http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Three-Dimensional Bioprinting Scaffolding for Nasal Cartilage Defects: A Systematic Review
Chiesa-Estomba Carlos M.,Aiastui Ana,González-Fernández Iago,Hernáez-Moya Raquel,Rodiño Claudia,Delgado Alba,Garces Juan P.,Paredes-Puente Jacobo,Aldazabal Javier,Altuna Xabier,Izeta Ander 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2021 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.18 No.3
BACKGROUND: In recent years, three-dimensional (3D)-printing of tissue-engineered cartilaginous scaffolds is intended to close the surgical gap and provide bio-printed tissue designed to fit the specific geometric and functional requirements of each cartilage defect, avoiding donor site morbidity and offering a personalizing therapy. METHODS: To investigate the role of 3D—bioprinting scaffolding for nasal cartilage defects repair a systematic review of the electronic databases for 3D-Bioprinting articles pertaining to nasal cartilage bio-modelling was performed. The primary focus was to investigate cellular source, type of scaffold utilization, biochemical evaluation, histological analysis, in-vitro study, in-vivo study, animal model used, length of research, and placement of experimental construct and translational investigation. RESULTS: From 1011 publications, 16 studies were kept for analysis. About cellular sources described, most studies used primary chondrocyte cultures. The cartilage used for cell isolation was mostly nasal septum. The most common biomaterial used for scaffold creation was polycaprolactone alone or in combination. About mechanical evaluation, we found a high heterogeneity, making it difficult to extract any solid conclusion. Regarding biological and histological characteristics of each scaffold, we found that the expression of collagen type I, collagen Type II and other ECM components were the most common patterns evaluated through immunohistochemistry on in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Only two studies made an orthotopic placement of the scaffolds. However, in none of the studies analyzed, the scaffold was placed in a subperichondrial pocket to rigorously simulate the cartilage environment. In contrast, scaffolds were implanted in a subcutaneous plane in almost all of the studies included. CONCLUSION: The role of 3D—bioprinting scaffolding for nasal cartilage defects repair is growing field. Despite the amount of information collected in the last years and the first surgical applications described recently in humans. Further investigations are needed due to the heterogeneity on mechanical evaluation parameters, the high level of heterotopic scaffold implantation and the need for quantitative histological data. BACKGROUND: In recent years, three-dimensional (3D)-printing of tissue-engineered cartilaginous scaffolds is intended to close the surgical gap and provide bio-printed tissue designed to fit the specific geometric and functional requirements of each cartilage defect, avoiding donor site morbidity and offering a personalizing therapy. METHODS: To investigate the role of 3D—bioprinting scaffolding for nasal cartilage defects repair a systematic review of the electronic databases for 3D-Bioprinting articles pertaining to nasal cartilage bio-modelling was performed. The primary focus was to investigate cellular source, type of scaffold utilization, biochemical evaluation, histological analysis, in-vitro study, in-vivo study, animal model used, length of research, and placement of experimental construct and translational investigation. RESULTS: From 1011 publications, 16 studies were kept for analysis. About cellular sources described, most studies used primary chondrocyte cultures. The cartilage used for cell isolation was mostly nasal septum. The most common biomaterial used for scaffold creation was polycaprolactone alone or in combination. About mechanical evaluation, we found a high heterogeneity, making it difficult to extract any solid conclusion. Regarding biological and histological characteristics of each scaffold, we found that the expression of collagen type I, collagen Type II and other ECM components were the most common patterns evaluated through immunohistochemistry on in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Only two studies made an orthotopic placement of the scaffolds. However, in none of the studies analyzed, the scaffold was placed in a subperichondrial pocket to rigorously simulate the cartilage environment. In contrast, scaffolds were implanted in a subcutaneous plane in almost all of the studies included. CONCLUSION: The role of 3D—bioprinting scaffolding for nasal cartilage defects repair is growing field. Despite the amount of information collected in the last years and the first surgical applications described recently in humans. Further investigations are needed due to the heterogeneity on mechanical evaluation parameters, the high level of heterotopic scaffold implantation and the need for quantitative histological data.
Design of Electric Power Steering System for a Self-Driving Car
Rodi Hartono(허르토노 로디),Tshibang Patrick A Kalend(트쉬벵 패트릭 에칼렌드),Hyun-Rok Cha(차현록),Kyoo-Jae Shin(신규재) 대한전자공학회 2023 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.6
This paper presents the design of a proportionalintegral-derivative (PID) control algorithm for the electric power steering system (EPS) for a selfdriving car. The system comprises of a steering rack with a brushless direct current (BLDC) motor as an actuator, utilizing the six-step trapezoidal as commutation method. To observe the electrical and mechanical model of the EPS, an identification system is employed. The results show that the PID control algorithm provides a stable and accurate steering response met the design criterion.
正四角 실린더 後流에서 亂流 Vortex Shedding에 관한 實驗的 硏究
W.Rodi,박종호 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1990 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.5 No.1
The objective of this study is to extend the flow field data base and to study in detail the seperation and the vortex formation and shedding process behind the square cylinder. We are interested to determine the Strouhal number as a function of Reynolds number by power spectra from measured hot-film and pressure tranducer, and to experiment the velocity distributions and flow patterns by 2 channel laser velocimeter measurement technique. Experiments on the vortex shedding frequencies, global mean velocities and global mean fluctuation velocities distribution were conducted in closed water tunnel. The results show how Strouhal number was about 0.12 in the range of Reynolds number between 8×10²and 1×10?.