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Japan’s sports diplomacy in the early post-Second World War years
Sayuri Guthrie-Shimizu 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2013 International Area Studies Review Vol.16 No.3
This essay outlines key cases of sports diplomacy practiced by Japan with the assistance of the Allied Occupation Authorities after the Second World War. Both Japan and the occupation overlord employed sports to good effect as a tool for reshaping Japan’s national image as one of a rule-abiding civilized society and buttressing the idea of US–Japanese friendship during the Cold War. Both amateur and professional sports heroes played a part in these binational efforts.
Sayuri Ohta,Sakie Nakagawara,Sayaka Hirai,Kumi Miyagishima,Gorou Horiguchi,Hiroaki Kodama 한국식물생명공학회 2018 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.12 No.2
Several plant genes have their first intron in the 5′ untranslated region (5′ UTR), and such 5′ UTR introns often show several biological functions, including the intron-mediated enhancement of protein expression through an increase of mRNA level (IME), intron-dependent spatial expression, and intron-mediated enhancement of translation. Here, we show another function of the 5′ UTR intron, i.e., the 5′ UTR intron-mediated enhancement of constitutive splicing. The NtFAD3 gene, which encodes a tobacco microsome ω-3 fatty acid desaturase, has a 552 nucleotide-long 5′ UTR intron (intron 1), and the other seven introns are located in the coding sequence. The splicing of the 5′ half region of the NtFAD3 was studied through an in vivo splicing assay using Arabidopsis leaf explants. The low splicing efficiency of intron 2 was much improved when the assay construct harbored intron 1. Deletion of intron 1 and the replacement of intron 1 to the NtFAD3 intron 8 decreased the splicing efficiency of intron 2. The splicing enhancers were redundant and dispersed in the 5′ splice site-proximal, 284-nucleotides region of intron 1. In addition, the interaction among the cis-elements, i.e., the splicing enhancers in the intron 1 and exon 2, were necessary for the efficient splicing of intron 2. The 5′ UTR intron-mediated constitutive splicing was partially inhibited when an SR-like protein, SR45, was deficient. These results indicated a novel function of the 5′ UTR intron, namely an enhancement of the constitutive splicing.
Mother`s Emotional Inhibition during a Go/Nogo Task: An ERP Study
( Sayuri Hayashi ),( Yeon Kyu Kim ) 한국감성과학회 2015 추계학술대회 Vol.2015 No.-
Previous studies have showed that mothers have the ability to attend and respond to their infants in ways that are contingent to the infants’ needs, however few studies have investigated the mothers’ ability when mothers were exposed to the stimuli which irrelevant infants. The present study aimed to investigate whether maternal status affects the emotional modulation of cognitive control, especially response inhibition which is reflected to Event-Rerated Potentials (ERP) components such as N2 and P3 in an emotional Go/No-Go paradigm which consisted on irrelevant infants stimuli. We hypothesized that the emotional modulation of cognitive control during the emotional Go/No-Go paradigm would characterize mothers and non-mothers differentially since it is more important for mothers to inhibit inappropriate behavior and execute appropriate behavior to support their infants’ safety development in any situations. ERPs were recorded in 48 adults (male/female, parents/non-parents) during performing an emotional Go/No-Go task that required response inhibition (No-Go trials) to pictures of a “non-target” emotional facial expression (angry/happy/neutral) and response execution (Go-trials) to a different “non-target” expression. We had a preliminary experiment before this study. As the preliminary experiment result, we observed positive potentials during between 300 and 600 ms after stimulus onset which would reflect the emotional modulation of cognitive control during No-Go trials. We expected that this P3 would characterize mothers and it would be clear whether the emotional modulation of cognitive control is modulated by maternal process.
( Sayuri Yamamoto ),( Yurika Kawamura ),( Kazuhiro Yamamoto ),( Yoshiharu Yamaguchi ),( Yasuhiro Tamura ),( Shinya Izawa ),( Hiroaki Nakagawa ),( Yoshinori Wakita ),( Yasutaka Hijikata ),( Masahide Eb 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.4
Background/Aims Chronic constipation and lifestyle factors can affect sleep quality. We evaluated the relationship between chronic constipation and sleep in the Japanese population. Methods This cross-sectional internet-based survey included 3000 subjects with constipation, classified according to sleep status (good/poor). Primary endpoints were Bristol stool form scale (BSFS) score and correlations between sleep disorder criteria of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and sleep status (good/poor sleep). Secondary endpoints included correlations between quality of life (QOL) and mood, medical, lifestyle, and sleep factors. Results The proportion of participants with BSFS category 4 (normal stool) was significantly higher in the good sleep group (P < 0.001). Sleep disturbance (P < 0.05), sleep quality, and duration, use of hypnotic medication, and daytime dysfunction of PSQI (all P < 0.001) significantly correlated with poor sleep. In the poor sleep group, QOL was significantly worse and anxiety and depression levels were significantly higher (all P < 0.001) compared with the good sleep group. Anemia and smoking (both P < 0.05), recent body weight increases, and poor eating habits (all P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the poor sleep group. Male sex, onset associated with change in frequency of stools, sensation of incomplete evacuation for at least 25% of defecations, and manual maneuvers to facilitate at least 25% of defecations correlated with poor sleep. Conclusions Subjects with constipation and poor sleep experienced severe symptoms and had poor QOL. These data support the need for a multifocal treatment approach, including lifestyle advice and pharmacotherapy. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:602-611)
Kinetic characterization of a novel acid ectophosphatase from Enterobacter asburiae
Vanessa Sayuri Sato,Renato F. Galdiano Júnior,Gisele Regina Rodrigues,Eliana G. M. Lemos,João Martins Pizauro Junior 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.2
Expression of acid ectophosphatase by Enterobacter asburiae, isolated from Cattleya walkeriana (Orchidaceae) roots and identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis, was strictly regulated by phosphorus ions, with its optimal activity being observed at an inorganic phosphate concentration of 7 mM. At the optimum pH 3.5, intact cells released p-nitrophenol at a rate of 350.76 ± 13.53 nmol of p-nitrophenolate (pNP)/min/108 cells. The membrane-bound enzyme was obtained by centrifugation at 100,000 × g for 1 h at 4°C. p-Nitrophenylphosphate (pNPP) hydrolysis by the enzyme follows “Michaelis-Menten” kinetics with V = 61.2 U/mg and K0.5 = 60 μM, while ATP hydrolysis showed V = 19.7 U/mg, K0.5 = 110 μM, and nH = 1.6 and pyrophosphate hydrolysis showed V = 29.7 U/mg, K0.5 = 84 μM, and nH = 2.3. Arsenate and phosphate were competitive inhibitors with Ki = 0.6 mM and Ki = 1.8 mM, respectively. p-Nitrophenyl phosphatase (pNPPase) activity was inhibited by vanadate, while p-hydroxymercuribenzoate, EDTA, calcium, copper, and cobalt had no inhibitory effects. Magnesium ions were stimulatory (K0.5 = 2.2 mM and nH = 0.5). Production of an acid ectophosphatase can be a mechanism for the solubilization of mineral phosphates by microorganisms such as Enterobacter asburiae that are versatile in the solubilization of insoluble minerals, which, in turn, increases the availability of nutrients for plants, particularly in soils that are poor in phosphorus.
( Vanessa Sayuri Sato ),( Joao Atilio Jorge ),( Wanderley Pereira Oliveira ),( Claudia Regina Fernandes Souza ),( Luis Henrique Souza Guimaraes ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.2
Microbial phytases are enzymes with biotechnological interest for the feed industry. In this article, the effect of spray-drying conditions on the stability and activity of extracellular phytase produced by R. microsporus var. microsporus biofilm is described. The phytase was spray-dried in the presence of starch, corn meal (>150 μm), soy bean meal (SB), corn meal (<150 μm) (CM), and maltodextrin as drying adjuvants. The residual enzyme activity after drying ranged from 10.7% to 60.4%, with SB and CM standing out as stabilizing agents. Water concentration and residual enzyme activity were determined in obtained powders as a function of the drying condition. When exposed to different pH values, the SB and CM products were stable, with residual activity above 50% in the pH range from 4.5 to 8.5 for 60 min. The use of CM as drying adjuvant promoted the best retention of enzymatic activity compared with SB. Spray drying of the R. microsporus var. microsporus phytase using different drying adjuvants showed interesting results, being quite feasible with regards their biotechnological applications, especially for poultry diets.
Hayashi, Sayuri,Wada, Hiroko,Kim, Sung-Phil,Motomura, Yuki,Higuchi, Shigekazu,Kim, Yeon-Kyu BioMed Central 2018 Journal of Physiological Anthropology Vol.37 No.1
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>It is known that emotion regulatory responses of humans are changed by the experiences they have, but in particular, they are changed by becoming a mother. A recent study has found how a woman’s emotion regulatory response to a child’s crying changes after becoming a mother. However, mothers’ emotion regulatory responses other than those to children and the association between emotion regulatory response and parental stress are still unknown.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Eighteen healthy Japanese females (nine mothers and nine non-mothers) participated in the experiment. They performed an emotional Go/Nogo task, with facial expressions of others (angry, happy, and neutral faces) used as emotional stimuli. The percentage of correct responses, response time, and event-related potentials (ERPs) during the task was measured.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>This comparison revealed that the mother group had a larger P3 (Nogo-P3) amplitude than the non-mother group when Nogo trials were held. This indicates that in mothers, there was greater activation of the behavioral inhibition-related brain areas than in non-mother women when they inhibited inappropriate behavior following recognition of facial expressions of others. In addition, in the mother group, there was a negative correlation between parental stress levels and Nogo-P3 amplitudes evoked by angry faces. This suggests that there is a relation between the level of parental stress of mothers and their emotion regulatory responses to angry faces.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Our results demonstrate that mothers’ emotion regulatory processes may differ from those of non-mothers in response, not only to a child’s crying but also to expressions of emotions by others, and also suggest that the inhibitory recognition activity of mothers can be affected by parental stress.</P>
A NOTE ON A CHOQUET-DENY-TYPE THEOREM
Kashimoto Marcia Sayuri,Prolla Joao Bosco Korean Mathematical Society 2006 대한수학회보 Vol.43 No.4
We present a Choquet-Deny-type theorem for downward filtering convex sets of continuous functions and show that the Identity Korovkin cone of a downward filtering convex cone S is exactly the uniform closure of S.