Overexpression of Anthocyanin Regulatory Transcription Factors Enhance Salt Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Torenia

Rundong Zhao,Junping Xu,Chang Kil Kim 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10

Previous studies have found that anthocyanin-enrich plants improve their abiotic tolerance, but anthocyanin-enriched torenia response to salt stress and its tolerance mechanisms still unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether the anthocyanin transcription factors overexpressing could contribute to salt stress tolerance using lines (RS3-16 and RS7) expressing RsMYB1, lines (BM5 and BM11) expressing mPAP1+B-Peru and wide-type (WT) plants. Soluble protein content, superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) activity and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured to evaluate the tolerance to salt stress. Surprisingly, we found that RsMYB1 and mPAP1+B-Peru overexpressing significantly decreased the cell membrane structure damage under salt stress, enhanced the activities of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes and accelerated the removal of reactive oxygen species and H2O2, which could improve tolerance to salt stress. In summary, the overexpression of anthocyanin transcription factors RsMYB1 and mPAP1+B-Peru enhanced the tolerance of torenia to salt stress.

Effect of chlorine, sulfur and phosphor on Zn transformati on during thermal treatment of sewage sludge

( Rundong Li ),( Yanlong Li ),( Zongliang Chen ),( Haijun Zhang ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2023 I-CIPEC Vol.2012 No.0

Sputum Autoantibodies Are More Relevant in Autoimmune Responses in Asthma than Are Serum Autoantibodies

Rundong Qin,Fei Long,Xiaojun Xiao,Jing Xiao,Zhengyu Zheng,Mulin Feng,Renbin Huang,Tao Peng,Jing Li 대한천식알레르기학회 2019 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.11 No.3

Purpose: The data on the differences between sputum autoantibodies (Sp-Abs) and serum autoantibodies (Se-Abs) in reflection of autoimmune responses to lungs is still lacking. Methods: Ten types of Abs were investigated in matched Se and Sp samples collected from recruited subjects. Correlations between Ab levels and airway inflammatory parameters and measures of pulmonary function were assessed. The network-based and inter-correlated analysis was performed to explore the patterns of Sp- and Se-Ab profiles. Results: Fifty stable asthmatic patients and 24 healthy volunteers were recruited for our study, 15 with mild asthma, 18 with moderate asthma and 17 with severe asthma. The concentrations of Sp-Ab against U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (Sp-anti-U1-SnRNP), Sp-Ab against Smith antigen and Se-Ab against thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) in severe asthmatics and Sp-anti-U1-SnRNP in moderate asthmatics were significantly higher compared to healthy controls and mild asthmatic subjects (P < 0.05). Sp-anti-U1-SnRNP levels were positively correlated with the dose of inhaled corticosteroids, Sp eosinophil counts and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (r = 0.326, P = 0.022; r = 0.356, P = 0.012; r = 0.241, P = 0.025, respectively) and negatively correlated with Sp neutrophil counts (r = −0.308, P = 0.031) with adjustment for age. Spearman's correlation matrix showed multiple inter-correlations among Sp-Abs and Se-Abs (P < 0.05) while only the levels of Ab against DNA topoisomerase and anti-TPO in Se were correlated with those Sp-Ab counterparts (P < 0.05). The network-based analysis defined 2 clusters: clusters 1 and 2 contained 10 Sp-Abs and 10 Se-Abs, respectively. Conclusions: This study observes that Sp-Abs are more associated with clinical parameters and the severity of disease in asthma compared to Se-Abs. Targeting on Sp-Abs which are the hallmark of the localized autoimmune event might help us better understand the role of autoimmunity in the pathological mechanism of asthma. Keywords: Asthma; autoimmunity; autoantibodies; sputum; se

Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of a Mn-Doped InSe/WSe2 van der Walls Heterostructure: First Principles Calculations

Liang Rundong,Zhao Xiuwen,Hu Guichao,Yue Weiwei,Yuan Xiaobo,Ren Junfeng 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.7

InSe-based van der Walls heterostructures (vdWHs) have attracted research interests recently because of their particular properties. In this work, the electronic structure and the optical properties of Mn-doped InSe/WSe2 vdWHs are investigated by using first-principles calculations. Mn doping in InSe/WSe2 vdWHs induces an increase in the system's band gap. The optical properties of the vdWHs are also studied, and the absorption intensity of Mn-doped InSe/WSe2 is found to be enhanced in the near-infrared and ultraviolet regions. In addition, built-in electric fields are generated in InSe/WSe2 and Mn-doped InSe/WSe2, which can inhibit recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. This work predicates the feasibility of enhancing the optical properties in InSe/WSe2 vdWHs by introducing dopants, which extends the applications of InSe materials in the field of optoelectronics.

Overexpression of anthocyanin regulatory transcription factors can alleviate salt stress-induced growth inhibition in torenia ‘Kauai Rose’

ZHAO RUNDONG,Naing Aung Htay,Xu Junping,김창길 한국식물생명공학회 2023 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.17 No.2

The role of anthocyanins in alleviating salt stress-induced plant growth inhibition has been reported in several plant species. Despite several studies on anthocyanin synthesis in torenia, the role of anthocyanins in salt stress tolerance remains unexplored. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate whether anthocyanin-rich transgenic torenia ‘Kauai Rose’ lines (RS3, RS7, BM5, and BM7), which were overexpressed with anthocyanin regulatory transcription factors (TFs) (RsMYB1 or B-Peru + mPAP1), have a greater tolerance to salt stress than wild type (WT) by determining various factors associated with salt stress. Under salt stress conditions, all transgenic plants grew better than their WT counterparts, indicating greater tolerance to salt stress. This increased tolerance was associated with the presence of higher levels of enzymatic antioxidants, such as superoxidase dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, as well as higher levels of soluble proteins and lower levels of malondialdehyde in transgenic plants. Furthermore, transgenic plants controlled stomatal opening to reduce water loss during the stress period; however, this phenomenon was not observed in WT plants during the early stress period. The results revealed that anthocyanins can alleviate salt stress-induced plant growth inhibition in torenia. Therefore, generation of anthocyanin-enriched plants through overexpression of anthocyanin regulatory TFs is an alternative approach for the development of salt stress-tolerant plants.

Effect of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Immunotherapy on Upper and Lower Airway Eosinophilic Inflammatory Response to Nasal Allergen Challenge

Renbin Huang,Rundong Qin,Qiurong Hu,Zheng Zhu,YuKai Liu,Tian Luo,Jing Li 대한천식알레르기학회 2020 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.12 No.5

Purpose: It remains unknown whether allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) could attenuate airway inflammatory response triggered by allergen exposure. Methods: We performed Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der-p) nasal provocation tests (NPTs) in allergic rhinitis (AR) and/or asthma patients without AIT (non-AIT), or at 16, 52, 104, or 156 weeks after Der-p AIT. Rhinitis and asthma visual analog scale (VAS; VAS of nasal symptoms [VAS-NS], VAS of asthma symptoms), the rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ), nasal lavage, sputum induction, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), nasal airway resistance, pulmonary function, and airway hyperresponsiveness were performed before and after NPT. Results: Non-AIT subjects demonstrated significantly higher VAS-NS before and after NPT compared to AIT subjects (P < 0.05). NPT response was positive in 14 (100%) non-AIT, 7 (70%) 16 weeks-AIT, 6 (60%) 52 weeks-AIT, 6 (60%) 104 weeks-AIT, and 2 (20%) 156 weeks-AIT subjects. The NPT grade significantly correlated with AIT duration and baseline RQLQ score (r = −0.561, P < 0.001 and r = 0.525, P < 0.001, respectively). Sputum and nasal lavage eosinophil count, and FeNO in non-AIT subjects were significantly increased 6 hours after NPT (P < 0.05). AIT subjects did not change their sputum or nasal lavage eosinophil count before and after NPT. Subjects with 156 weeks-AIT demonstrated significantly lower levels of sputum and nasal lavage eosinophil count before and after NPT when compared with non-AIT patients (P < 0.05). Sputum eosinophil counts positively correlated with nasal lavage eosinophil counts at baseline and 6 hours after NPT (r = 0.719, P = 0.006 and r = 0.823, P < 0.001, respectively) in non-AIT patients. Conclusion: Our results show that AIT can attenuate both upper and lower airway immune response to nasal allergen exposure in patients with AR and/or asthma.

Research of the Mechanism of Low Frequency Oscillation Based on Dynamic Damping Effect

Wenying Liu,Rundong Ge,Dandan Zhu,Weizhou Wang,Wei Zheng,Fuchao Liu 대한전기학회 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.4

For now, there are some low frequency oscillations in the power system which feature low frequency oscillation with positive damping and cannot be explained by traditional low frequency oscillation mechanisms. Concerning this issue, the dynamic damping effect is put forward on the basis of the power-angle curve and the study of damping torque in this article. That is, in the process of oscillation, damping will dynamically change and will be less than that of the stable operating point especially when the angle of the stable operating point and the oscillation amplitude are large. In a situation with weak damping, the damping may turn negative when the oscillation amplitude increases to a certain extent, which may result in an amplitude-increasing oscillation. Finally, the simulation of the two-machine two-area system verifies the arguments in this paper which may provide new ideas for the analysis and control of some unclear low frequency phenomena.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of Lichen Substances against Plant Pathogens

Jaycee A. Paguirigan,Rundong Liu,Seong Mi Im,Jae-Seoun Hur,Wonyong Kim 한국식물병리학회 2022 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.38 No.1

Plant pathogens pose major threats on agriculture and horticulture, causing significant economic loss worldwide. Due to the continuous and excessive use of synthetic pesticides, emergence of pesticide resistant pathogens has become more frequent. Thus, there is a growing needs for environmentally-friendly and selective antimicrobial agents with a novel mode of action, which may be used in combination with conventional pesticides to delay development of pesticide resistance. In this study, we evaluated the potentials of lichen sub- stances as novel biopesticides against eight bacterial and twelve fungal plant pathogens that have historically caused significant phytopathological problems in South Korea. Eight lichen substances of diverse chemical ori- gins were extracted from axenic culture or dried speci- men, and further purified for comparative analysis of their antimicrobial properties. Usnic acid and vulpinic acid exhibited strong antibacterial activities against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. In addition, usnic acid and vulpinic acid were highly effective in the growth inhibition of fungal pathogens, such as Diaporthe eres, D. actinidiae, and Sclerotinia sclerotio- rum. Intriguingly, the growth of Rhizoctonia solani was specifically inhibited by lecanoric acid, indicating that lichen substances exhibit some degrees of selectivity to plant pathogens. These results suggested that lichen substance can be used as a selective biopesticide for controlling plant disease of agricultural and horticul- tural significance, minimizing possible emergence of pesticide resistant pathogens in fields.

Research of the Mechanism of Low Frequency Oscillation Based on Dynamic Damping Effect

Liu, Wenying,Ge, Rundong,Zhu, Dandan,Wang, Weizhou,Zheng, Wei,Liu, Fuchao The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.4

For now, there are some low frequency oscillations in the power system which feature low frequency oscillation with positive damping and cannot be explained by traditional low frequency oscillation mechanisms. Concerning this issue, the dynamic damping effect is put forward on the basis of the power-angle curve and the study of damping torque in this article. That is, in the process of oscillation, damping will dynamically change and will be less than that of the stable operating point especially when the angle of the stable operating point and the oscillation amplitude are large. In a situation with weak damping, the damping may turn negative when the oscillation amplitude increases to a certain extent, which may result in an amplitude-increasing oscillation. Finally, the simulation of the two-machine two-area system verifies the arguments in this paper which may provide new ideas for the analysis and control of some unclear low frequency phenomena.

Role of Dehydrocorybulbine in Neuropathic Pain After Spinal Cord Injury Mediated by P2X4 Receptor

Wang, Zhongwei,Mei, Wei,Wang, Qingde,Guo, Rundong,Liu, Peilin,Wang, Yuqiang,Zhang, Zijuan,Wang, Limin Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2019 Molecules and cells Vol.42 No.2

Chronic neuropathic pain is one of the primary causes of disability subsequent to spinal cord injury. Patients experiencing neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury suffer from poor quality of life, so complementary therapy is seriously needed. Dehydrocorybulbine is an alkaloid extracted from Corydalis yanhusuo. It effectively alleviates neuropathic pain. In the present study, we explored the effect of dehydrocorybulbine on neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury and delineated its possible mechanism. Experiments were performed in rats to evaluate the contribution of dehydrocorybulbine to P2X4 signaling in the modulation of pain-related behaviors and the levels of pronociceptive interleukins and proteins after spinal cord injury. In a rat contusion injury model, we confirmed that chronic neuropathic pain is present on day 7 after spinal cord injury and P2X4R expression is exacerbated after spinal cord injury. We also found that administration of dehydrocorybulbine by tail vein injection relieved pain behaviors in rat contusion injury models without affecting motor functions. The elevation in the levels of pronociceptive interleukins ($IL-1{\beta}$, IL-18, MMP-9) after spinal cord injury was mitigated by dehydrocorybulbine. Dehydrocorybulbine significantly mitigated the upregulation of P2X4 receptor and reduced ATP-evoked intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration. Both P2XR and dopamine receptor2 agonists antagonized dehydrocorybulbine's antinociceptive effects. In conclusion, we propose that dehydrocorybulbine produces antinociceptive effects in spinal cord injury models by inhibiting P2X4R.