Resonant coherent phonon spectroscopy of single-walled carbon nanotubes

Sanders, G. D.,Stanton, C. J.,Kim, J.-H.,Yee, K.-J.,Lim, Y.-S.,Há,roz, E. H.,Booshehri, L. G.,Kono, J.,Saito, R. American Physical Society 2009 Physical review. B, Condensed matter and materials Vol.79 No.20

Hormesis as a Confounding Factor in Epidemiological Studies of Radiation Carcinogenesis

Sanders Charles L. The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2006 방사선방어학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Biological mechanisms for ionizing radiation effects are different at low doses than at high doses. Radiation hormesis involves low-dose-induced protection and high-dose-induced harm. The protective component is associated with a reduction in the incidence of cancer below the spontaneous frequency, brought about by activation of defensive and repair processes. The Linear No-Threshold (LNT) hypothesis advocated by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and the Biological Effects of ionizing Radiation (BEIR) Report VII for cancer risk estimations Ignores hormesis and the presence of a threshold. Cancer incidences significantly less than expected have been found in a large number of epidemiological studies including, airline flight personnel, inhabitants of high radiation backgrounds, shipyard workers, nuclear site workers in scores of locations throughout the world, nuclear power utility workers, plutonium workers, military nuclear test site Participants, Japanese A-bomb survivors, residents contaminated by major nuclear accidents, residents of Taiwan living in $^{60}Co$ contaminated buildings, fluoroscopy and mammography patients, radium dial painters, and those exposed to indoor radon. Significantly increased cancer was not found at doses <200 $mSv^*$. Evidence for radiation hormesis was seen in both sexes for acute or chronic exposures, low or high LET radiations, external whole- or partial body exposures, and for internal radionuclides. The ubiquitous nature of the Healthy Worker Effect (HWE)-like responses in cellular, animal and epidemiological studies negates the HWE as an explanation for radiation hormesis. The LNT hypothesis is wrong and does not represent the true nature of the dose-response relationship, since low doses or dose-rates commonly result in thresholds and reduce cancer incidences below the spontaneous rate. Radiation protection organizations should seriously consider the cost and health implications of radiation hormesis.

THE COSMIC EVOLUTION OF LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES: STRONG INTERACTIONS/MERGERS OF GAS-RICH DISKS

SANDERS D. B. The Korean Astronomical Society 2003 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.36 No.3

Deep surveys at mid-infared through submillimeter wavelengths indicate that a substantial fraction of the total luminosity output from galaxies at high redshift (z > 1) emerges at wavelengths 30 - 300${\mu}m$. In addition, much of the star formation and AGN activity associated with galaxy building at these epochs appears to reside in a class of luminous infrared galaxies (LIGs), often so heavily enshrouded in dust that they appear as 'blank-fields' in deep optical/UV surveys. Here we present an update on the state of our current knowledge of the cosmic evolution of LIGs from z = 0 to z $\~$ 4 based on the most recent data obtained from ongoing ground-based redshift surveys of sources detected in ISO and SCUBA deep fields. A scenario for the origin and evolution of LIGs in the local Universe (z < 0.3), based on results from multiwavelength observations of several large complete samples of luminous IRAS galaxies, is then discussed.

Menthol to Induce Non-shivering Thermogenesis via TRPM8/PKA Signaling for Treatment of Obesity

Sanders Owen Davis,Rajagopal Jayalekshmi Archa,Rajagopal Lekshmy 대한비만학회 2021 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.30 No.1

Increasing basal energy expenditure via uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent non-shivering thermogenesis is an attractive therapeutic strategy for treatment of obesity. Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channel activation by cold and cold mimetics induces UCP1 transcription and prevents obesity in animals, but the clinical relevance of this relationship remains incompletely understood. A review of TRPM8 channel agonism for treatment of obesity focusing on menthol was undertaken. Adipocyte TRPM8 activation results in Ca2+ influx and protein kinase A (PKA) activation, which induces mitochondrial elongation, mitochondrial localization to lipid droplets, lipolysis, β-oxidation, and UCP1 expression. Ca2+-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species activate UCP1. In animals, TRPM8 agonism increases basal metabolic rate, non-shivering thermogenesis, oxygen consumption, exercise endurance, and fatty acid oxidation and decreases abdominal fat percentage. Menthol prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and liver triacylglycerol accumulation. Hypothalamic TRPM8 activation releases glucagon, which activates PKA and promotes catabolism. TRPM8 polymorphisms are associated with obesity. In humans, oral menthol and other TRPM8 agonists have little effect. However, topical menthol appears to increase core body temperature and metabolic rate. A randomized clinical control trial of topical menthol in obese patients is warranted.

PREVENTION OF CIGARETTE SMOKE INDUCED LUNG CANCER BY LOW LET IONIZING RADIATION

Sanders, Charles L. Korean Nuclear Society 2008 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.40 No.7

Lung cancer is the most prevalent global cancer, ${\sim}90%$ of which is caused by cigarette smoking. The LNT hypothesis has been inappropriately applied to estimate lung cancer risk due to ionizing radiation. A threshold of ${\sim}1\;Gy$ for lung cancer has been observed in never smokers. Lung cancer risk among nuclear workers, radiologists and diagnostically exposed patients was typically reduced by ${\sim}40%$ following exposure to <100 mSv low LET radiation. The consistency and magnitude of reduced lung cancer in nuclear workers and occurrence of reduced lung cancer in exposed non-worker populations could not be explained by the HWE. Ecologic studies of indoor radon showed highly significant reductions in lung cancer risk. A similar reduction in lung cancer was seen in a recent well designed case-control study of indoor radon, indicating that exposure to radon at the EPA action level is associated with a decrease of ${\sim}60%$ in lung cancer. A cumulative whole-body dose of ${\sim}1\;Gy$ gamma rays is associated with a marked decrease in smoking-induced lung cancer in plutonium workers. Low dose, low LET radiation appears to increase apoptosis mediated removal of $\alpha$-particle and cigarette smoke transformed pulmonary cells before they can develop into lung cancer.

Current Trends in Social Work in International Perspective

Sanders, Daniel S. Korean Academy of Social Welfare 1982 한국사회복지학 Vol.3 No.-

Creating a Hybrid Model of Online Teaching for the Covid-19 Era

David Sanders 미래영어영문학회 2020 미래영어영문학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2020 No.12

The Perceptions and Effects of Sleep Deprivation in a Department of Anesthesiology

Megan Sanders,Helen Perrie,Juan Scribante, 대한수면학회 2018 sleep medicine research Vol.9 No.1

Background and ObjectiveaaSleep deprivation has multiple pathophysiological, psychological and cognitive effects. The effects of sleep deprivation on anesthetists have been recognized both within and outside of the workplace. This study investigated the perceived effects of sleep deprivation on anesthetists. To document the longest time spent without sleep due to work schedule, to describe the perceptions of the effects of sleep deprivation and the degree of sleepiness and daytime fatigue symptoms using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and to describe measures taken by anesthetists to overcome sleepiness. MethodsaaA prospective, contextual, descriptive research design was followed for the study. A convenience sample of anesthetists completed a questionnaire regarding perceptions and effects of sleep deprivation and the ESS. Data were descriptively analyzed. ResultsaaThe mean [standard deviation (SD)] longest time spent without sleep due to work schedule was 31 (9.1) hours and all anesthetists felt that they had insufficient sleep due to work schedule, with 61 (57%) stating this occurred 1 to 2 nights per week. Effects of sleep deprivation included effects on academic development, feeling tired at work, difficulty in concentrating at work and feeling stressed or irritable. Dozing off in theatre both during a night call and a day shift at different frequencies were reported. Other effects on family and social life were described. The mean (SD) ESS score was 11.5 (4.4). ConclusionsaaAnesthetists reported perceptions of inadequate sleep and the subsequent effects both at work and at home. Further research to determine the extent of sleep deprivation amongst anesthetists in South Africa is suggested.

통합적 STEM 교육: 최근 동향 및 쟁점

( Mark Sanders ),권혁수 ( Hyuk Soo Kwon ),박경숙 ( Kyung Suk Park ),이효녕 ( Hyo Nyong Lee ) 경북대학교 중등교육연구소 2011 중등교육연구 Vol.59 No.3

통합적 STEM 교육은 지난 반세기에 걸쳐 미국교육에서 되풀이되고 있는 하나의 통합교육 접근이라 할 수 있다. 이 연구는 통합적 STEM 교육에 대한 최근의 동향과 쟁점을 밝히는데 그 목적이 있다. 이 연구에서는 통합적 STEM 교육의 최근 동향으로 역사적 사례의 발견, 교육 혁신과 교육과정 표준운동 측면에서 살펴보았다. 또한, 통합적 STEM 교육의 핵심적인 주제로 설계기반 교수법과 K-12에서의 공학교육 운동에 대해 논의하고 있다. 구체적으로, 미국에서 최초로 통합적 STEM 교육의 대학원 학위과정인 버지니아 공대의 통합적 STEM 교육 프로그램의 기반과 실천에 대하여 기술하였다. 이 연구는 통합적 STEM 교육의 맥락에서 적절한 문헌의 체계적 고찰과 교육적인 실천에 대한 서술에 기반하고 있다. 첫째로, K-12 교육에서 수학과 과학적 원리와 과정을 공학적 문제의 맥락에서 가르치려는 생각은 결코 새로운 것은 아니다. 나폴레옹 학교, 칼빈 우드워드, 그리고 존 듀이는 통합적 STEM 교육을 위한 선택적인 선례라고 할 수 있다. 둘째, 과학, 기술, 수학의 국가와 주 교육 기준들은 통합적 STEM 교육을 위한 생각을 포함하고 있다. 셋째, K-12 교육에서 통합적 STEM 교육과정을 개발하려는 계속적인 노력이 있어 왔다. 마지막으로 통합적 STEM 교육을 정의하고, 통합적 STEM 교육 대학원 프로그램을 시작하고, 그리고 그것을 발전시키려는 실천적인 노력들이 또한 이 연구에서 서술되고 있다. 이러한 연구의 결과에 기반하여, 이 연구는 통합적 STEM 교육과 관련된 연구와 실천에 몇 가지 제언 또는 함의를 제공하고 있다. 충분히 견고한 통합적 모델을 만들기 위한 연구들은 통합적 STEM 교육을 실현하는데 교사의 준비와 학생들의 평가를 고려하는 맥락에서 실현되어야 한다. Integrative STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics)education has been a recurring idea in American education over the past half-century. The purpose of this study is to identify contemporary trends and issues relating to integrative STEM education, using examples such as the selected historical precedents, STEM Education reform literature, the national and state STEM education standards movement, and STEM education curriculum efforts. Design-based pedagogy and engineering concepts in the K-12 education movement are also discussed as key issues of integrative STEM education. Moreover, this study describes the background and practices developed by the Integrative STEM Education program at Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University(Virginia Tech), which launched the first STEM education graduate program in the U.S. focusing on integrative approaches to STEM education. This study is based on a systematic review of the relevant literature and a narrative of unique educational practices regarding integrative STEM education. Several general trends and issues are addressed. First, the idea of teaching mathematics and science principles and processes in the context of engineering design/problem solving is not altogether new in K-12 education. Napoleon`s School for Industry, Calvin Woodward`s use of model-building to improve mathematics teaching and learning, and John Dewey`s educational philosophy stressing experiential learning in real-world setting. Second, STEM educational reform documents and national and state educational standards of science, technology, and mathematics explicitly recommend integrative approaches to STEM education. Third, STEM education curriculum developers have been developing and testing integrative STEM curriculum materials over the past two decades. Lastly, this study sought to describe the practical efforts of defining integrative STEM education and its many attributes, launching an integrative STEM education graduate program, and other integrative STEM education-related activities. This paper concludes with a discussion of the implementations of the findings presented and recommendations relating to continued implementation and research on integrative STEM Education practices. Research to develop sufficiently robust integrative models should be implemented in the context of integrative STEM teacher` preparation, and assessments of student cognitive and affective learning outcomes, such as achievement, interest, and motivation.

JSA_조엘 샌더스 건축사무소

조엘 샌더스 건축사무소(Joel Sanders Architect) 현대건축사 2014 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.182