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문지희,전혜연,강나영,김희정,배나영,양아롬,왕세미,하주영,이자형 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2004 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.38
The purpose of this research is to analyze relationships among the habitual life, stress, and constipation and to help prevent and improve the constipation among women's university students. This is a descriptive interrelated research that has targeted women's university students. The data had been collected for 10 days, from December 22, 2003 to December 31, 2003. The survey was carried out to the 295 women's university students that had been randomly selected by visiting four-year-course colleges and universities in Seoul. The survey consists of 78 questions: five questions on the general trait, 11 questions on the habitual life, 51 questions on the stress, and 11 questions on the constipation. There are seven questions on the dietary life, four questions on exercising, and Shin Jung Ran's survey(2003) and Lee Ji Jung's survey(2001) was used as a reference. Yoon Ho Yul's five grade stress barometer(1996) was also used to measure the amount of stress. The collected data was analyzed by a real number, percentage, the arithmetical mean, the standard deviation, t-test, x²test using SPSS 10.00 for Windows Program. Results are as follow 1. Four to six cups of daily water intake was the highest by 50.0%. Students not have breakfast(55.7%) mostly because they did not have enough time(62.6%). Dinner was the most overeated meal by 72.3% and the most preferred food was meat by 42.0%. In the questions related to exercising, more than half of the students answered that they hardly do not exercise(58%), work out for less than 30minutes(67.3%), and exercised lightly(75.3%). 2. Students were suffering from stresses due to the personal relations(51.36±14.0426), scholastic achievement and personal direction(24.93±8.3037), financial conditions and family matters(20.28±8.1718) and social circumstances(2.7262). 3. In the defection part, the student's reply that they have more than five times of bowel movement on a weekly basis(48.3%), and that it takes three to five minutes to defecate(41.3%) were the highest. More than half of the students answered that their one time excrement quantity was between 30 grams to 60 grams(72.3%) and that it was normal(68.7%). In a question asking how it feels after the defecation(students were allowed to choose more than one answer), relieved and refreshed was the highest by 66.6%, an uncomfortable followed by 42.8%. 4.4% of the students answered that they suffer from strong abdominal pain during the defecation. The rest of the students answered that they do not have stomachache or that it was normal. The students were classified into the constipation group of 103 people(34.9%) and the normal group of 192 people(65.1%) under the devised definition of this research. 4. Students that live in dormitories and do their own cooking were more likely to have constipation than those that live in private residence or in a lodgins. 5. The research showed that there is a mutual relation between water in a day intake and the constipation. It means that the lesser water students drink, the more they suffer from the constipation. The number of times a student had a meal everyday and the constipation was interrelated. If a student had lesser or irregular meals in a day, they had more constipation. Preferred food and constipation was also interrelated. Students that preferred vegetable, fruit, and dairy products were more likely to belong in a normal/general group. 6. By dividing the stress factors into the lower categories, we were able to see that the total stress(t-2.063, p-0.040), personal relations(t-2.316, p-0.021), scholastic achievements and personal directions(t-20127, p-0.034) had mutual relation with the constipation. The constipation group(120.27±30.2708) was suffering from stronger level of stress than the normal group(112.97±28.1466). Through this study, we were able to verify that the few general traits, habitual life, and stress of the women's university students have mutual relations with the constipation.
이창희,이상대,김영재,김정욱,한세현,이상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.3
담도페쇄증은 간장외 담관의 부분적이거나 완전한 파괴 또는 부재로 인한 담즙흐름의 완전한 폐쇄로 정의된다. 이 질환은대략 10,000명당 1명 정도 비율로 발생하며 여성에서 약간 높은 빈도를 보인다. 원인인자는 명확히 밝혀지지 않았으며 증상은 과빌리루빈혈증과 함께 황달, 점토색변, 지방설사, 어두운 갈색뇨, 간비대 등을 보인다. 최근의 담도폐쇄증의 치료는 간문장문합술 단독 혹은 간이식술을 병행하는 경향이다. 본 증례의 환자에서는 다양한 정도의 치아변색을 보였으며 색상은 노란색에서부터 짙은 초록색까지 다양했다. 법랑질의 저형성증이 모든 치아에 나타났고 구강위생이 좋지 않았으며 다발성 우식증을 가지고 있었다. Biliary atresia is defined as a complete obstruction of bile flow owing to destruction or absence of all or part of the extrahepatic bile ducts. This disease is occurring in approximately 1:10,000 live births and moderate pre-dominance of female is noted. The etiology of biliary atresia remained unsolved. The signs and symptoms are hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice, clay-colored stools, steatorrhea, dark yellow urine and hepatomegaly. Currently biliary atresia is best managed by hepatic portoenterostomy with or without liver transplantation. Biliary atresia patients with these cases showed staining of the teeth. The stains ranged in color from yellowish-brown to deep green. Enamel hypoplasia was all erupted teeth present. Patients had poor oral hygiene and rampant caries.
接木한 배나무의 樹齡에 따르는 燐酸의 消長에 대한 硏究
金晙敎,元世鎬,安鶴洙,鄭熙敦 건국대학교 1968 學術誌 Vol.9 No.1
It is very essential problem that the study on the translocation of nutritious substances between the scion and the stock when the seedlings were grafted. So the present experiments was carried out to investigate the behavior of phosphorous in the leaves, stems, new shoots and roots of scion and stock for the different age of tree after the pear-tree was grafted. For the study the seedlings were raised in the green-house of Agr. and Indus. college of Kon-kuk University. The results obtained from this work may be summarized as follows. ① The Phosphosrous contents in leaves, 2 to 3 year grafted-pear was slightly increased as compare with the same year-old stock. ② The phosphorous contents in the new shoots, one year grafted-pear was markedly decreased as compare with the same year-old stock. However 2 year-old galled-pear was gently increased. ③ The phosphorous contents in the stem and roots, there is no different between the grafted-pear (scion) and stock without relation to the age of tree.
Se Hui Oh(오세휘),Nak Jun Choi(최낙준),Sang Hyuk Seo(서상혁),Min Sung An(안민성),Kwang Hee Kim(김광희),Ki Beom Bae(배기범),Jin Won Hwang(황진원),Sang Heon Lee(이상헌),Ji Hyun Kim(김지현),Sam Ryong Jee(지삼룡),Mi Seon Kang(강미선),Kwa 대한종양외과학회 2016 Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol.12 No.1
Purpose: Colorectal obstruction develops most frequently by carcinoma, and 7%–30% of these colorectal carcinomas are acute cases. The oncologic safety of self-expanding metal stent (SEMS) insertion as a bridge to surgery has not yet been established. Thus, we investigated the oncologic safety of SEMS insertion as a bridge to surgery in patients with obstructive colorectal cancer. Methods: This retrospective had 56 patients enrolled requiring emergency management for obstructive colorectal cancer at stage II or III, who had undergone curative surgery between July 2008 and June 2011. These subjects were divided into two groups: patients who had undergone emergency surgery without SEMS insertion (non-stent group) and those who had undergone elective surgery after preoperative decompression with SEMS insertion (stent group). The two groups were compared for clinicopathologic characteristics, postoperative complications, and survival rate. Results: Enterostomy was performed in 25 patients (100.0%) in the non-stent group and 1 patient (3.2%) in the stent group; laparoscopic surgery was carried out in 7 patients (28.0%) in the non-stent group and 19 patients (61.29%) in the stent group, each showing statistically significant differences. There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative complications and 5-year disease-free survival rate (72% vs. 74.19%, P=0.87, respectively). Conclusion: In treatment of malignant colorectal obstruction, elective operation after stent insertion had similar oncologic outcomes compared with emergency operation. Preoperative stent insertion not only lowers the incidence of enterostomy but also makes laparoscopic surgery possible, thereby enhancing patients’ quality of life. Therefore, preoperative stent insertion is a useful method that may replace emergency surgery in treatment of malignant colorectal obstruction.
Se Hui Noh,박도현,Yi Rang Kim,Yoon Hee Chun,Tae Jun Song,문성훈,이상수,서동완,이성구,김명환 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2010 Gut and Liver Vol.4 No.3
Bile-duct invasion is rare in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We report a case that received peroral direct cholangioscopy (PDCS)-guided endoscopic biopsy and photodynamic treatment (PDT)for recurrent HCC with intraductal tiny nodular tumor growth. A 64-year-old woman presented with recurrent right upper-quadrant pain. Six months previously she had been diagnosed with HCC with bile-duct invasion in the right anterior segment and had received right anterior segmentectomy. On pathological examination,the margin of resection was clear, but macroscopic bile-duct invasion was noted. On admission, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) revealed a 0.5-cm-sized polypoid mass at the hilar portion. ERCP-guided biopsy failed, and an ampullary stricture was noted. PDCS-guided endoscopic biopsy was thus performed, and histopathology of the retrieved specimen revealed HCC. The patient submitted to PDT. There was no procedure-related complication. After 1month of PDT the polypoid lesion and scar change at the hilar lesion had disappeared.