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A meningococcal B vaccine induces cross-protection against gonorrhea
Rolando Felipe Ochoa Azze 대한백신학회 2019 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.8 No.2
Purpose: Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae share between 80% and 90% of their genetic sequence. Meningococcal serogroup B vaccines based on outer membrane vesicles—such as VA-MENGOC-BC—could cross-protect against gonorrhea. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence rates of gonorrhea and other sexually transmitted diseases with respect to the use of the VA-MENGOC-BC vaccine. Materials and Methods: Health statistics between 1970 and 2017 were reviewed and the incidence of meningococcal disease and sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea, syphilis, condyloma acuminatum, hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus infection) were analyzed during the pre- and post-vaccination periods. Gonorrhea incidence was also analyzed by age groups. Results: VA-MENGOC-BC was successfully used to control a meningococcal epidemic in Cuba. The strategy to combat the epidemic was carried out in two stages. The first one was a nationwide mass-vaccination campaign from 1989 to 1990, targeting the population at highest-risk aged 3 months to 24 years. During the second stage, begun in 1991, it was included in the Expanded Immunization Program. Gonorrhea incidence increased from 1970 to 1989. However, after the VA-MENGOC-BC massive vaccination campaign a sharp decrease of gonorrhea incidence was observed. It lasted between 1989 and 1993. A second incidence peak was detected in 1995, but it dropped again. Data clearly show a decline in the incidence of gonorrhea following massive vaccination, in contrast with other sexually transmitted diseases. Incidence rates in unvaccinated age groups also decreased, probably due to herd immunity. Conclusion: There is evidence that VA-MENGOC-BC could induce a moderate protection against gonorrhea.
Tenure Security and Well-being of Indigenous Communities in the Uplands
Rolando T. Bello,Amelia L. Bello 한국무역연구원 2010 The International Academy of Global Business and T Vol.6 No.1
Indigenous peoples belong to the marginalized sector of society. They are characterized by a host of attributes, foremost of which are limited income opportunities and lack of access to basic services. These concerns, in addition, are particularly important for the Indigenous Peoples because they occupy ancestral lands for which they claim ownership. For the Indigenous Peoples, land, culture and life are intertwined and inseparable. Thus, the different and often times conflicting perspectives and values attached to the same parcel of land give rise to problems and abuses.
Rolando T. Bello,Amelia L. Bello 한국무역연구원 2012 The International Academy of Global Business and T Vol.8 No.2
The paper illustrates the transition process faced by a multipurpose cooperative operating in an agrarian reform community as it evolves into an agri-business enterprise. The cooperative is considered an agrarian reform beneficiary organization, having been formed by agrarian reform beneficiaries. The cooperative is proposing to grow abaca and use it in the making of slippers. A needs assessment framework was utilized.
Improved predictive model to the cross-sectional resistance of CFT
Iman Mansouri,Rolando Chacón,허종완 대한기계학회 2017 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.31 No.8
This paper proposes an improved theoretical prediction equation for Concrete-filled steel tubes (CFT) subjected to compressive forces. This ultimate load capacity is inferred from a database of 344 experimental results reported in the literature by using Gene expression programming (GEP). Moreover, a series of structural comparisons between design provisions, other mechanically-derived expressions and the proposed prediction are addressed. The levels of accuracy, practical use and phenomenological understanding of the phenomenon are pinpointed. The results obtained are in good agreement with both the experimental and theoretical predictions. Advantages and disadvantages of such type of predictions are pinpointed.
How the COVID-19 pandemic affected the severity and clinical presentation of diverticulitis
Sara S. Soliman,Rolando H. Rolandelli,Grace C. Chang,Amanda K. Nemecz,Zoltan H. Nemeth 대한장연구학회 2023 Intestinal Research Vol.21 No.4
Background/Aims: Single-institution studies showed that patients presented with more severe diverticulitis and underwent more emergency operations during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, we studied this trend using nationwide data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database.Methods: Patients (n = 23,383) who underwent a colectomy for diverticulitis in 2018 (control year) and 2020 (pandemic year) were selected. We compared these groups for differences in disease severity, comorbidities, perioperative factors, and complications.Results: During the pandemic, colonic operations for diverticulitis decreased by 13.14%, but the rates of emergency operations (17.31% vs. 20.04%, <i>P</i>< 0.001) and cases with a known abscess/perforation (50.11% vs. 54.55%, <i>P</i>< 0.001) increased. Likewise, the prevalence of comorbidities, such as congestive heart failure, acute renal failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and septic shock, were higher during the pandemic (<i>P</i>< 0.05). During this same period, significantly more patients were classified under American Society of Anesthesiologists classes 3, 4, and 5, suggesting their preoperative health states were more severe and life-threatening. Correspondingly, the average operation time was longer (<i>P</i>< 0.001) and complications, such as organ space surgical site infection, wound disruption, pneumonia, acute renal failure, septic shock, and myocardial infarction, increased (<i>P</i>< 0.05) during the pandemic.Conclusions: During the pandemic, surgical volume decreased, but the clinical presentation of diverticulitis became more severe. Due to resource reallocation and possibly patient fear of seeking medical attention, diverticulitis was likely underdiagnosed, and cases that would have been elective became emergent. This underscores the importance of monitoring patients at risk for diverticulitis and intervening when criteria for surgery are met.
Sungjae Ohn,Nidhi Haryani,Rolando Burgos,Dushan Boroyevich 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5
An adoption of SiC device brings benefits on performances of three-phase photovoltaic (PV) inverters. As the switching loss of SiC devices is concentrated at a turn-on instant, triangular conduction mode (TCM) can be utilized to achieve zerovoltage switching (ZVS) for SiC-MOSFETs thus minimizing the switching energy. When the three-phases are coupled through a neutral point of the load, the dynamics of three-phases interact with each other. Such a coupling complicates conventional current-control methods based on a single-phase TCM inverter to be extended to the three-phase applications. In this paper, a simplified digital closed-loop control for three-phase TCM inverter has been presented. A new reference frame has been proposed based on the conduction-mode with a simple conductionmode decision method. Issues for the current control on the proposed reference frame are identified, and an architecture for the current controller has been investigated. The proposed control architecture has been experimentally verified with three-phase three-level 40 kW PV inverter with a digital control board with TMS320F28343.
Xuning Zhang,Dushan Boroyevich,Rolando Burgos 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6
This paper presents a hybrid modulation method to limit the neutral point (NP) voltage ripple and reduce the requirement for dc link capacitors during the startup process for three level motor drive systems. The neutral point voltage calculation model is presented to study the large NP voltage ripple for three level modulation during the startup process. Moreover, the possible overvoltage issue on the semiconductors considering the different switching speed of the devices for two level modulation in three level NPC converters is analyzed in detail. To avoid such overvoltage on the semiconductors, zero neutral point voltage ripple modulation (ZNPVR) method is proposed to limit the NP voltage ripple when the output fundamental frequency is low. The implementation method of the proposed method is discussed in detail. When the output fundamental frequency is high, the modulation can smoothly transit to normal NTSV modulation for lower current ripple and higher efficiency. Both simulation and experimental results are shown to verify the analysis based on a 3 kW three level VSI dc-fed motor drive system.