증가되는 경향을 보였다. The samples of Bi_2Sr_2Ca_1-xNa_xCu_2O_8+y with various carrier concentration were synthesized by substituting Na for Ca ion. The superconducting properties, hall coefficients and X-ray powder diffraction were measured the samples. Single phase samples were obtained for 0<-x0.3 of Bi_2Sr_2Ca_1-xNa_xCu_2O_8+y. In the single phase, the critical temperature T_c and carrier concentration increase with the increase of Na concentration pass through a maximum and then decreases. In the range of x>-0.7 to the Na doped samples, howerever, we observed the metal-semiconductor transition. The c-axis seemed to decrease and a, and b-axes increase with increasing Na concentration in the single phase. Decreasing of c-axis while increasing x is due to the smaller size of Na^-1 ions to the Ca+2 ions. In the range of x>0.3 however, the trend becomes ambiguous due to the inclusion of the 10 K phase and impurity phase.
Bi계 산화물 초전도체 2212상에 있어서 Bi 자리에 Ge 치환에 따른 초전도 특성
신재수,이민수,최봉수,송승용,송기영 대전산업대학교 반도체기술연구소 2000 半導體技術硏究所報 Vol.2 No.-
고상반응법(solid-state reaction)으로 산화물 초전도체 Bi_2-xGe_xSr_2CaCu_2O_8+8(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5)을 제조하여 치환에 따른 산소량의 변화가 초전도 특성에 미치는 영향에 관하여 조사하였다. 이차 가압(intermediate press) 방법으로 제조한 시편은 온도 폭 △K(온도 임계온도 T_c^on과 영저항 임계온도 T_c^zero와의 차)가 상당히 감소함을 알았으며 80 K 단일상 고용한계는 Ge 치환량이 x<- 0.3영역임을 알았다. 고용한계 영역 내에서 Ge 치환량 x의 증가에 따라 격자상수 c가 감소함을 보였으며, 온셋 임계온도 T_c^on은 증가하였고, 과잉(여분) 샨소량은 감소함을 보였다. Samples with the nominal composition, Bi_2-xGe_xSr_2CaCu_2O_8+8(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. We have studied the effect of substitution Ge for Bi and investigated the superconducting properties by changing oxygen content with Ge substitution. It was found that temperature difference, △K, between T_c^on and T_c^zero was considerably smaller in the samples prepared by the intermediate pressing method than that in the samples by the solid-state reaction method. We found the solubility limit of Ge to the 80 K single phase, the onset critical temperature T_c^on increased and excess oxygen content decreased with increase of x.
Haloperidol의 약물속도론적 연구 (III) -정신분열증 환자에 있어서 Haloperidol의 일회 주사 및 경구투여시의 Pharmacokinetics-
박경호(Kyoung Ho Park),이민화(Min Hwa Lee),이명걸(Myung Gull Lee),권준수(Jun Soo Kwon),박원명(Won Myung Park),박진생(Jin Seng Park) 대한약학회 1990 약학회지 Vol.34 No.6
The pharmacokinetics of haloperidol were determined after single oral and intravenous doses in 13 male schizophrenic patients. Plasma concentrations of haloperidol(HP) and reduced haloperidol were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Plasma concentration data obtained were analyzed by obth model dependent (one-or two exponential decay models using nonlinear regression) and model independent (AUC and first moment curve) approaches. The two methods were found to be in close results. After intravenous injections of HP in 8 patients (10 mg/man), the mean central and peripheral volume of distribution were 2.85+/-1.7O and 8.09+/-2.10 l/kg, respectively, and mean steady, state volume of distribution was 11.87+/-3.21 l/kg. Mean clearance, MRT and elimination half life were 12.39+/-3.25 ml/min/kg, 925.1O+/-166.79 min and 676.35+/-126.45 min,respectively. After oral administrations of HP in 5 patients, mean peak time and peak concentration were 2l7.63+/-61.60min and 9.77+/-2.92ng/ml, respectively. Mean MRT and elimination half life were 1112.23+/-131.73 min and 724.02+/-120.03 min, respectively, and these parameters were not significantly different from those of intravenous injection of HP. Absolute bioavailability of HP oral product was found to be about 44%. The profiles of plasma RH concentration-time curves after oral or intravenous doses of HP were similar. Also it was found that the elimination rate of RH was slower than that of HP by comparing the slopes of plasma concentration-time curves of HP and RH.
한국과 중국 간 인터넷 오픈마켓 이용행동 차이에 관한 비교연구
황성민(Seng-min Hwang),박철(Cheol Park) 한국인터넷전자상거래학회 2007 인터넷전자상거래연구 Vol.7 No.4
This study examined the differences of usage behaviors and attitudes on Internet open market between Korea and China. As results, there were significant differences in economic, convenience, and social shopping motivations between Korea and China. Functional and psychological perceived risks of Chinese were higher than Korean's. Buying frequency and intention, inovativeness, and trust of Korea were higher than chinese. The implications based on the results were suggested.
Acute respiratory symptoms and evacuation-related behavior after exposure to chlorine gas leakage
Sung-Woo Han,Won-Jun Choi,Min-Kee Yi,Seng-Ho Song,Dong-Hoon Lee,Sang-Hwan Han 대한직업환경의학회 2016 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.28 No.-
Background: A study was performed on the accidental chlorine gas leakage that occurred in a factory of printed circuit boards manufactured without chlorine. Health examination was performed for all 52 workers suspected of exposure to chlorine gas, and their evacuation-related behaviors were observed in addition to analyzing the factors that affected the duration of their acute respiratory symptoms. Methods: Behavioral characteristics during the incidence of the accidental chlorine gas leakage, the estimated time of exposure, and the duration of subjective acute respiratory symptoms were investigated. In addition, clinical examination, chest radiography, and dental erosion test were performed. As variables that affected the duration of respiratory symptoms, dose group, body weight, age, sex, smoking, work period, and wearing a protective gear were included and analyzed by using the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Of 47 workers exposed to chlorine gas, 36 (77 %) developed more than one subjective symptom. The duration of the subjective symptoms according to exposure level significantly differed, with a median of 1 day (range, 0–5 days) in the low-exposure group and 2 days (range, 0–25 days) in the high-exposure group. Among the variables that affected the duration of the acute respiratory symptoms, which were analyzed by using the Cox proportional hazard model, only exposure level was significant (hazard ratio 2.087, 95 % CI = 1.119, 3.890). Regarding the evacuation-related behaviors, 22 workers (47 %) voluntarily evacuated to a safety zone immediately after recognizing the accidental exposure, but 25 workers (43 %) delayed evacuation until the start of mandatory evacuation (min 5, max 25 min). Conclusions: The duration of the subjective acute respiratory symptoms significantly differed between the low- and high-exposure groups. Among the 27 workers in the high-exposure group, 17 misjudged the toxicity after being aware of the gas leakage, which is a relatively high number.
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy 수술 후 Sugammadex와 Neostigmine 간에 첫 자발호흡과 부작용 발현 연구
박현숙,박문수,김민정,김귀숙,조윤숙,배성심,이정연,Park, HyunSuk,Park, Moon Soo,Kim, Min Jung,Kim, Kwi Suk,Cho, Yoon Sook,Bae, Seng Sim,Rhie, Sandy Jeong 한국임상약학회 2018 한국임상약학회지 Vol.28 No.2
Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the time from the injection of muscle relaxants to the first spontaneous respiration between sugammadex and conventional reversal for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: This study was retrospectively conducted on patients who were diagnosed with gallbladder stone (N802) between January 2014 and April 2017. The data were collected from the electronic medical records of a total of 186 patients (84 patients in the neostigmine group and 102 patients in the sugammadex group). Results: The time required for the first spontaneous respiration in the sugammadex group was shorter than that in the neostigmine group (3.6 min vs 4.9 min; p<0.05). After the injection of intermediate muscle relaxants, the comparison of heart rate and mean arterial pressure in the sugammadex and neostigmine groups revealed that the heart rate in the neostigmine group was higher than in the sugammadex group after 5 min (p<0.05). The mean arterial pressure in the neostigmine group was higher than in the sugammadex group after 10 min (p<0.05). A significant adverse effect of tachycardia was observed in the neostigmine group (p<0.05), but the frequency of rescue antiemetic in the sugammadex group was significantly higher than in the neostigmine group (p<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the unwanted effect of neostigmine group was tachycardia; therefore, in the case of patients with hemodynamic instability, sugammadex is recommended. At 12 hours after the injection of sugammadex to patients, more antiemetics were required than in the neostigmine group; therefore, more research should be conducted on postoperative nausea and vomiting.