Efficacy of Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride for Relieving Chronic Tinnitus: A Randomized Double-Blind Study

Tolgar Lütfi Kumral,Güven Yıldırım,Güler Berkiten,Ziya Saltürk,Enes Ataç,Yavuz Atar,Yavuz Uyar 대한이비인후과학회 2016 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.9 No.3

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of trimetazidine dihydrochloride as a treatment for chronic tinnitus. Methods: A total of 97 chronic tinnitus patients were evaluated in this randomized, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. After assessing for eligibility, 82 patients were randomly assigned into placebo or trimetazidine groups according to the medication. The trimetazidine group received 20×3 mg/day per oral trimetazidine dihydrochloride and the placebo group received 20×3 mg/day per oral placebo for 3 months. Tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), visual analogue scale (VAS) questionnaires and audiometric results were used to determine the effectiveness of trimetazidine treatment. Results: The study group comprised 82 tinnitus subjects, 42 (51%) of whom received trimetazidine dihydrochloride and 40 (49%) who received placebo. There was no significant difference between placebo and trimetazidine groups in THI grade and VAS (both pre- and posttreatment scores) (P>0.05) and no significant improvement was observed in subjective loudness score in either group (P>0.05). Additionally there was no significant difference between groups in pre- and posttreatment pure tone hearing thresholds at all measured frequencies (P>0.05). Conclusion: Trimetazidine dihydrochloride therapy was ineffective for relieving chronic tinnitus.

Identification and Characterization of a Putative Baculoviral Transcriptional Factor IE-1 from Choristoneura fumiferana Granulovirus

( Salt Celik ),( Ahmet Ozkaya ) 생화학분자생물학회 2002 BMB Reports Vol.35 No.6

A gene that encodes a protein homologue to baculoviral IE-1 was identified and sequenced in the genome of the Choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (ChfuGV). The gene has an 1278 nucleotide (nt) open-reading frame (ORF) that encodes 426 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 50.33 kDa. At the nucleotide level, several cis-acting regulatory elements were detected within the promoter region of the ie-1 gene of ChfuGV along with other studied granuloviruses (GVs). Two putative CCAAT elements were detected within the noncoding leader region of this gene; one was located on the opposite strand at -92 and the other at -420 nt from the putative start triplet. Two baculoviral late promoter motifs (TAAG) were also detected within the promoter region of the ie-1 gene of ChfuGV. A single polyadenylation signal, AATAAA, was located 18nt downstream of the putative translational stop codon of ie-1 from ChfuGV. At the protein level, the amino acid sequence data that was derived from the nucleotide sequence in ChfuGV IE-1 was compared to those of the Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV), Xestia c-nigrum granulovirus (XcGV) and Plutella xylosteila granulovirus (PxGV). The C-terminal regions of the granuloviral IE-1 sequences appeared to be more conserved when compared to the N-terminal regions. A domain, similar to the basic helix-loop-helix like (bHLH-like) domain in NPVs, was detected at the C-terminal region of IE-1 from ChfuGV (residues 387 to 414). A phylogenetic tree for baculoviral IE-1 was constructed using a maximum parsimony analysis, A phylogenetic estimation demonstrates that ChfuGV IE-1 is most closely related to that of CpGV.

Effects of Intraperitoneally Administered Lipoic Acid, Vitamin E, and Linalool on the Level of Total Lipid and Fatty Acids in Guinea Pig Brain with Oxidative Stress Induced by H2O2

( Salt Celik ),( Ahmet Ozkaya ) 생화학분자생물학회 2002 BMB Reports Vol.35 No.6

The aim of our study to investigate the protective effects of intraperitoneally-administrated vitamin E, dlalpha lipoic acid, and linalool on the level of total lipid and fatty acid in guinea pig brains with oxidative stress that was induced by H_2O_2. The total brain lipid content in the H_2O_2 group decreased when compared to the H_2O_2 + vitamin E (p<0.05), H_2O_2 + linalool (p<0.05), ALA (p<0.05), control (p<0.01), linalool (p<0.01), and vitamin E (p<0.01) groups. While the proportion of total saturated fatty acid (∑SFA) in the H_2O_2 group significantly increased (p<0.005) when compared to the vitamin E group, it only slightly increased (p<0.01) when compared to the control and H_2O_2 vitamin E groups. The ratio of the total unsaturated fatty acid (∑USFA) in the H_2O_2 groups was lower (p<0.05) than the control, vitamin E, and H_2O_2 + vitamin E groups. The level of the total polyunsaturated fatty acid (∑PUFA) in the H_2O_2 group decreased in when compared to the control, vitamin E, and H_2O_2 + vitamin E groups. While the proportion of the total w3 (omega 3), w6 (omega 6), and PUFA were found to be lowest in the H_2O_2 group, they were slightly increased (p<0.05) in the lipoic acid group when compared to the control and H_2O_2 + lipoic acid groups. However, the level of ∑SFA in the H_2O_2 group was highest; the level of ∑USFA in same group was lowest. As the proportion of ∑USFA and ∑PUFA were found to be highest in the linalool group, they were decreased in the H_2O_2 group when compared to the control group. Our results show that linalool has antioxidant properties, much the same as vitamin E and lipoic acid, to prevent lipid peroxidation. Additionally, vitamin E, lipoic acid, and linalool could lead to therapeutic approaches for limiting damage from oxidation reaction in unsaturated fatty acids, as ell as for complementing existing therapy for the treatment of complications of oxidative damage.

Modelling the capture of spray droplets by barley

D. W. Salt,S.J. Cox,B.E. Lee,M.G. Ford 한국풍공학회 2002 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.5 No.2

Supplementary Cooling of Office Buildings Using Planar Heat Pipe Panels

P. C. Bandopadhayay,H. Salt,J. G. Symons,P. W. Cleary,A. N. Stokes 대한기계학회 1993 International Symposium on Transport Phenomena in Vol.1 No.1

An Approach Based on an Adaptive Multi-rate Smith Predictor and Gain Scheduling for a Networked Control System: Implementation over Profibus-DP

Angel Cuenca,Julián Salt,Vicente Casanova,Ricardo Pizá 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2010 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.8 No.2

This paper presents a control strategy to face time-varying delays induced in a Networked Control System (NCS). The delay is divided into two parts: the largest one (an integer multiple of the bus cycle) is compensated by means of an adaptive multi-rate Smith predictor, and the smallest one (whose value is strictly smaller than the bus cycle) via a gain scheduling approach based on root locus contour and linearization techniques. The gains to be scheduled belong to a multi-rate PID controller. Control system stability is studied by means of Lyapunov theory. Simulation results and the implementation on a test-bed Profibus-DP environment illustrate that this control structure can maintain NCS performance and stability, despite the considered delays.

Modelling the capture of spray droplets by barley

Cox, S.J.,Salt, D.W.,Lee, B.E.,Ford, M.G. Techno-Press 2002 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.5 No.2

This paper presents some of the results of a project whose aim has been to produce a full simulation model which would determine the efficacy of pesticides for use by both farmers and the bio-chemical industry. The work presented here describes how crop architecture can be mathematically modelled and how the mechanics of pesticide droplet capture can be simulated so that if a wind assisted droplet-trajectory model is assumed then droplet deposition patterns on crop surfaces can be predicted. This achievement, when combined with biological response models, will then enable the efficacy of pesticide use to be predicted.

A Non-Uniform Predictor-Observer for a Networked Control System

Angel Cuenca,Pedro García,Pedro Albertos,Julián Salt 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2011 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.9 No.6

This paper presents a Non-Uniform Predictor-Observer (NUPO) based control approach in order to deal with two of the main problems related to Networked Control Systems (NCS) or Sensor Networks (SN): time-varying delays and packet loss. In addition, if these delays are longer than the sampling period, the packet disordering phenomenon can appear. Due to these issues, a (scarce) non-uniform, delayed measurement signal could be received by the controller. But including the NUPO proposal in the control system, the delay will be compensated by the prediction stage, and the non-available data will be reconstructed by the observer stage. So, a delay-free, uniformly sampled controller design can be adopted. To ensure stability, the predictor must satisfy a feasibility problem based on a time-varying delay-dependent condition expressed in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI). Some aspects like the relation between network delay and robustness/performance trade-off are empirically studied. A simulation example shows the benefits (robustness and control performance improvement) of the NU-PO approach by comparison to another similar proposal.

Responses to Enteric Motor Neurons in the Gastric Fundus of Mice With Reduced Intramuscular Interstitial Cells of Cajal

( Kenton M Sanders ),( Anna K Salte ),( Grant W Hennig ),( Sang Don Koh ),( Brian A Perrino ),( Sean M Ward ),( Salah A Baker ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2014 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.20 No.2

Background/Aims Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) play important functions in motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract. The role of ICC as pacemakers is well established, however their participation in neurotransmission is controversial. Studies using mutant animals that lack ICC have yielded variable conclusions on their importance in enteric motor responses. The purpose of this study was to: (1) clarify the role of intramuscular ICC (ICC-IM) in gastric motor-neurotransmission and (2) evaluate remodeling of enteric motor responses in W/WV mice. Methods Kit immunohistochemistry and post-junctional contractile responses were performed on fundus muscles from wild type and W/WV mice and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to evaluate differences in muscarinic and neurokinin receptor expression. Results Although ICC-IM were greatly reduced in comparison with wild-type mice, we found that ICC-IM persisted in the fundus of many W/WV animals. ICC-IM were not observed in W/WV group 1 (46%) but were observed in W/WV group 2 (40%). Evoked neural responses consisted of excitatory and inhibitory components. The inhibitory component (nitrergic) was absent in W/WV group 1 and reduced in W/WV group 2. Enhanced excitatory responses (cholinergic) were observed in both W/WV groups and qPCR revealed that muscarinic-M3 receptor expression was significantly augmented in the W/WV fundus compared to wild type controls. Conclusions This study demonstrates that ICC-IM mediate nitrergic inhibitory neurotransmission in the fundus and provides evidence of plasticity changes in neuronal responses that may explain discrepancies in previous functional studies which utilized mutant animals to examine the role of ICC-IM in gastric enteric motor responses. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014;20:171-184)

Novel Biomarkers for Prediction of Response to Preoperative Systemic Therapies in Gastric Cancer

Cavaliere, Alessandro,Merz, Valeria,Casalino, Simona,Zecchetto, Camilla,Simionato, Francesca,Salt, Hayley Louise,Contarelli, Serena,Santoro, Raffaela,Melisi, Davide The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2019 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.19 No.4

Preoperative chemo- and radiotherapeutic strategies followed by surgery are currently a standard approach for treating locally advanced gastric and esophagogastric junction cancer in Western countries. However, in a large number of cases, the tumor is extremely resistant to these treatments and the patients are exposed to unnecessary toxicity and delayed surgical therapy. The current clinical trials evaluating the combination of preoperative systemic therapies with modern targeted and immunotherapeutic agents represent a unique opportunity for identifying predictive biomarkers of response to select patients that would benefit the most from these treatments. However, it is of utmost importance that these potential biomarkers are corroborated by extensive preclinical and translational research. The aim of this review article is to present the most promising biomarkers of response to classic chemotherapeutic, anti-HER2, antiangiogenic, and immunotherapeutic agents that can be potentially useful for personalized preoperative systemic therapies in gastric cancer patients.