Dye-Perfused Human Placenta for Simulation in a Microsurgery Laboratory for Plastic Surgeons

Zambrano-Jerez Laura C.,Díaz-Santamaría Karen D.,Rodríguez-Santos María A.,Alarcón-Ariza Diego F.,Meléndez-Flórez Genny L.,Ramírez-Blanco Mónica A. 대한성형외과학회 2023 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.50 No.6

In recent decades, a number of simulation models for microsurgical training have been published. The human placenta has received extensive validation in microneurosurgery and is a useful instrument to facilitate learning in microvascular repair techniques as an alternative to using live animals. This study uses a straightforward, step-by-step procedure for instructing the creation of simulators with dynamic flow to characterize the placental vascular tree and assess its relevance for plastic surgery departments. Measurements of the placental vasculature and morphological characterization of 18 placentas were made. After the model was used in a basic microsurgery training laboratory session, a survey was given to nine plastic surgery residents, two microsurgeons, and one hand surgeon. In all divisions, venous diameters were larger than arterial diameters, with minimum diameters of 0.8 and 0.6 mm, respectively. The majority of the participants considered that the model faithfully reproduces a real microsurgical scenario; the consistency of the vessels and their dissection are similar in in vivo tissue. Furthermore, all the participants considered that this model could improve their surgical technique and would propose it for microsurgical training. As some of the model's disadvantages, an abundantly thick adventitia, a thin tunica media, and higher adherence to the underlying tissue were identified. The color-perfused placenta is an excellent tool for microsurgical training in plastic surgery. It can faithfully reproduce a microsurgical scenario, offering an abundance of vasculature with varying sizes similar to tissue in vivo, enhancing technical proficiency, and lowering patient error.

Reconstruction of Pharyngolaryngeal Defects with the Ileocolon Free Flap: A Comprehensive Review and How to Optimize Outcomes

Joseph M. Escandón,Eric Santamaría,Peter A. Prieto,Daniela Duarte-Bateman,Pedro Ciudad,Megan Pencek,Howard N. Langstein,Hung-Chi Chen,Oscar J. Manrique 대한성형외과학회 2022 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.49 No.3

Several reconstructive methods have been reported to restore the continuity of the aerodigestive tract following resection of pharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. However, high complication rates have been reported after voice prosthesis insertion. In this setting, the ileocolon free flap (ICFF) offers a tubularized flap for reconstruction of the hypopharynx while providing a natural phonation tube. Herein, we systematically reviewed the current evidence on the use of the ICFF for reconstruction of the aerodigestive tract. A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed MEDLINE, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Ovid MEDLINE(R). Data on the technical considerations and surgical and functional outcomes were extracted. Twentyone studies were included. The mean age and follow-up were 54.65 years and 24.72 months, respectively. An isoperistaltic or antiperistaltic standard ICFF, patch flap, or chimeric seromuscular-ICFF can be used depending on the patients’ needs. The seromuscular chimeric flap is useful to augment the closure of the distal anastomotic site. The maximum phonation time, frequency, and sound pressure level (dB) were higher with ileal segments of 7 to 15 cm. The incidence of postoperative leakage ranged from 0 to 13.3%, and the majority was occurring at the coloesophageal junction. The revision rate of the microanastomosis ranged from 0 to 16.6%. The ICFF provides a reliable and versatile alternative for reconstruction of middle-size defects of the aerodigestive tract. Its three-dimensional configuration and functional anatomy encourage early speech and deglutition without a prosthetic valve and minimal donor-site morbidity.

Computed tomography-guided Gasserian ganglion interventions for cancer-related facial pain in patients with complex anatomy: Insights and recommendations

Ale Ismael González-Casarez1,Santamaría-Montaño Germán Gerardo,Plancarte-Sánchez Ricardo,Guillén-Núñez María Rocío,Juárez-Lemus Ángel Manuel,Hernández-Porras Berenice Carolina,Samano-García Marcela,Ro 대한마취통증의학회 2023 Anesthesia and pain medicine Vol.18 No.2

Background: The Gasserian ganglion is a well-known target for facial pain management, and patients with cancer present an anatomical challenge owing to tumor progression or treatment itself. Computed tomography (CT) is an alternative method for guiding these procedures.Methods: This was an observational retrospective analysis of patients with cancer-related facial pain who underwent CT-guided Gasserian ganglion interventions using local anesthetics, local anesthetics with steroids, phenol, and radiofrequency. Demographic, clinical, and procedure-related variables were collected from January 1, 2015, to December 30, 2018, at the National Cancer Institute. Data distribution was determined using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. A paired sample t-test (with a cut-off of P < 0.05 for statistical significance) was used for comparing outcome.Results: We observed a significant reduction in numerical rating scale (NRS) and douleur neuropathique 4 (DN4) scores from 7.6 ± 1.4 and 4.4 ± 1.4 to 3.2 ± 2.0 and 2.2 ± 1.4 points, respectively (P < 0.001). After the procedure, 70.8% of the patients were satisfied; 16.7% were very satisfied, and 12.5% were unsatisfied. No intra- or postoperative complications were observed. The most common neoplasms were head and neck tumors (83.3%).Conclusions: Our data suggest that CT guidance is an effective and safe option for managing cancer-related facial pain in patients with complex anatomy, resulting in a significant reduction in pain, high satisfaction rates, and no mechanical complications. Future research should aim to refine the role of CT guidance in multimodal pain management in this population.

Effect of Oseltamivir on Catecholamines and Select Oxidative Stress Markers in the Presence of Oligoelements in the Rat Brain

David Calderón Guzmán,Ernestina Hernández García,Norma Osnaya Brizuela,Francisca Trujillo Jiménez,Gerardo Barragán Mejía,Daniel Santamaría del Ángel,Elvira Nuñez A,Liliana Carmona Aparicio,Hugo Juárez 대한약학회 2010 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.33 No.10

The effect that osteltamivir has on the metabolism of catecholamines and oxidative damage in the brains of young patients remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of oseltamivir, in the presence of oligoelements, on biogenic amines and select oxidative biomarkers in the brains of uninfected, young rats under normal conditions. The study was conducted using male Wistar rats intraperitoneally treated for three days with either a control dose of 0.9 % NaCl, oseltamivir (50 mg/kg), oligoelements (50 μL/rat), or oseltamivir (50 mg/kg) and oligoelements (50 μL/rat). The brain tissue extracted from the treated rats was used to determine the concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine, as well as the levels of GSH, lipid peroxidation, and ATPase activity. An increase in the concentration of adrenaline and noradrenaline and in the level of GSH in the group treated with oligoelements (p < 0.001) was observed, while the group treated with oseltamivir and oligoelements, the levels of dopamine increased (p < 0.001), and in the groups treated with oligoelements alone or combination with oseltamivir a decrease in lipid peroxidation was observed (p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that the consumption of oseltamivir and oligoelements induce biphasic changes in the metabolism of catecholamines; thereby, inducing a protective mechanism against oxidative damage in the brains of young rats.

SPANISH TRANSLATORS ON TWITTER : AN APPROACH TO THEIR FEELINGS AND CONCERNS

Alexandra Santamaría Urbieta 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2021 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.01

Social media has changed the way we have access to information, the way we communicate, and the way we work and study. Among the many tools at our disposal is Twitter, which is considered one of the most popular and used. Translators and interpreters of the world use this social media to solve doubts regarding their translations, share their thoughts on the profession or even post job openings. Furthermore, the lack of social gatherings in the last year has turned Twitter into an ever-growing café where we can read about the feelings of recent graduates on the job hunt and experienced translators on the low rates suggested by a client. Moreover, professors of translation recur to this tool to show students the importance of being in touch with the profession while using it in their classes. In this presentation, we will analyse three different profiles, with more than one thousand followers, on Twitter: (1) the recently graduated translator, (2) the experienced translator, and (3) the translation professor. A total of 3200 tweets, from six different Spanish profiles (two of each category), will help us understand what the feelings behind their tweets are in order to understand their current situation, features, and concerns. Will they share the same worries? Will their posts focus on the same aspects? Can we determine the situation of the profession by focusing solely on this social media? In this presentation, we will give answers to these questions, as well as focus on the importance of using these tools to keep students connected with the ever-changing world we live in.

Synergistic Effect of Trabectedin and Olaparib Combination Regimen in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Sonia Ávila-Arroyo,Gema Santamaría Nuñez,Luis Francisco García-Fernández,Carlos M. Galmarini 한국유방암학회 2015 Journal of breast cancer Vol.18 No.4

Purpose: Trabectedin induces synthetic lethality in tumor cells carrying defects in homologous recombinant DNA repair. We evaluated the effect of concomitant inhibition of nucleotide-excision repair and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity with trabectedin and PARP inhibitors, respectively, and whether the synthetic lethality effect had the potential for a synergistic effect in breast cancer cell lines. Additionally, we investigated if this approach remained effective in BRCA1-positive breast tumor cells. Methods: We have evaluated the in vitro synergistic effect of combinations of trabectedin and three different PARP inhibitors (veliparib, olaparib, and iniparib) in four breast cancer cell lines, each presenting a different BRCA1 genetic background. Antiproliferative activity, DNA damage, cell cycle perturbations and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation were assessed by MTT assay, comet assay, flow cytometry and western blot, respectively. Results: The combination of trabectedin and olaparib was synergistic in all the breast cancer cell lines tested. Our data indicated that the synergy persisted regardless of the BRCA1 status of the tumor cells. Combination treatment was associated with a strong accumulation of double-stranded DNA breaks, G2/M arrest, and apoptotic cell death. Synergistic effects were not observed when trabectedin was combined with veliparib or iniparib. Conclusion: Collectively, our results indicate that the combination of trabectedin and olaparib induces an artificial synthetic lethality effect that can be used to kill breast cancer cells, independent of BRCA1 status.

An application of screw theory to the kinematic analysis of a Delta-type robot

Jaime Gallardo-Alvarado,Albert L. Balmaceda-Santamaría,Eduardo Castillo-Castaneda 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.9

This paper reports on the kinematics of a translational parallel manipulator whose topology is close to the architecture of the famousDelta robot. The displacement analysis is presented in closed-form solution by applying a new strategy based on the unknown coordinatesof a point embedded to the moving platform. The input-output equations of velocity and acceleration of the robot are systematicallyobtained by resorting to reciprocal-screw theory. The singularities of the mechanism are explained through the input-output equation ofvelocity. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show the application of the method.

The NPR1 family of transcription cofactors in papaya: insights into its structure, phylogeny and expression

Santy Peraza-Echeverria,Jorge M. Santamaría,Gabriela Fuentes,Mariana de los Ángeles Menéndez-Cerón,Miguel Ángel Vallejo-Reyna,Virginia Aurora Herrera-Valencia 한국유전학회 2012 Genes & Genomics Vol.34 No.4

The NPR1 (non-expressor of pathogenesis related gene 1) gene was initially identified in Arabidopsis as a master regulator of the systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Five additional NPR1 homologues have been identified in Arabidopsis whose function range from regulators of SAR to plant development. In the present study, we characterized the structure, phylogeny and expression of the NPR1 family in papaya (Carica papaya L.), one of the most important tropical fruit crops. We identified four NPR1 homologues in the papaya genome sequence (CpNPR1 to CpNPR4). Overall, the four papaya predicted NPR1 proteins showed the characteristic BTB/POZ and ankyrin domains of the Arabidopsis NPR1 family. Twelve additional open reading frames showing homology to retrotransposon elements or genes involved in different physiological processes were found in close proximity to the papaya NPR1homologues. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the papaya NPR1 sequences resolved in three clades, each clade containing two Arabidopsis NPR1 homologues involved either in the positive regulation of SAR (clade I), negative regulation of SAR (clade II) or plant development (clade III), suggesting a similar function for the corresponding papaya NPR1homologues. Furthermore, the expression of the four papaya NPR1 homologues was detected in both vegetative and reproductive tissues. The present study has provided the first comparative analysis of the NPR1 family in a tropical fruit crop and expanded our knowledge on this type of genes in dicotyledoneous plants. The identification of the full set of papaya NPR1 homologues will pave the way for their systematic functional analysis and new opportunities for engineering disease resistance in this crop.

The Efficacy of Proclarix to Select Appropriate Candidates for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Derived Prostate Biopsies in Men with Suspected Prostate Cancer

Morote Juan,Campistol Miriam,Celma Anna,Regis Lucas,de Torres Inés,Semidey María E.,Roche Sarai,Mast Richard,Santamaría Anna,Planas Jacques,Trilla Enrique 대한남성과학회 2022 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.40 No.2

Purpose: To analyze how Proclarix is valuable to appropriately select candidates for multiparametric magnetic resonance im-aging (mpMRI) and derived biopsies, among men with suspected prostate cancer (PCa). Proclarix is a new marker computing the clinically significant PCa (csPCa) risk, based on serum thosmbospondin-1, cathepsin D, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and percent free PSA, in addition to age, that has been developed in men with serum PSA 2 to 10 ng/mL, prostate volume ≥35 mL, and normal digital rectal examination (DRE). Materials Materials and and Methods:Methods: Proclarix score (0%–100%) is analyzed in a prospective frozen serum collection of 517 correlative men scheduled for guided and/or systematic biopsies after mpMRI. Outcome variables were csPCa detection (grade group ≥2), insignificant PCa (iPCa) overdetection and avoided mpMRIs. Results:Results: The area under the curve of Proclarix was 0.701 (95% CI 0.637–0.765) among 281 men with serum PSA 2 to 10 ng/mL, prostate volume ≥35 mL, and -normal DRE, and 0.754 (95% CI 0.701–0.807) in the others, p=0.038. Net benefit of Pro-clarix existed in all men. After selecting 10% threshold, Proclarix was integrated in an algorithm which also used the serum PSA level and DRE. A reduction of 25.4% of mpMRIs request was observed and 17.7% of prostate biopsies. Overdetection of iPCa was reduced in 18.2% and 2.6% of csPCa were misdiagnosed. Conclusions:Conclusions: Proclarix is valuable in all men with suspected PCa. An algorithm integrating Proclarix score, serum PSA, and DRE can avoid mpMRI requests, unnecessary prostate biopsies and iPCa overdetection, with minimal loss of csPCa detection.

Definitive Closure of the Tracheoesophageal Puncture Site after Oncologic Laryngectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Joseph M. Escandón,Arbab Mohammad,Saumya Mathews,Valeria P. Bustos,Eric Santamaría,Pedro Ciudad,Hung-Chi Chen,Howard N. Langstein,Oscar J. Manrique 대한성형외과학회 2022 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.49 No.5

Tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) and voice prosthesis insertion following laryngectomy may fail to form an adequate seal. When spontaneous closure of the fistula tract does not occur after conservativemeasures, surgical closure is required. The purpose of this study was to summarize the available evidence on surgical methods for TEP site closure. A comprehensive search across PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane was performed to identify studies describing surgical techniques, outcomes, and complications for TEP closure.We evaluated the rate of unsuccessful TEP closure after surgical management. A meta-analysis with a random-effect method was performed. Thirty-four studies reporting on 144 patients satisfied inclusion criteria. The overall incidence of an unsuccessful TEP surgical closure was 6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1–13%). Subgroup analysis showed an unsuccessful TEP closure rate for silicone button of 8% (95% CI<1–43%), 7% (95% CI<1–34%) for dermal graft interposition,<1% (95%CI<1–37%) for radial forearm free flap,<1% (95% CI<1–52%) for ligation of the fistula, 17% (95% CI<1–64%) for interposition of a deltopectoral flap, 9% (95% CI<1– 28%) for primary closure, and 2% (95% CI<1–20%) for interposition of a sternocleidomastoid muscle flap. Critical assessment of the reconstructive modality should take into consideration previous history of surgery or radiotherapy. Nonirradiated fields and small defects may benefit fromfistula excision and tracheal and esophagealmultilayer closure. In cases of previous radiotherapy, local flaps or free tissue transfer yield high successful TEP closure rates. Depending on the defect size, sternocleidomastoid muscle flap or fasciocutaneous free flaps are optimal alternatives.