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Proteome Analysis of Disease Resistance against Ralstonia solanacearum in Potato Cultivar CT206-10
Park, Sangryeol,Gupta, Ravi,Krishna, R.,Kim, Sun Tae,Lee, Dong Yeol,Hwang, Duk-ju,Bae, Shin-Chul,Ahn, Il-Pyung The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.1
Potato is one of the most important crops worldwide. Its commercial cultivars are highly susceptible to many fungal and bacterial diseases. Among these, bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum causes significant yield loss. In the present study, integrated proteomics and genomics approaches were used in order to identify bacterial wilt resistant genes from Rs resistance potato cultivar CT-206-10. 2-DE and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS analysis identified eight differentially abundant proteins including glycine-rich RNA binding protein (GRP), tomato stress induced-1 (TSI-1) protein, pathogenesis-related (STH-2) protein and pentatricopeptide repeat containing (PPR) protein in response to Rs infection. Further, semi-quantitative RT-PCR identified up-regulation in transcript levels of all these genes upon Rs infection. Taken together, our results showed the involvement of the identified proteins in the Rs stress tolerance in potato. In the future, it would be interesting to raise the transgenic plants to further validate their involvement in resistance against Rs in potato.
에틸벤젠을 이용한 실리콘 산화물 음극재의 효과적인 카본 코팅 전략
이상렬(Sangryeol Lee),박성수(Seongsu Park),채수종(Sujong Chae) 한국표면공학회 2023 한국표면공학회지 Vol.56 No.1
Silicon (Si) is considered as a promising substitute for the conventional graphite due to its high theoretical specific capacity (3579 mAh/g, Li1<SUB>5</SUB>Si₄) and proper working voltage (~0.3V vs Li<SUP>+</SUP>/Li). However, the large volume change of Si during (de)lithiation brings about severe degradation of battery performances, rendering it difficult to be applied in the practical battery directly. As a one feasible candidate of industrial Si anode, silicon monoxide (SiO<SUB>x</SUB>) demonstrates great electrochemical stability with its specialized strategy, downsized Si nanocrystallites surrounded by Li<SUP>+</SUP> inactive buffer phase (Li₂O and Li₄SiO₄). Nevertheless, SiO<SUB>x</SUB> inherently has the initial irreversible capacity and poor electrical conductivity. To overcome those issues, conformal carbon coating has been performed on SiO<SUB>x</SUB> utilizing ethylbenzene as the carbon precursor of chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Through various characterizations, it is confirmed that the carbon is homogeneously coated on the surface of SiO<SUB>x</SUB>. Accordingly, the carbon-coated SiO<SUB>x</SUB> from CVD using ethylbenzene demonstrates 73% of the first cycle efficiency and great cycle life (88.1% capacity retention at 50th cycle). This work provides a promising synthetic route of the uniform and scalable carbon coating on Si anode for high-energy density.
메모리 자원 제약이 있는 애드혹 네트워크에서의 라우팅 프로토콜 제안 및 구현
홍상렬(Sangryeol Hong),정경택(Kyungtaek Chung),오득환(Duck-Hwan Oh),김시관(Si-Gwan Kim) 한국정보기술학회 2007 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.5 No.2
In this paper, we propose an efficient routing protocol for the memory-constrained ad-hoc networks. Most of the effort on the ad-hoc routing algorithms are to reduce the energy. Our proposed algorithm is based on memory capacity. Some ad-hoc network node has memory-constraint terminals. Our algorithm attempts to reduce the memory usage by maintaining the most frequently used entries when there is no sufficient table entries. In order to evaluate the performance of our protocols, we carry out simulations based on ns-2 simulator. In addition, we implemented our algorithm for AT mega128 microcontroller with CC1010 RF module for wireless communication, and we prove that our protocol is suitable for memory-constrained ad-hoc networks.
Chang, Yoonjee,Ryu, Sangryeol Springer International 2017 Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol.101 No.1
<P>Endolysin from Staphylococcus aureus phage SA97 (LysSA97) was cloned and investigated. LysSA97 specifically lyse the staphylococcal strains and effectively disrupted staphylococcal biofilms. Bioinformatic analysis of LysSA97 revealed a novel putative cell wall binding domain (CBD) as well as two enzymatically active domains (EADs) containing cysteine, histidine-dependent amidohydrolases/peptidases (CHAP, PF05257) and N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase (Amidase-3, PF01520) domains. Comparison of 98 endolysin genes of S. aureus phages deposited in GenBank showed that they can be classified into six groups based on their domain composition. Interestingly, approximately 80.61 % of the staphylococcal endolysins have a src-homology 3 (SH3, PF08460) domain as CBD, but the remaining 19.39 %, including LysSA97, has a putative C-terminal CBD with no homology to the known CBD. The fusion protein containing green fluorescent protein and the putative CBD of LysSA97 showed a specific binding spectrum against staphylococcal cells comparable to SH3 domain (PF08460), suggesting that the C-terminal domain of LysSA97 is a novel CBD of staphylococcal endolysins.</P>
( Seul I Kim ),( Sangryeol Ryu ),( Hyun Jin Yoon ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.11
Salmonella, a main cause of foodborne diseases, encounters a variety of environmental stresses and overcomes the stresses by multiple resistance strategies. One of the general responses to hyperosmotic stress is to import or produce compatible solutes so that cells maintain fluid balance and protect proteins and lipids from denaturation. The ProP and ProU systems are the main transport systems for compatible solutes. The OsmU system, recently identified as a third osmoprotectant transport system, debilitates excessive growth as well by reducing production of trehalose. We studied a fourth putative osmoprotectant transport system, YehZYXW, with high sequence similarity with the OsmU system. A Salmonella strain lacking YehZ, a predicted substrate-binding protein, did not suffer from hyperosmolarity but rather grew more rapidly than the wild type regardless of glycine betaine, an osmoprotectant, suggesting that the YehZYXW system controls bacterial growth irrespective of transporting glycine betaine. However, the growth advantage of ΔyehZ was not attributable to an increase in OtsBA-mediated trehalose production, which is responsible for the outcompetition of the ΔosmU strain. Overexpressed YehZ in trans was capable of deaccelerating bacterial growth vice versa, supporting a role of YehZ in dampening growth. The expression of yehZ was increased in response to nutrient starvation, acidic pH, and the presence of glycine betaine under hyperosmotic stress. Identifying substrates for YehZ will help decipher the role of the YehZYXW system in regulating bacterial growth in response to environmental cues.
Kim, Minsik,Ryu, Sangryeol American Society for Microbiology 2013 Journal of virology Vol.87 No.21
<P>Prophages switch from lysogenic to lytic mode in response to the host SOS response. The primary factor that governs this switch is a phage repressor, which is typically a host RecA-dependent autocleavable protein. Here, in an effort to reveal the mechanism underlying the phenotypic differences between the <I>Salmonella</I> temperate phages SPC32H and SPC32N, whose genome sequences differ by only two nucleotides, we identified a new class of <I>Podoviridae</I> phage lytic switch antirepressor that is structurally distinct from the previously reported <I>Sipho</I>- and <I>Myoviridae</I> phage antirepressors. The SPC32H repressor (Rep) is not cleaved by the SOS response but instead is inactivated by a small antirepressor (Ant), the expression of which is negatively controlled by host LexA. A single nucleotide mutation in the consensus sequence of the LexA-binding site, which overlaps with the <I>ant</I> promoter, results in constitutive Ant synthesis and consequently induces SPC32N to enter the lytic cycle. Numerous potential Ant homologues were identified in a variety of putative prophages and temperate <I>Podoviridae</I> phages, indicating that antirepressors may be widespread among temperate phages in the order <I>Caudovirales</I> to mediate a prudent prophage induction.</P>
Bacteriophage PBC1 and Its Endolysin as an Antimicrobial Agent against <i>Bacillus cereus</i>
Kong, Minsuk,Ryu, Sangryeol American Society for Microbiology 2015 Applied and environmental microbiology Vol.81 No.7
<P><I>Bacillus cereus</I> is an opportunistic human pathogen responsible for food poisoning and other, nongastrointestinal infections. Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant <I>B. cereus</I> strains, the demand for alternative therapeutic options is increasing. To address these problems, we isolated and characterized a <I>Siphoviridae</I> virulent phage, PBC1, and its lytic enzymes. PBC1 showed a very narrow host range, infecting only 1 of 22 <I>B. cereus</I> strains. Phylogenetic analysis based on the major capsid protein revealed that PBC1 is more closely related to the <I>Bacillus clarkii</I> phage BCJA1c and phages of lactic acid bacteria than to the phages infecting <I>B. cereus</I>. Whole-genome comparison showed that the late-gene region, including the terminase gene, structural genes, and holin gene of PBC1, is similar to that from <I>B. cereus</I> temperate phage 250, whereas their endolysins are different. Compared to the extreme host specificity of PBC1, its endolysin, LysPBC1, showed a much broader lytic spectrum, albeit limited to the genus <I>Bacillus</I>. The catalytic domain of LysPBC1 when expressed alone also showed <I>Bacillus</I>-specific lytic activity, which was lower against the <I>B. cereus</I> group but higher against the <I>Bacillus subtilis</I> group than the full-length protein. Taken together, these results suggest that the virulent phage PBC1 is a useful component of a phage cocktail to control <I>B. cereus</I>, even with its exceptionally narrow host range, as it can kill a strain of <I>B. cereus</I> that is not killed by other phages, and that LysPBC1 is an alternative biocontrol agent against <I>B. cereus</I>.</P>