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Yin, Jinlong,Oh, Young Taek,Kim, Jeong-Yub,Kim, Sung Soo,Choi, Eunji,Kim, Tae Hoon,Hong, Jun Hee,Chang, Nakho,Cho, Hee Jin,Sa, Jason K.,Kim, Jeong Cheol,Kwon, Hyung Joon,Park, Saewhan,Lin, Weiwei,Naka American Association for Cancer Research 2017 Cancer research Vol.77 No.18
<P>Inhibition of a cellular enzyme that blocks the conversion from nonmesenchymal to mesenchymal forms of glioblastoma may prevent recurrence and resistance to radiation therapy, the latter of which continues to pose a major clinical challenge.</P><P>Necrosis is a hallmark of glioblastoma (GBM) and is responsible for poor prognosis and resistance to conventional therapies. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying necrotic microenvironment-induced malignancy of GBM have not been elucidated. Here, we report that transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) is upregulated in the perinecrotic region of GBM and triggered mesenchymal (MES) transdifferentiation of glioma stem cells (GSC) by regulating master transcription factors (TF), such as C/EBPβ, TAZ, and STAT3. TGM2 expression was induced by macrophages/microglia-derived cytokines via NF-κB activation and further degraded DNA damage–inducible transcript 3 (GADD153) to induce C/EBPβ expression, resulting in expression of the MES transcriptome. Downregulation of TGM2 decreased sphere-forming ability, tumor size, and radioresistance and survival in a xenograft mouse model through a loss of the MES signature. A TGM2-specific inhibitor GK921 blocked MES transdifferentiation and showed significant therapeutic efficacy in mouse models of GSC. Moreover, TGM2 expression was significantly increased in recurrent MES patients and inversely correlated with patient prognosis. Collectively, our results indicate that TGM2 is a key molecular switch of necrosis-induced MES transdifferentiation and an important therapeutic target for MES GBM. <I>Cancer Res; 77(18); 4973–84. ©2017 AACR</I>.</P>
Yu Yin,Tae-Heum Shim,Jae-Hoon Sa,Jayant Lohakare,Myeong-Hyeon Wang 한국원예학회 2010 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.51 No.2
The roots of Codonopsis lanceolata, well-known for their medicinal value, are normally used as herbal and tonic drug in Korea. The present study investigated the chemical composition and bioactivity of two varieties of Codonopsis lanceolata collected from Ulleung-do (UC) and Jeju-do (JC) regions of Korea, and also the relationship between the nutritive components of each variety was established. Protein content varied from 2.37% in UC to 2.88% in JC. Carbohydrate, protein, fat and ash contents were higher in JC variety than UC and the carbohydrate content was higher to other chemical constituents. In addition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of water and ethanol extractions from two varieties of Codonopsis lanceolata were indirectly detected. Ethanol extraction from JC showed better activity than UC through 1,1-diphenyl-2-pricylhydrazyl free radical scavenging assay (IC<SUB>50</SUB>=337.09 ± 3.81 ㎍?mL<SUP>-1</SUP>), measurement of nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells and anti-proliferation activity in human colon cancer cells (HT-29). It was concluded that C. lanceolata collected from Jeju-do exhibited beneficial nutritional components and significant bioactivities than that collected from Ulleung-do.
Experimental Study on the Monotonic and Cyclic Behavior of Carbonate Sand in the South China Sea
Xin Liu,Sa Li,Lan Lin,Tingting Li,Jiangsong Yin 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.9
Carbonate soils have specific properties that differ from those of siliceous sand. The monotonic and cyclic behavior of carbonate sand from Jinqing Island in the South China Sea was examined by undrained monotonic and cyclic simple shear tests in this paper. The monotonic test results show that the phase transformation state friction angle is 25.7o, and the critical state friction angle decreases from 38.7o to 37.3o due to particle crushing. By comparing the experimental data from the monotonic and cyclic tests, we found that the trend of the peak shear stress ratio with shear strain in each cycle of cyclic tests was close to that of monotonic tests. If the cyclic stress ratio of symmetrical cyclic tests is normalized with the phase transformation strengths obtained by the corresponding monotonic tests, it has a good relationship with the number of cycles at failure and is not affected by the relative density and vertical consolidation stress. The effects of the relative density, vertical consolidation stress and initial static shear stress on the undrained cyclic strength are discussed. Finally, a comparison of the undrained cyclic strength of carbonate sand from different regions shows that different carbonate sands have almost identical undrained cyclic strength under the medium dense state, but significant quantitative differences are observed between these carbonate sands under the dense state.
Human Liver Specific Transcriptional Factor TCP10L Binds to MAD4
( Dao Jun Jiang ),( Hong Xiu Yu ),( Sa Yin Hexige ),( Ze Kun Guo ),( Xiang Wang ),( Li Jie Ma ),( Zheng Chen ),( Shou Yuan Zhao ),( Long Yu ) 생화학분자생물학회 2004 BMB Reports Vol.37 No.4
A human gene T-complex protein 10 like (TCP10L) was cloned in our lab. A previous study showed that it expressed specifically in the liver and testis. A transcription experiment revealed that TCP10L was a transcription factor with transcription inhibition activity. In this study, the human MAD4 was identified to interact with TCP10L by a yeast two-hybrid screen. This finding was confirmed by immunoprecipitation and subcellular localization experiments. As MAD4 is a member of the MAD family, which antagonizes the functions of MYC and promotes cell differentiation, the biological function of the interaction between TCP10L and MAD4 may be to maintain the differentiation state in liver cells. Also, we propose that the up-regulation of Myc is caused by the down-regulation of TCPIOL in human hepatocarcinomas.
Human Liver Specific Transcriptional Factor TCP10L Binds to MAD4
Jiang, Dao-Jun,Yu, Hong-Xiu,Hexige, Sa-Yin,Guo, Ze-Kun,Wang, Xiang,Ma, Li-Jie,Chen, Zheng,Zhao, Shou-Yuan,Yu, Long Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2004 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.37 No.4
A human gene T-complex protein 10 like (TCP10L) was cloned in our lab. A previous study showed that it expressed specifically in the liver and testis. A transcription experiment revealed that TCP10L was a transcription factor with transcription inhibition activity. In this study, the human MAD4 was identified to interact with TCP10L by a yeast two-hybrid screen. This finding was confirmed by immunoprecipitation and subcellular localization experiments. As MAD4 is a member of the MAD family, which antagonizes the functions of MYC and promotes cell differentiation, the biological function of the interaction between TCP10L and MAD4 may be to maintain the differentiation state in liver cells. Also, we propose that the up-regulation of Myc is caused by the down-regulation of TCP10L in human hepatocarcinomas.