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윤학로 ( Hak Ro Yoon ) 한국불어불문학회 1996 불어불문학연구 Vol.32 No.1
La plupart des oeuvres de Marivaux fut longtemps mal compris. On lui a reproche´ l`affe´terie, la me´taphyique du coeur, le pre´cieux, tout ce qui se re´suma vers 1760 dans la notion de marivaudage. En outre, Voltaire a violemment accuse´ de peser des riens avec des balances en toile d`arraigne´e. Mais avec Jacques Copeau et son disciple Xavier de Courville s`amorce la re´habilitation de Marivaux. Ils consacrent leurs the´a^tre a` la re´ve´lation des come´dies oublie´es, par exemple Surprises de l`amour, Triomphe de l`amour, Prince trauesti. Par conse´quent, ils de´couvrent l`ampleur et la diversite´ de Marivaux. Jean Rousset remarque que le double registre apparai^t comme constante, et qu`il soutient les romans aussi bien que les pie`ces du the´a^tre. Selon le constat de Rousset, nous faisons des efforts d`analyser deux the`mes, `le the´a^tre dans le the´a^tre` et `le masque`. Le premier, qui a enchasse´ l`illusion dans l`illusion, devient la re´alite´; le deuxie`me voit le vrai visage en levant le masque. Mais les deux faces ne sont pas comple`tement bloque´s, par contraire la communication d`entre deux est e´videmment vive. Les acteurs vont et viennent librement aux deux niveaux; l`acteur du the´a^tre enchassant devient l`acteur-spectateur du the´a^tre enchasse´. Les mai^tres jouent les ro^les des valets, et vice versa. Puis les personnages comprennent le secret de l`e^tre. Cette re´flexion sur l`e^tre s`unissant a` celle du the´a^tre, le the´a^tre de Marivaux se de´roule a` la fois dans le jeu la recherche de l`amour et de la ve´rite´ et le moyen re´ve´lateur de la ve´rite´.
『 피가로의 결혼 』 , < 광기의 하루 > 그리고 쉐뤼벵
윤학로 한국불어불문학회 2000 불어불문학연구 Vol.44 No.1
Si, chez Molie`re, le sous-titre donnait un e´clairage supple´mentaire sur le titre, chez Beaumarchais, surtout dans le Mariage de Figaro, il dit autre chose que le titre. Ainsi chacune des trois affiches, Le Mariage de Figaro, La Folle Journe´e, L'Epoux Suborneur montrent le foisonnement et lea complexite´ de cette come´die. L'Epoux Suborneur, c'est un 'vrai' titre qui met en avant le personnage du Comte Almaviva et a son but morale. Et le Mariage de Figaro, c'est le titre qui met en avant le personnage de Figaro et nous rame`ne a` le fameux intrigue, le mariage de Figaro avec Suzanne. Les deux titres dirigent toute notre attention sur le Comte Almaviva et Figaro. A l'inverse, dans la Folle Journe´e, personne n'a pris la de´cision de mettre en avant quel personnage. Selon Lemmonier-Delpy, la folie pourrait qualifier le de´sordre qui re`gne cette come`die et e^tre aussi le bouleversement social qui a lieu en ce jour de mariage. Nous y rencontrons un personnage inde´cis, inde´termine´, l'adolescent Che´rubin. Il ne sait plus ce qu'il est. Il s'e´lance a` tout e´ve´nement. Il est le symbole du de´sordre et de la folie. Il joue dans l'action le ro^le du re´ve´lateur. Devant lui, les mensonges s'effacent. Avec le fameux monologue de Figaro(V. 3), l'e´rotisme immanent, repre´sente´ par les objets ruban de nuit, e´pingle, etc., entre la comtesse et Che´rubin prend un aspect explosif et re´volte´. Ainsi la Folle Journe´e et Che´rubin repre´sentent l'atomosphe`re obscure et le caracte`re 'se´ditieux' de cette oeuvre.
李學魯 대구사학회 2004 대구사학 Vol.76 No.-
Nowadays, the study of history is at a crisis under the influence of pragmatism. Some historians are abandoning a traditional method of study, and are expanding variously a research area for weather the crisis of historical education. They are developing new methods in the education of history. One of recent tendencies is the introduction of image materials into teaching. Some historians put films and historical documentaries to practical use in class. It is a method for making history popular. There was the attempt to apply image materials in the process of popularizing history and varieting educational methods in the West. This article has the purpose of analyzing a documentary with the latest educational method. The protagonists of the documentary were merchants under the Ming and Ch'ing Dynasty in China. The title of it was "The country of merchants, China". EBS produced and broadcast it. It dealed with a growth background of merchants, the correlation of them with the government, and a social position and a culture of them. According to it, merchants of coastal Province grew in tributary system of the Ming and Ch'ing Dynasty, and developed with modernization. They are the origin of overseas Chinese merchants. Image materials raise students' ability to concentrate all their energies upon class, and their comprehensive faculty about subjects. Students can understand easily a historical situation and a historical person by a picture. Of course, there are insufficient aspects. For example, the study of practical method and the introduction of various materials are necessary. If possible, it is necessary that historians participate in production of a documentary.
이학로 계명대학교 국제학연구소 1998 국제학논총 Vol.3 No.-
The Trade of China and Western was restricted to Canton, but the amount of trade really had been increased. Ch'ing government intruded the use of sycee silver upon the western merchant. For the reason, the more western merchant purchased tea and silk, the more western silver dollars they had payed flowed into China. Finally before the Opium war o.5 billion dollars put into circulation in China. It partly was altered the western silver dollar to sycee, the others broke in peices and circulated. But most silver dollar was used itself in chinese coinage system. At the first stage, the western silver dollar was used on the coast, later it was spread into the inner China. Particularly the silver was used even to pay taxes. It was the reason that the produce of silver was not to be enough and that there was the absence of Ch'ing government financial policy for the production of its silver dollar. For the beautiful appearance of the western silver dollar, the coastal inhabitants liked to get it, little by little. After the western silver dollar was used on the coast and its inner-coast, it had stimulated the transformation of the China money system, and it made China government coin its silver dollar. Before the Opium war, China local government has partly made silver dollar that imitated the western silver dollar. But the Liang Kwuang general governor(兩廣總督), Chang Chi-dong(張之洞), finally coined the Chinese silver dollar in Kwuang-dong on 1886. Afterwards all of the other province competitively minted its silver dollar, ended to be disordered the China system of coin's circulation.
金學魯 부산대학교 사회과학대학 1985 社會科學論叢 Vol.4 No.2
One of the unique characters of local government is that it is consisted of residents in the area as a compulsory condition. Even thought the concept of area is one of the essential elements to the local autonomy, it seems that the traditional concept of area has changed drastically from the view of local government in the industrialized society. To execute more efficient local administration, it is necessary to integrate some areas into one, leaving the existing concept of area. In other words, we can assume that it might be necessary to enlarge the size of administrative area along with the enlarged resident's economic and social area due to industrialization, urbanization and developed transportation and communication, so to speak, we need to change the traditional idea of the smaller the size of the area, the more effective the administration world be. In today's industrialized society, the administrative area is getting bigger in size as a general trend. The first purpose of this paper is to satisfy the need of new theory, building the basic concept of wide-area administration. And the second purpose is to study the function of the Urban Area Administration Council and then suggest keys to improve its function. The problems revealed through the past experience in the council are as follow: 1) It is non-standing institution. 2) Few experts are involved in the management of the institution. 3) It doesn't have a lawful stance. 4) It is lack of ability to execute the budget and its poor financial stability. At this point, I would like to suggest some ways to improve its function. 1) We should provide a standing position to the council. 2) We should supply experts to the council. 3) We should make an effort to make the council as a powerful institution, by giving a lawful position. 4) We should provide the council the right to set up the development plan in the area. 5) We should clarify the share of expense among the local governments and appeal the government to support financial aid for research.
Sports Wear 의 通氣性에 關한 硏究(Ⅰ) : centered on the Training wears Training Wear을 中心으로
所康子,盧日煥,金學秀,山下伸典 公州大學校 스포츠科學硏究所 1993 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.6-7
The general function and the pleasantness of sportswears are regarded as important factors. In addition to these, other physical functions such as lightness, flexibleness, elasticity, air resistance, and weatherproof and also essential factors in sportswears. Depending upon the kind of gymnastics, the physical quality of sprotswears seems to have been conspicuously improved and the use of them has been fradually increased in many ways. The subjects of this study are the training wears made in both Korea and Japan (Three Korean items and Japanese items). These subjects are measured by means of an apparaus of testing ventilation, and the results of the measurement are analyzed comparatively by Gooding's formula the formula used in this analysis in like the following : mρf² + 8μπLf - π²r⁴ ((p₁-p₂) / (2p² - p₂)) = 0 The analysis of this experiment is to estimate the following relations : a) the relation between N and △p ; b) the relation between △p and L 1 c) the relation between △pt² and Lt. The data from this analysis can be used for, in terms of hydrodynamics, the basic criteria of external conditions of sports wears whiles wearing them.
상악동 후비공 용종에서 줄기의 경로에 따른 상악동구 전산화단층촬영 소견
이승훈,박동우,이승로,함창곡,이학수,김용수,박충기 한양대학교 의과대학 2002 한양의대 학술지 Vol.22 No.2
Purpose: We evaluate the pathway of the stalk of antrochoanal polyp on the coronal and axial computed tomography scans (CT), comparing with operative findings. Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients (7∼40 years old, median= 12.5 years old, ratio of male to female: 8/6) with antrochoanal polyp were examined, who took the orbitomeatal unit (OMU) CT including both coronal and axial scans as well as the operation. The CT findings and clinical findings were analyzed for the pathway of the stalk of antrochoanal polyp, comparing with the operative findings. Results: The antrochoanal polyps were mostly located on the left side (12/14, 85.7%) and equally passed through the natural and accessory ostia (7/14, 7/14) in our cases. Those that were passing through the accessory ostium were located more inferiorly and posteriorly, with preserving the natural ostium on CT scans, comparing to those via the natural ostium. However, those passing through the natural ostium had a larger stalk that eroded the uncinate process widely. So each ostium was hardly discriminated on CT scans. Conclusions: The pathway of the stalk of the antrochoanal polyp could be more specifically evaluated on both coronal and axial OMU CT scans. So, it could be more hilpful in the presurgical planning.
李彦政,宋峰根,金永學,오로사 대한동의병리학회 1996 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.10 No.2
八味地黃丸과 六味地黃丸은 漢代 張仲景의 〈金궤要略〉과 宋代 錢乙의 〈小兒樂證直訣〉에 각각 처음 收錄된 이래 歷代 醫學에 八味地黃丸은 腎陰虛에 사용되어 왔으며 六味地黃丸은 腎陽虛에 사용되는 處方으로 기록되어 왔다. 이에 저자는 腎陽虛 및 腎陰虛에 광범위하게 應用되는 八味地黃丸과 六味地黃丸의 效能, 主治, 現代 臨床活用, 藥理作用에 대해 考察하였다. 그 결과 八味地黃丸 效能은 溫和腎氣, 溫補腎陽하며, 六味地黃丸 效能은 滋腎陰 補肝血 制火로 要約할 수 있었으며, 八味地黃丸은 腎氣不足, 腎陽不足으로 인한 面色蒼白, 頭昏, 耳鳴, 腰酸脚軟, 身半以下常有冷感, 小便不利 或 頻數 脈沈遲 或虛弱, 消渴, 水腫, 久泄, 轉胞, 男子陽위 또는 女子子宮虛寒으로 인한 不姙, 舌淡笞白 等의 諸般 證狀을 治療하는데 사용되어 왔으며, 八味地黃丸은 腎陰不足이나 肝腎不足으로 인한 陰虛發熱을 포함한 骨蒸潮熱 或 手心煩熱, 頭目眩??, 耳??, 咽喉燥痛, 齒牙不固, 腰腿수軟, 遺精, 消渴, 舌紅少苔 或 無苔 脈細, 少便淋閉, 五臟虧損, 自汗溫汗, 諸血 等의 諸般 證狀을 治療하는데 활용되었음을 알 수 있었다. 최근에는 泌尿器系疾患, 高血壓, 糖尿病, 精神疾患, 老人性 眼疾患, 慢性 呼吸器疾患 等에 八味地黃丸과 六味地黃丸이 공통적으로 活用되고 있으며, 性機能 및 生殖器疾患 등에는 八味地黃丸이 活用되며, 甲狀腺機能亢進症, 消花器系, 癌類, 小兒 營養不良 等에는 六味地黃丸이 活用되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 八味地黃丸과 六味地黃丸의 藥理作用은 모두 血壓降下, 糖代謝 改善, 肝機能 改善, 腎機能 改善, 혈중 脂質代謝 改善, 免役機能 增强作用이 있으며, 八味地黃丸은 그 외에 Glutathion代謝 影響, 호르몬 影響, 耐寒性 增加, 腦下垂體-副腎皮質機能 改善 等이 있으며, 六味地黃丸은 그 외에 癌誘發 抑制作俑, Interferon 誘導作用 等이 있음을 알 수 있었다. Palmijihwanghan(PJH) and Yukmijihwanghan(YJH) has been widely used as the basic priscriptions for the deficiency of Yin and Yang of kidney. So the study has been carried out to investigate the effects, symptoms, indications and pharmacology of the PJH and YJH. The result of this study were as follows: 1. The effect of PJH is warming and regulation the kidney-Qi and warming and strengthen the kidney-Yang. While the effect of YJH is nourishing the kidney-Yin, nourishing the liver-blood and managing the fire. 2. PJH is used for the treatment of such symptoms caused by dificiency of the kidney-Qi or the kidney-Yang as facial pallidness. dizziness and tinnitus, back pain and leg weakness, cold sensation in lower body, dysuria or urinary frequency, deep and slow or feeble pulse, thirst, edema, persistent diarrhea, painful urination, impotence, dizziness and tinnitus, dry and painful throat, weakness of the teeth, back pain and leg weakness, emmision, thirst, flushed tongue without fur, feeble pulse, dysuria, weakness of the five viscera, spontaneous sweating, perspiration during sleep, and bleeding, which are caused by deficiency of the kidney-Yin or the function of kidney and liver. 3. Both PJH and YJH have been commonly used for treatment of disease of urinary tract disease, hypertension, diabetic mellitus, psychopathy, chronic pulmonary disease. While PJH is applied for the sexual and genital disorders, YJH is for hyperthyrodism, mass in the digestive system and children's malnutrition. 4. The pharmacology of PJH and YJH is commonly the lowering the blood pressure, promoting the glycometabolism, renal function and lipid metabolism, and increasing the immune function. Besides PJH affects on the glutathion metabolism, and hormonal function, increases the cold tolerance ability and improves the function of the pituitary-adrenal cortex, while YJH has the effects of inhibiting the carciogenic action and inducing the interferon secreation.
Ro, Hak-Seung,Lee, Kyoung-Gu,Lee, June-Seok,Jeong, Hae-Gwang,Lee, Kyo-Beum The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.1
This paper presents an advanced torque ripple minimization method of a switched reluctance motor (SRM) using torque sharing function (TSF). Generally, TSF is applied into the torque control. However, the conventional TSF cannot follow the expected torque well because of the nonlinear characteristics of the SRM. Moreover, the tail current that is generated at a high speed motor drive makes unexpected torque ripples. The proposed method combined TSF with fuzzy logic control (FLC). The advantage of this method is that the torque can be controlled unity at any conditions. In addition, the controller can track the torque under the condition of the wrong TSF. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by the simulations and experiments.