Identification of RAPD markers linked to sex determination in guggal [Commiphora wightii (Arnott.)] Bhandari

Samantaray, Sanghamitra,Geetha, K.A.,Hidayath, K.P.,Maiti, Satyabrata The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2010 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.4 No.1

Decamer RAPD primers were tested on dioeceious and hermaphrodite plants of Commiphora wightii to identify sex-specific molecular markers. Sixty different random decamer primers were screened out of which only three primers were found to be associated with sex expression. A ~1,280-bp fragment from the primer OPN06 was found to be present in all the female individuals. Another primer OPN 16 produced a unique ~400-bp amplification product in only hermaphrodite individuals. The third marker, OPA20 amplified a ~1,140-bp fragment from female and hermaphrodite DNAs, but failed to do so from the male plant DNAs.

InBit : An Integrated Bioinformatics Toolkit for Biologists

Ranojit Sarker,Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay,Ujjal Maulik 보안공학연구지원센터 2011 International Journal of Bio-Science and Bio-Techn Vol.3 No.4

Pattern and Trends of Cancer in Odisha, India: A Retrospective Study

Hussain, Mohammad Akhtar,Pati, Sanghamitra,Swain, Subhashisa,Prusty, Minakshi,Kadam, Sridhar,Nayak, Sukdev Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

The burden of cancer is growing globally and is one of the top leading causes of death. Information on cancer patterns are essential for effective planning of cancer control interventions. There is limited published information available on pattern of cancer for the state of Odisha, India. The present study was an attempt to explore the pattern and trend of cancer in Odisha. To fulfill the objectives retrospective data available from 2001-2011 at Acharya Harihar Regional Cancer Center (AHRCC), Cuttack, Odisha, were analyzed. Medical records of cancer patients were reviewed and relevant information on diagnosis, primary site and demographic data were retrieved. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 16.0 (SPSS Inc.). A total of 74,861 cancer inpatients were registered at AHRCC for the years 2001-2011. The proportion of females outnumbered males with female:male ratio 1.1:1. The number of female cases increased four folds and that of males three fold over the period studied. Malignancies such as oral cancer (16.93%), acute lymphocytic leukemia/non Hodgkins lymphoma (14.09%) and cancer of gastrointestinal tract (21.07%) are leading cancers among males and carcinomas of breast (28.94%), cervix (23.66%) and ovary (16.11%) were leading among females. Findings from this study indicate an overall increase in cancer reporting which could be regarded as proxy measure for overall cancer situation in Odisha. There is scope and need for integrating other government hospitals, existing private health service providers and research institutions across the state for better planning of cancer control program.

People and Skills : A Potential Risk in ICT Infrastructure Management

Malaya Kumar Nayak,Sanghamitra Mohanty,Rachna Soni 보안공학연구지원센터 2011 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.5 No.3

Tobacco Control Law Enforcement and Compliance in Odisha, India - Implications for Tobacco Control Policy and Practice

Panda, Bhuputra,Rout, Anita,Pati, Sanghamitra,Chauhan, Abhimanyu Singh,Tripathy, Asima,Shrivastava, Radhika,Bassi, Abhinav Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Introduction: Tobacco use is a leading cause of deaths and disabilities in India, killing about 1.2 lakh people in 2010. About 29% of adults use tobacco on a daily basis and an additional 5% use it occasionally. In Odisha, non-smoking forms are more prevalent than smoking forms. The habit has very high opportunity cost as it reduces the capacity to seek better nutrition, medical care and education. In line with the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) is a powerful Indian national law on tobacco control. The Government of Odisha has shown its commitment towards enforcement and compliance of COTPA provisions. In order to gauge the perceptions and practices related to tobacco control efforts and level of enforcement of COTPA in the State, this cross-sectional study was carried out in seven selected districts. Materials and methods: A semi-structured interview schedule was developed, translated into Odiya and field-tested for data collection. It mainly contained questions related to knowledge on provisions of section 4-7 of COTPA 2003, perception about smoking, chewing tobacco and practices with respect to compliance of selected provisions of the Act. 1414 samples were interviewed. Results: The highest percentage of respondents was from the government departments. 73% of the illiterates consumed tobacco as compared to 34% post graduates. 52.1% of the respondents were aware of Indian tobacco control laws, while 80.8% had knowledge about the provision of the law prohibiting smoking in public places. However, 36.6% of the respondents reported that they had 'very often' seen tobacco products being sold 'to a minor', while 31.2% had seen tobacco products being sold 'by a minor'. In addition, 24.8% had 'very often' seen tobacco products being sold within a radius of 100 yards of educational institutions.

Tobacco Use and Quit Behaviour Assessment in the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS): Invalid Responses and Implications

Jena, Pratap Kumar,Kishore, Jugal,Pati, Sanghamitra,Sarkar, Bidyut Kanti,Das, Sagarika Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Background: Tobacco use and quit attempts are two key indicators of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) that assess quit attempts among current as well as former tobacco users. The relevant data have inherent policy implications for tobacco cessation programme evaluation. This study aimed to review the concepts of quit attempt assessment and quantifying invalid responses considering GATS-India data. Materials and Methods: GATS assessment of tobacco use and quit attempts were examined in the current literature. Two categories of invalid responses were identified by stratified analysis of the duration of last quit attempt among current users and duration of abstinence among former users. Category A included absolute invalid responses when time-frame of assessment of current tobacco use and less than former tobacco use were violated. Category B included responses that violated the unit of measurement of time. Results: Current daily use, current less than daily use and former use in GATS were imprecisely defined with overlapping of time-frame of assessment. Overall responses of 3,102 current smokers, 4,036 current smokeless users, 1,904 former smokers and 1,343 former smokeless users were analyzed to quantify invalid responses. Analysis indicated overall 21.2% (category A: 7.32%; category B: 17.7%) and 22.7% (category A: 8.05%; category B: 18.1%) invalid responses among current smokers and smokeless users respectively regarding their duration of last quit attempt. Similarly overall 6.62% (category A: 4.7%; category B: 2.3%) and 10.6% (category A: 8.6%; category B: 3.5%) invalid responses were identified among former smokers and smokeless users respectively regarding their duration of abstinence. Conclusions: High invalid responses for a single assessment are due to the imprecise definition of current use, former use and quit attempt; and failure to utilize opportunity of direct data entry interface use during the survey to validate responses instantly. Redefining tobacco use and quit attempts considering an appropriate timeframe would reduce invalid responses.

Lymphocyte Image Segmentation Using Functional Link Neural Architecture for Acute Leukemia Detection

Subrajeet Mohapatra,Dipti Patra,Sunil Kumar,Sanghamitra Satpathy 대한의용생체공학회 2012 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.2 No.2

Purpose Microscopic examination of stained blood slides is an indispensable technique for hematological disease recognition. Diagnosis based on human visual interpretation is often subjected to inter and intra observer variations,slowness, tiredness and operator experience. Accurate and authentic diagnosis of hematological neoplasia is essential in the planning of suitable surgery and chemotherapy. This paper aims at proposing a fast and simple framework for lymphocyte image segmentation. Methods Accurate segmentation of lymphocyte is essential as it facilitates automated leukemia detection in blood microscopic images. In this paper image segmentation is considered as a pixel classification problem and a novel neural architecture is employed to classify each pixel into cytoplasm, nucleus or background region. The network tuned for a set of images works well for other similar stained blood images. Results Comparative analysis with other standard techniques reveals that the proposed scheme outperforms its counterparts in terms of nucleus and cytoplasm extraction. Conclusions In this work, a neural network based lymphocyte image segmentation scheme is designed for automated leukemia detection. Desired segmentation accuracy in terms of nucleus and cytoplasm extraction is always high in automated disease recognition system and is achieved through the proposed scheme.

Binding of EBP50 to Nox organizing subunit p47^<i>phox</i> is pivotal to cellular reactive species generation and altered vascular phenotype

Al Ghouleh, Imad,Meijles, Daniel N.,Mutchler, Stephanie,Zhang, Qiangmin,Sahoo, Sanghamitra,Gorelova, Anastasia,Henrich Amaral, Jefferson,Rodré,í,guez, André,s I.,Mamonova, Tatyana,So National Academy of Sciences 2016 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol.113 No.36

<P>Despite numerous reports implicating NADPH oxidases (Nox) in the pathogenesis of many diseases, precise regulation of this family of professional reactive oxygen species (ROS) producers remains unclear. A unique member of this family, Nox1 oxidase, functions as either a canonical or hybrid system using Nox organizing subunit 1 (NoxO1) or p47(phox), respectively, the latter of which is functional in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). In this manuscript, we identify critical requirement of ezrin-radixin-moesin-binding phosphoprotein 50 (EBP50; aka NHERF1) for Nox1 activation and downstream responses. Superoxide (O-2(center dot-)) production induced by angiotensin II (AngII) was absent in mouse EBP50 KO VSMC vs. WT. Moreover, ex vivo incubation of aortas with AngII showed a significant increase in O-2(center dot-)-in WT but not EBP50 or Nox1 nulls. Similarly, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress was attenuated in femoral arteries from EBP50 KO vs. WT. In silico analyses confirmed by confocal microscopy, immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation assay, FRET, and gain-/ loss-of-function mutagenesis revealed binding of EBP50, via its PDZ domains, to a specific motif in p47(phox). Functional studies revealed AngII-induced hypertrophy was absent in EBP50 KOs, and in VSMC overexpressing EBP50, Nox1 gene silencing abolished VSMC hypertrophy. Finally, ex vivo measurement of lumen diameter in mouse resistance arteries exhibited attenuated AngII-induced vasoconstriction in EBP50 KO vs. WT. Taken together, our data identify EBP50 as a previously unidentified regulator of Nox1 and support that it promotes Nox1 activity by binding p47(phox). This interaction is pivotal for agonist-induced smooth muscle ROS, hypertrophy, and vasoconstriction and has implications for ROS-mediated physiological and pathophysiological processes.</P>