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어포던스 개념과 게슈탈트 심리학의 연관성 고찰 - 디자인 조형의 관점에서 -
오세헌(주저자) ( Oh¸ Sehun(주저자) ),오세헌(교신저자) ( Oh¸ Sehun(교신저자) ) 디자인융복합학회(구.한국인포디자인학회) 2021 디자인융복합연구 Vol.20 No.1
게슈탈트와 어포던스 개념은 디자인 분야에서 대표적으로 접하는 심리학 관련 용어로 모두 시지각과 관련된 심리학 연구에서 출발했으나, 그동안 둘 사이의 연관성이 특별히 주목받지 못하여 개별적으로 연구되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 어포던스 용어를 만든 깁슨이 개념의 출발점으로 게슈탈트 심리학자들의 개념을 언급하고 있다는 사실을 바탕으로, 문헌 연구를 통해 게슈탈트 심리학자들의 디맨드 캐릭터(Demand Character) 개념과 베일런스(Valence) 개념 그리고 생태심리학과 인지심리학에서 사용되는 어포던스 개념을 심층적으로 고찰하였다. 연구를 통해 인간의 지각이 개별 자극의 조합이 아니라 형태 집단을 인식하는 방식으로 이루어진다는 것을 전제로 하는 게슈탈트 심리학과 생태심리학의 학문적 접근방식에 있어서의 근본적인 공통점들을 발견할 수 있었다. 이러한 맥락을 바탕으로 최종적으로 디맨드 캐릭터의 관찰자 필요에 의한 가변성, 네거티브 개념까지 존재하는 베일런스, 근본적으로 환경에 내재하는 깁슨의 어포던스, 관찰자의 인지 능력에 종속적인 노먼의 어포던스 개념들을 비교분석하였다. 본 연구를 통해 게슈탈트 심리학과 어포던스 개념 간의 연관성을 살펴보고 둘 사이를 관통하는 공통적인 맥락을 조명해 보았다. 이를 바탕으로 향후 디자인 분야에서 두 개념에 대한 활용과 논의가 통합적인 관점에서 보다 구체화 될 수 있기를 기대한다. Gestalt and affordance are psychology contents that are representatively encountered in the design field, and both started from psychological research related to visual perception. However so far, the connection between the two concepts has not been particularly noted and they have been studied individually. This study started from the fact that Gibson, who coined the affordance term, refers to the concept of Gestalt psychologists as the starting point of affordance. Through the research, fundamental commonalities in the academic approach of Gestalt psychology and ecological psychology could be found. Also, the variability due to the need of the observer of the demand character, the veilance that even has a negative direction, Gibson's affordance that is fundamentally inherent in the environment, and Norman's affordance that are dependent on the observer's cognitive ability were compared and analyzed. Based on this study, it is expected that the use and discussion of gestalt and affordance in design field will be more concrete in an integrated perspective.
( Sehun Kim ),( Donghoon Han ),( Jae Hyuk Choi ),( Eun-joo Park ),( Dong Geum Shin ),( Min-kyung Kang ),( Seonghoon Choi ),( Namho Lee ),( Jung Rae Cho ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.0
Background/Aims: Prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and clopidogrel beyond 1 year has been shown to reduce ischemic events at the expense of increased bleeding. However, limited data are available on the clinical significance of platelet reactivity (PR) at 1 year. Methods: We retrospectively identified 331 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and assessed the on-clopidogrel PR using VerifyNow P2Y12 assay at 1 year in a single center. Two hundred eleven patients were on DAPT for > 1 year. The relationship between high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HPR) at 1 year and clinical outcomes beyond 1 year, as well as the longitudinal change in PR was analyzed. Results: At 1 year, 135 (64%) patients showed HPR and 76 (36%) did not. There was a significant increase in ischemic endpoint events, including cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and stroke/transient ischemic attack in patients with compared to without HPR at 1 year (hazard ratio [HR], 2.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06 to 6.77; p = 0.036). However, the incidence of any Bleeding Academic Research Consortium bleeding was significantly lower in the HPR group (HR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.65; p = 0.015). In the longitudinal analysis, PR significantly decreased from post-load to 1 year after index PCI in the non-HPR group. Conversely, the HPR group showed high PR from baseline through 1 year. Conclusions: HPR at 1 year may be a useful surrogate for predicting ischemic and bleeding events in patients on prolonged DAPT. Patients with and without HPR at 1 year showed different patterns of longitudinal change in PR.
Sehun Kim,Jong-Phil Kim,Ryu, Jeha IEEE 2014 IEEE/ASME transactions on mechatronics Vol.19 No.4
<P>Even though impedance control approaches are useful for robot interaction control, they can guarantee stability only for the assumed range of the environments. This paper presents a new adaptive energy-bounding approach (EBA) that can maintain a desired contact force at steady state while guaranteeing robust contact stability for impedance-controlled industrial robots that are contacting with very uncertain environments beyond the assumed range of the environments. The proposed adaptive EBA that is applied to impedance-controlled industrial robots interacting with incompletely specified real environments is an extension of the haptic EBA, which was previously developed for stable haptic interaction with virtual environments. Moreover, the adaptive EBA estimates online control parameters to improve performance while assuring stability for the system. Theoretical analyses on the performance and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.</P>
Sehun Kim,Jin Joo Park,Seung-Ah Lee,Youngjin Cho,Yeonyee E. Yoon,Il-Young Oh,Chang-Hwan Yoon,Jung-Won Suh,Young-Seok Cho,Doo Ryeon Chung,Goo-Yeong Cho,In Ho Chae,Hae-Young Lee,Jinho Shin,Sungha Park,D 대한내과학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.33 No.1
Background/Aims: Currently, office blood pressure (OBP) is the most widely used method of measuring blood pressure (BP) in daily clinical practice. However, data on the diagnostic accuracy of OBP in reference to ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) are scarce in Korea. Methods: In retrospective and prospective cohorts, manual OBP and ABP measurements were compared among ambulatory hypertensive patients. Hypertension was defined as systolic OBP ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic OBP ≥ 90 mmHg, and systolic ABP ≥ 130 mmHg and/or diastolic ABP ≥ 80 mmHg. Results: In the retrospective cohort (n = 903), the mean OBP1 (before ABP measurement) was higher than ABP in both systolic (138 ± 17 mmHg vs. 123 ± 13 mmHg, p < 0.001) and diastolic (84 ± 12 mmHg vs. 78 ± 11 mmHg, p < 0.001) measurements. Interestingly, there was only a weak correlation between OBP and ABP (r2 = 0.038, p < 0.001). The overall discordance rate of OBP compared to ABP, which is the reference method for measuring BP, was 43.9%. The prospective cohort (n = 57) showed similar results. In a subgroup analysis, male patients had higher false negative results (masked or under-treated hypertension) than did female patients (26.1% vs. 17.8%, p = 0.003), whereas female patients had a higher false positive rate (white-coat or over-treated hypertension) than did male patients (28.7% vs. 15.2%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of manual OBP is low in reference to ABP. Men and women have different patterns of discordance. These findings indicate that management of hypertensive patients with manual OBP measurements may be suboptimal and encourages the use of ABP in ambulatory hypertensive patients.
A Survey on Time-Series Anomaly Detection focusing on Features, Approaches, and Challenging
SeHun Park(박세훈),XinYu Piao(박흠우),Jong-Kook Kim(김종국) 대한전자공학회 2023 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.6
Recently, time series data analysis has become an important area of research to understand real-world phenomena in various domains such as manufacturing, finance, business, healthcare, and cybersecurity. The importance of analyzing and detecting anomalies that can be found in time-series data is also increasing. This paper details two deep learning-based approaches to handle the task of time series anomaly detection, including the definition of time-series anomalies. Moreover, this paper highlights the challenges encountered when applying deep anomaly detection techniques for time series data.
Sehun Kim,Hyun Sik Gong 대한정형외과학회 2021 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.13 No.1
Background: Patients experiencing acute trauma have limited time for their involvement in shared decision making, which may lead to decisional conflict. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether providing audiovisual surgical information can reduce decisional conflict when deciding between surgical and nonsurgical treatment in patients with distal radius fractures (DRFs) and to evaluate factors that may affect decisional conflict. Methods: We prospectively enrolled 50 consecutive patients who presented with acute DRFs and chose to undergo surgery, for which volar plate fixation was recommended. We randomized these patients into 2 groups. The test group was given a video clip of audiovisual surgical information in addition to regular information while the control group was only given regular information. The video clip consisted of the purpose, procedure, and effect of the surgery, precautions and complications after the operation, and other treatment options that could be performed if operation was not performed. At 2 weeks after the surgery, we evaluated patients’ decisional conflict using a decisional conflict scale (DCS). In addition, we evaluated factors that might affect decisional conflict, such as age, dominant hand, comorbidities, history of previous operations, perceived disability, and provision of the video clip. Results: The test group showed significantly lower DCS scores than the control group (19.6 vs. 32.1, p = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, younger age and provision of the video clip were associated with lower DCS scores. Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that providing information through audiovisual media such as video clips could reduce decisional conflict in patients who chose to undergo plate fixation for DRFs. This study also suggests that older patients may need more careful doctor-patient communication as they have more decisional conflict than younger patients.
Sehun Min,Hyun Kyu Suh 한국자동차공학회 2022 International journal of automotive technology Vol.23 No.1
The objective of this numerical study is to investigate the effect of CO2 mole fraction controlled by simulated-exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on fuel droplet behavior for simultaneous exhaust emissions reduction in compression ignition engine under early injection conditions. In the simulation, the intake air initial composition was changed to simulate the EGR with changing CO2 mole fraction. To consider early injection conditions, start of energizing timing was changed. The results were analyzed in terms of spray tip penetration, Sauter mean diameter, evaporated fuel ratio, and fuel mass fraction distributions. When CO2 mole fraction increased, spray tip penetration was decreased because the kinetic energy of the injected fuel droplet was reduced by the high density of CO2 and SMD was decreased since the high density of CO2 disturbed the fuel progress, which induced the fuel droplet to have low kinetic energy. In addition, when the start of energizing timing was before top dead center 23 degree and CO2 mole fraction was 20 %, exhaust emissions were expected to simultaneously reduce because the rapidly evaporated fuel by the collision effect promoted the combustion, and it made to evaporate the formed liquid wall film, which may absorb the combustion temperature by the latent heat vaporization.