Activity Guided Isolation of Antioxidant Tannoid Principles from Anogeissus latifolia

Raghavan Govindarajan1*,Madhavan Vijayakumar1,,Annie Shirwaikar2,,Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat1,,Shanta Mehrotra1,,Palpu Pushpangadan1 한국생약학회 2005 Natural Product Sciences Vol.11 No.3

Oxidative stress is an important causative factor in several human chronic diseases, such asatherosclerosis, cardiovascular disorders, mutagenesis, cancer, several neurodegenerative disorders, and the agingprocess. Phenolics and tannins are reported to be good antioxidants. Anogeissus latifolia (Combretaceae) bark hasnot available till date. Hence the present study was undertaken to isolate antioxidant compounds by activity-guided isolation. Inhibtion of diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPH) and Xanthine oxidase along with photoc-hemiluminescence assay were used as bioassay for antioxidant activity. Activity guided isolation was carried outusing silica column and the compounds were quantified using HPLC. Ethyl acetate and butanol fraction exhibitedpotent antioxidant activity. Bioassay-guided isolation led to isolation of ellagic acid (1) and dimethyl ellagic acid(2these three major tannoid principles present in A. latifolia, are responsible for the antioxidant potential andpossibly their therapeutic potential.

Low Thermal Conductivity and High Thermoelectric Performance in In4Se3−x with Phase-Separated Indium Inclusions

Rawat, P. K.,Park, H.,Hwang, J.,Kim, W. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Journal of electronic materials Vol.46 No.3

<P>We report the thermoelectric properties of undoped hot-pressed In4Se3-x (x = 0.05). Stoichiometric imbalance due to selenium deficiency in In4Se3 was found to create a secondary phase of elemental indium in the host material. Heat treatment drove grain growth and increased the indium solubility in In4Se3. Indium-rich domains at grain surfaces/boundaries in untreated samples were found to redistribute inside the grains and their junctions after heat treatment. Due to enhanced phonon scattering by secondary phase of indium, very low values of thermal conductivity were observed for all samples, leading to a maximum thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) of 1.13 at 723 K along the hot-pressing direction for the heat-treated sample.</P>

Emission characteristics of the shower particles produced in the interaction of 84Kr with emulsion 1 Gev per nucleon

Rawat U.,Singh M. K.,Goyal M. 한국물리학회 2023 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.83 No.6

In the interactions of 84Kr with emulsion at 1 A GeV, the forward and backward emission of relativistic and fast hadrons was experimentally investigated. We focused on how the target fragment infuences the average multiplicities of shower particles discharged in both the forward and backward hemispheres, as well as on one another, in the current research. We have also investigated how the correlation strength varies with projectile mass. The research backs up the fnding that the creation of particles in the backward hemisphere is caused by a collective mechanism and is found to be compatible. The results are contrasted with the measurements from other tests and found to be consistent.

Two dimensional size-mass distribution function inversion from differential mobility analyzer-aerosol particle mass analyzer (DMA-APM) measurements

Rawat, V.K.,Buckley, D.T.,Kimoto, S.,Lee, M.H.,Fukushima, N.,Hogan, C.J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Journal of aerosol science Vol.92 No.-

<P>We developed and applied a data inversion routine to determine the number based size-mass distribution function (the two dimensional distribution function) from tandem differential mobility analyzer-aerosol particle mass analyzer (DMA-APM) measurements. The two dimensional distribution function is expressed in units of particle number concentration per unit mobility diameter per unit particle mass. It can be used to directly calculate the number based size distribution (commonly determined using DMA measurements) or the mass based size distribution (commonly inferred from impactor measurements). The inversion routine utilizes the Twomey-Markowski algorithm and is applied in this study to DMA-APM measurements of sodium chloride, cesium iodide, and ammonium sulfate particles in the 30-200 nm mobility diameter range, as well as acetylene flame generated soot aggregates in the 40-350 nm range. To utilize the inversion routine, the APM transfer function must be known a priori. Here it is computed using a modified version of the Ehara (uniform flow) model, with a transmission correction factor inferred from measurements. For the three examined salt particle types, visual representation of the two dimensional distribution function reveals that at a given mobility diameter, particles have very narrow mass distributions, with the peak masses in good agreement with predictions based on bulk salt densities. However, for soot particles, extremely broad distributions are observed. Soot measurements are compared to predictions for quasifractal aggregates in the transition regime; this comparison suggests that aggregates with fractal dimensions ranging from 1.4 to 2.5 are all generated in the same system. Finally, we determine the two-dimensional distribution function for a mixture of ammonium sulfate and soot particles, demonstrating that these two particle populations are separable from one another via mobility-mass analysis. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Fenton like oxidative degradation of toxic water pollutants by iron nanoparticles synthesized via facile green route using waste iron rust as the iron precursor

Shalu Rawat,Jiwan Singh 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.2

Corrosion of iron by oxidation is a global problem that affects the economy and gives rise to environmental pollution. Iron rust is oxide or hydroxide of iron, it can be used as a secondary iron source which will lead to its management as well as reduce the pressure on primary iron sources. In the present study, waste iron rust was used as the precursor of iron for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles via the green route using extract of dried Jatropha leaf. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using different instrumental techniques. Synthesized iron nanoparticles bear an extremely large specific surface area of 190.2 ㎡/g. The catalytic potential of synthesized nanoparticles was tested for the degradation of toxic organic pollutants phenol and p-nitrophenol (PNP) in an aqueous solution. Both the pollutants were removed rapidly in the initial 30 minutes of the reaction time. Optimization of the removal process was done by varying different variables. Maximum removal of phenol (~98%) and PNP (~95%) was achieved at 0.1 g/L concentration of nanoparticles. The degradation reaction rate was determined by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics and the data was found to be followed best by the pseudo-first-order kinetics.

Comparison between lignocaine nebulization and airway nerve block for awake fiberoptic bronchoscopy-guided nasotracheal intubation: a single-blind randomized prospective study

Pooja Rawat Mathur,Neena Jain,Aji Kumar,Beena Thada,Veena Mathur,Deepak Garg 대한마취통증의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.71 No.2

Background: The preferred management strategy for difficult airways is awake fiberoptic bronchoscopy-guided intubation, which requires effective airway anesthesia to ensure patient comfort and acceptance. This randomized single-blind prospective study was conducted to compare lignocaine nebulization and airway nerve block for airway anesthesia prior to awake fiberoptic bronchoscopy-guided intubation. Methods: Sixty adult patients scheduled for surgical procedures under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to two groups. Group N received jet nebulization (10 ml of 4% lignocaine) and Group B received bilateral superior laryngeal and transtracheal recurrent laryngeal nerve blocks (each with 2 ml of 2% lignocaine) followed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy- guided nasotracheal intubation. All patients received procedural sedation with dexmedetomidine. The intubation time, intubating conditions, vocal cord position, cough severity, and degree of patient satisfaction were recorded. Student’s t test was used to analyze parametric data, while the Mann-Whitney U test was applied to non-parametric data and Fisher’s test to categorical data. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The time taken for intubation was significantly shorter in Group B [115.2 (14.7) s compared with Group N [214.0 (22.2) s] (P = 0.029). The intubating conditions and degree of patient comfort were better in Group B compared with Group N. Although all patients were successfully intubated, patient satisfaction was higher in Group B. Conclusions: Airway nerve blocks are preferable to lignocaine nebulization as they provide superior-quality airway anesthesia. However, nebulization may be a suitable alternative when a nerve block is not feasible.

Anomaly Recognition in Online Social Networks

Ashish Rawat,Gunjan Gugnani,Minakshi Shastri,Pardeep Kumar 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.7

The popularity of social networking sites has increased throughout the decade and everything that gains immense popularity with great human involvement also brings many challenges and issues along with it. Similarly the excessive use of online social networking causes a great increase in anomalies. In social networking the anomalies are like fake account, account hack, identity theft, spams and many other illegitimate activities. It is thus necessary to detect such anomalous and suspicious behavior of any user at these social platforms, as they could have an adverse impact on users, especially on teenagers. In this paper, we propose various methodologies for early detection of suspicious and anomalous activities. We have done the analysis of various parameters of social networking and its graph like indegree, outdegree, active time of a node (user) and its behavior.

Low-Temperature Photochemically Activated Amorphous Indium-Gallium-Zinc Oxide for Highly Stable Room-Temperature Gas Sensors

Jaisutti, Rawat,Kim, Jaeyoung,Park, Sung Kyu,Kim, Yong-Hoon American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.31

<P>We report on highly stable amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) gas sensors for ultraviolet (UV)-activated room-temperature detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The IGZO sensors fabricated by a low-temperature photochemical activation process and exhibiting two orders higher photocurrent compared to conventional zinc oxide sensors, allowed high gas sensitivity against various VOCs even at room temperature. From a systematic analysis, it was found that by increasing the UV intensity, the gas sensitivity, response time, and recovery behavior of an IGZO sensor were strongly enhanced. In particular, under an UV intensity of 30 mW cm(-2), the IGZO sensor exhibited gas sensitivity, response time and recovery time of 37%, 37 and 53 s, respectively, against 750 ppm concentration of acetone gas. Moreover, the IGZO gas sensor had an excellent long-term stability showing around 6% variation in gas sensitivity over 70 days. These results strongly support a conclusion that a low-temperature solution-processed amorphous IGZO film can serve as a good candidate for room-temperature VOCs sensors for emerging wearable electronics.</P>

Review on Rhododendron arboreum - a magical tree

Pramod Rawat,Nishant Rai,Naveen Kumar,R. K. Bachheti 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2017 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.17 No.4

Rhododendron arboreum is medicinally and economically a very important plant species. It is widely popular for the processed juice of its flowers which have gained market popularity as rhodojuice / sharbat. Various parts of the plant exhibited medicinal properties and are used for the treatment of various ailments. Detail search has been performed from various internal databases such as Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar etc. to get complete work done on Rhododendron arboreum. The present review is about collection of all the available data of Rhododendron arboreum on pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, pharmacological uses. This review high lists some of the new research which explains the multifaceted activity of Rhododendron arboreum.

Ultrasensitive Room-Temperature Operable Gas Sensors Using p-Type Na:ZnO Nanoflowers for Diabetes Detection

Jaisutti, Rawat,Lee, Minkyung,Kim, Jaeyoung,Choi, Seungbeom,Ha, Tae-Jun,Kim, Jaekyun,Kim, Hyoungsub,Park, Sung Kyu,Kim, Yong-Hoon American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.10

<P>Ultrasensitive room-temperature operable gas sensors utilizing the photocatalytic activity of Na-doped p-type ZnO (Na:ZnO) nanoflowers (NFs) are demonstrated as a promising candidate for diabetes detection. The flowerlike Na:ZnO nanoparticles possessing ultrathin hierarchical nanosheets were synthesized by a facile solution route at a low processing temperature of 40 degrees C. It was found that the Na element acting as a p-type dopant was successfully incorporated in the ZnO lattice. On the basis of the synthesized p-type Na:ZnO NFs, room-temperature operable chemiresistive-type gas sensors were realized, activated by ultraviolet (UV) illumination. The Na:ZnO NF gas sensors exhibited high gas response (S of 3.35) and fast response time (similar to 18 s) and recovery time (similar to 63 s) to acetone gas (100 ppm, UV intensity of 5 mW cm (-2)), and furthermore, subppm level (0.2 ppm) detection was achieved at room temperature, which enables the diagnosis of various diseases including diabetes from exhaled breath.</P>