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Reina, Asa,Tanaka, A.,Uehara, A.,Shinzato, I.,Toride, Y.,Usui, N.,Hirakawa, K.,Takahashi, J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.6
Effects of protease-resistant antimicrobial substances (PRA) produced by Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc citreum on rumen methanogenesis were examined using the in vitro continuous methane quantification system. Four different strains of lactic acid bacteria, i) Lactococcus lactis ATCC19435 (Control, non-antibacterial substances), ii) Lactococcus lactis NCIMB702054 (Nisin-Z), iii) Lactobacillus plantarum TUA1490L (PRA-1), and iv) Leuconostoc citreum JCM9698 (PRA-2) were individually cultured in GYEKP medium. An 80 ml aliquot of each supernatant was inoculated into phosphate-buffered rumen fluid. PRA-1 remarkably decreased cumulative methane production, though propionate, butyrate and ammonia N decreased. For PRA-2, there were no effects on $CH_4$ and $CO_2$ production and fermentation characteristics in mixed rumen cultures. The results suggested that PRA-1 reduced the number of methanogens or inhibited utilization of hydrogen in rumen fermentation.
Reina Ito,Takashi Kuribayashi 한국실험동물학회 2019 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.35 No.2
The degree of hepatopathy affecting the synthesis of α2-macroglobulin (α2M) as an acute phase protein in rats was investigated. Hepatopathy was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intravenous administration of galactosamine at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 7 days. Inflammation was induced by intramuscular injection of turpentine oil at a dose of 2 mL/kg. Blood was collected before turpentine oil injection and at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after injection. Serum concentrations of α2M were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mean values of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in rats administered galactosamine were significantly higher than in controls. Mean values of body weight and total protein were significantly lower than in controls. Serum concentrations of α2M in the galactosamine group were significantly lower than in controls. Kinetic parameters, area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0–96) and maximum serum concentration (Cmax), were significantly lower than in controls. The cut-off value for detecting the effects on synthesis of α2M in liver was 46.9 mgˑh/mL. Seven rats (77.8%) were assessed for decreases in the synthesis of α2M due to hepatopathy. Two rats showed no influence on the synthesis of α2M, despite administration of galactosamine. AST and ALT in these two rats were ≤ 285 and ≤ 174 U/L, respectively. In conclusion, synthesis of α2M in rats is evidently suppressed in the severe stages of hepatopathy.
A Review of the Role of Bioreactors for iPSCs-Based Tissue-Engineered Articular Cartilage
Reina-Mahecha Alejandro,Beers Martine J.,van der Veen Hugo C.,Zuhorn Inge S.,van Kooten Theo G.,Sharma Prashant K. 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2023 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.20 No.7
BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease without an ultimate treatment. In a search for novel approaches, tissue engineering (TE) has shown great potential to be an effective way for hyaline cartilage regeneration and repair in advanced stages of OA. Recently, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been appointed to be essential stem cells for degenerative disease treatment because they allow a personalized medicine approach. For clinical translation, bioreactors in combination with iPSCs-engineerd cartilage could match patients needs, serve as platform for large-scale patient specific cartilage production, and be a tool for patient OA modelling and drug screening. Furthermore, to minimize in vivo experiments and improve cell differentiation and cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, TE combines existing approaches with bioreactors. METHODS: This review summarizes the current understanding of bioreactors and the necessary parameters when they are intended for cartilage TE, focusing on the potential use of iPSCs. RESULTS: Bioreactors intended for cartilage TE must resemble the joint cavity niche. However, recreating human synovial joints is not trivial because the interactions between various stimuli are not entirely understood. CONCLUSION: The use of mechanical and electrical stimulation to differentiate iPSCs, and maintain and test chondrocytes are key stimuli influencing hyaline cartilage homeostasis. Incorporating these stimuli to bioreactors can positively impact cartilage TE approaches and their possibility for posterior translation into the clinics.
Blasphemy: are Prophets Crooks? An Analysis based on IA 956-958
Reina Marisol Troca Pereira 한국서양고전학회 2015 西洋古典學硏究 Vol.54 No.3
This article aims to present some considerations concerning the prophets and prophecies in the 5th century BC. A passage from Euripides’ Iphigenia in Aulis is essential for the purpose. Calchas is as a representative mythological figure used by Euripides to express some critical remarks on that subject. Between belief, doubt and accusation, the mantic arts present a transversal profile that remains, mutatis mutandis, during Euripides’ Antiquity and also presently, which entails the modernity of the theme addressed by the Athenian author.
Hiroto Honda(Hiroto Honda ),Reina Maeda(Reina Maeda ),Suguru Ando(Suguru Ando ),Kenji Shinbo(Kenji Shinbo ),Wataru Nanikawa(Wataru Nanikawa ),Masaki Iwamura(Masaki Iwamura ),Yoshihiro Yamashina(Yoshih 사피엔시아 2020 Exercise Medicine Vol.4 No.-
Objectives: Little is known regarding the associations between Borg’s rating of perceived exertion (RPE), cardiopulmonary responses, and carrying bags while level walking. We investigated the changes in RPE and cardiopulmonary responses, including energy cost (EC), oxygen consumption (VdotO₂), and heart rate (HR), when walking with a bag. Methods: This randomized crossover study included 10 healthy adults (aged 21–22 years). Four days of experiments were performed at intervals of 1–2 weeks. The participants walked on a level treadmill while carrying a bag with a strap weighting 5 kg, placed diagonally on their shoulders (DS), vertically on their shoulders (VS), vertically in one hand (VH), and on their backs using both shoulders (BS) for 20 min. Walking speed was stable among all experiments, and was set to the participants’ preferred speed. Results: No significant differences between bag carrying methods regarding EC, VdotO₂, and %HRreserve (based on HR) were observed, whereas RPE respiratory (RPE-resp) and RPE leg muscle (RPE-leg) scores varied based on bag carrying method used. RPE-resp score was significantly lower for DS and BS than VH (both p < 0.0083); however, no significant difference was observed when each RPE-leg score was compared. Conclusions: We found that RPE-resp score varied, whereas no changes in EC, VdotO₂, and HR were observed in healthy adults while walking with different bag carrying methods. Additionally, of all bag carrying methods assessed, the highest RPE-resp score was observed when individuals carried a bag with one-hand at their side.