<부록> 『예수셩교문답』 (1885년 판본) 전문

John Ross 한국교회사학회 2023 韓國敎會史學會誌 Vol.66 No.-

소련의 지방자치 : 집행 및 통제상의 문제 Problem of Implementation and Control

Ross, Cameron 연세대학교 도시문제연구소 1991 地域社會開發論叢 Vol.2 No.-

Cameron Ross, Local Government in the Soviet Union: Problems of Implementation and control, Croom Helm, London & Sydney, 1987.

로스 킹(Ross King) - 서울: 기억, 재탄생, 한류 -

로스 킹(Ross King),최성진(Sung Jin Choi) 국토연구원 2016 국토 : planning and policy Vol.418 No.-

A CULTURALAND SOCIALIZATION UNDERSTANDING OF CONSUMER SHOPPING MOTIVES IN THE CREATION OF STORE ATTACHMENT

Jong-Kuk Shin,MinKyung Moon,Min-Sook Park,Corey Allen Ross,Yong Ju 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2017 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2017 No.07

Socialization agents are an important aspect of a consumer's tool set for determining how they interact with the market environment. These agents are traditionally thought to be members of one's family, peers, and mass media (Bush, Smith, and Martin 1999; John 1999). Research as shown how socialization agents play an important role in marketing research and how they affect attitude formation (Shin, Ross, and Moon, 2015) and brand/store switching behaviors (Shin, Park, and Ross, 2012). Culture defines social norms and forms what are acceptable or even desirable consumption goods within a society (Kaltcheva and Weitz, 2006). Through this definition, one can assume that culture likely has significant influences on a consumer’s shopping motives. Previous researches have attempted to divide culture into dimensions of vertical/horizontal and collectivism/individualism; where vertical individualism is made up of individuals who attempt to stand out from others in their uniqueness via competitive natures, a focus on success and achievements, and acquisition of power; horizontal individualism consists of individuals who tend to shun successful people as boasters and consider values of modesty respectable while retaining their individuality and personal goals apart from comparing to others around them; vertical collectivists are those who recognize a hierarchal form of society and seek to maintain the consistency of traditional authority structures within it; and horizontal collectivists hold views less related to hierarchal recognition and more related to values of equal cooperation with an honest and direct demeanor (Shavitt, Lalwani, Zhang, and Torelli, 2006; Kurman and Sriram, 2002; Triandris and Gelfland, 1998). However, the operational items utilized in research surveys, while successful in the west, such as in the U.S., have struggled to stand out and show significance in the Korean society. This research attempts to provide more useful survey items that embrace each aspect of culture type more clearly in order to reach levels of significance and distinction that are sorely needed in this field. In South Korea, which is thought to be a predominantly collectivist culture (Hofstede, 2001; Rhee, Uleman, and Lee, 1996), a study of discount shoppers found they are inclined to shop for the purpose of socialization either because they enjoy being in a crowd or to compare their current social status level with other shoppers in the same store (Jin and Kim, 2003). Collectivist consumers tend to shop with others among their social circles and spend more time shopping (Ackerman and Tellis, 2001). Consumers that spend more time shopping are more proactive in obtaining information while they are shopping (Bellenger and Korgaonkar, 1980). Risk averse shoppers attempt to increase their market knowledge (Mano and Elliott, 1997), and collectivists are thought to be more risk averse and attempt to avoid risk through various methods, such as price signaling (Shannon and Mandhachitara, 2008). In China, a largely collectivist society, consumers are quite price conscious and focused on thrifty spending habits (Kim, Forsythe, Gu, and Moon, 2002; Zhang, 2001; Weidenbaum, 1996), and they are more likely to engage in obtaining product information during shopping ventures than their individualist American counterparts (Ackerman and Tellis, 2001). Jin and Kim (2003) suggested that Korean shoppers are socially motivated to shop in order to compare their levels of accomplishments with other shoppers in the same venues. This falls in line with a competitive nature distinct in vertical culture types. Verticality in culture values is related to competition and moving up the social latter, while horizontal cultural values denote a more cooperative and passive stance on standing out (Triandis and Gelfand, 1998). It seems logical to assume that vertical culture values tend toward more hedonistic values rather than utilitarian. Utilitarian shoppers are more concerned about price competitiveness and convenience when shopping (Jin and Kim, 2003), implying that individuals of a horizontal cultural nature are more concerned with price comparison and the places that conveniently provide them with information needed to make purchase decisions in the store rather than through external information search, such as through social interactions. When shoppers lack socialization agents or collective cultures to help them make purchase decisions, they must turn to the stores themselves for assistance and information acquisition. Studies have shown that a lack of social interaction creates feelings of loneliness in elderly shoppers, whom will then turn to various mall shopping motivations, such as service consumption and diversion, in order to alleviate their loneliness (Kim, Kang, and Kim, 2005). This suggests that the shopping motivation to interact with service personnel in stores acts as a substitute for situations where socialization agents are lacking. Shopping malls have been shown to be help mitigate feelings of social isolation and emotional disconnect from society (Forman and Sriram, 1991; Mochis, 1996; Kang and Ridgway, 1996). As collectivists tend to highly desire social interactions for a variety of reasons, it is quite likely that such interactions will be a driving factor for their motivation to shop, especially when they lack the appropriate socialization agents that will provide the means to give such interactions outside of the market. Customer satisfaction leads customers to stronger emotional attachments to the stores they are satisfied with, implying that individuals form social bonds with the stores themselves; and this, in turn, increases the likelihood of these individuals becoming regular patrons (Shin and Park, 2014). There are a variety of shopping motives that have been used for studies in previous researches. In this research, we take a look at the motivations of social interaction (Tauber, 1972), information seeking (Bellenger and Korgaonkar, 1980), and price comparison (Groeppel-Klein, Thelen, and Antretter, 1999), and how they are affected by socialization agents, both personal and non-personal, as well as culture type and how they influence an individual's likelihood of emotional attachment to stores.

Coaches` satisfaction with their athletic partnerships

Ross Lorimer 한국코칭능력개발원 2009 International Journal of Coaching Science Vol.3 No.2

The Moon Reflected in a Thousand Rivers: Literary and Linguistic Problems in Worinch'on'gang chi kok

( Ross King ) 성균관대학교 동아시아학술원 2018 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.18 No.1

Despite its importance as one of the very first literary works written using the newly invented Korean script in mid-15th century Choson, the Worinch'on'gang chi kok 月印千江之曲 (Songs of the moon reflected in a thousand rivers; henceforth, Wol kok) has been little studied or appreciated, especially in English. This paper surveys the scholarly literature to date on both literary and linguistic problems in the Wol kok and suggests that the relative paucity of literary research on this work as compared to studies of a linguistic nature is due to the general difficulty of understanding the text without a detailed knowledge of both Middle Korean and Buddhism (and especially the biography of the Buddha). After outlining some of the debates about the authorship, original language, and relative chronology of the Wol kok vis-a-vis the Yongbioch'on ka and the Sokpo sangjol, the bulk of the paper focuses on one pesky grammatical issue in Middle Korean (defined here as the language of the 15th and 16th centuries) as exemplified in the Wol kok: the alternation of -·ke-/-·Ge- vs. -·e- in certain verb endings. I propose a new approach to transitivity in Middle Korean based on Hopper and Thompson's (1980) notion of "discourse transitivity" and show how a treatment of -·ke-/-·Ge- as "Low Transitive" and -·e- as "High Transitive" improves on earlier analyses of this alternation and also helps our understanding (and translations) of the Wol kok.

Part 1. Naval Balance In Northeast Asia : The Changing Maritime Security Equation in the North Pacific -Chapter 1

( Ross Babbage ) 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 1990 East and West Studies Series Vol.15 No.-

Dancing with the Stars

Ross A. Miller,Randall G. Bowdish,Kim Gang-Hoon(김강훈) 한국정치학회 2011 한국정치학회보 Vol.45 No.6

한반도는 주요충돌이 일어날 몇몇 지역 중 하나라는 사실에 대해 그 어느 누구도 의심하지 않을 것이다. 이와 관련해서, 본 연구의 목적은 기존에 논의되어지고 있는 국제관계이론들을 중심으로 북한과 남한의 충돌에 대한 역동성을 탐구하는 것이다. 이를 위해 국제관의 네 개의 일반적 설명(즉, 세력전이론, 상호관계론, 삼각성, 그 리고 상호의존성)을 평가하였다. 1991년부터 2004년 동안 월별데이터를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 도출했다. 한반도의 남북관계를 설명하는데 있어 삼각성과 세력전이론이 설득력을 가졌다. 반면, 전통적 상호의존성과 상호관계론은 한반도의 남북관계를 설명하는데 있어 설득력이 떨어졌다. No one doubts that the Korean peninsula is one of only a few locations where a major conflict could break out. Regarding this, the main purpose of this paper is to explore the dynamics of the conflict between North and South Korea. It evaluates four general explanations of international interactions: power, reciprocity, triangularity, and interdependence. Based on an analysis of monthly data for the period 1991-2004, the most support is found for triangularity and power arguments; little evidence is found to support traditional interdependence or reciprocity explanations in North-South Korea relations.

최소 사전정보를 이용한 주파수 영역 항공 전자탐사 자료의 HOLISTIC 역산

( Ross Brodie ),( Malcoim Sambridge ) 한국지구물리탐사학회 2009 지구물리와 물리탐사 Vol.12 No.1

CONTENTS : ARTICLES ; Ditching "Diglossia": Describing Ecologies of the Spoken and Inscribed in Pre-modern Korea

( Ross King ) 성균관대학교 동아시아학술원 2015 Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies Vol.15 No.1

This paper critiques previous research about the relationship between speech and writing in East Asia in general, and in Korea in particular, with a view to two questions of terminology: how to refer to the complex ecology of spoken and written language in pre-20th century Korea, and how to refer to the broader East Asian cultural formation of which Korea was a part. Following the seminal work of Sheldon Pollock on the ‘Sanskrit Cosmopolis,’ the author proposes the term ‘Sinographic Cosmopolis’ for the regions of East Asia that used Literary Sinitic and sinographs, and presents arguments suggesting that the term ‘diglossia’ has little or no utility in discussing ecologies of speech and writing, whether in pre-modern Korea or in the broader Sinographic Cosmopolis.