A mechanistic study on graphene-based nonvolatile ReRAM devices

Rani, A.,Kim, D. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Journal of Materials Chemistry C Vol.4 No.47

<P>Nonvolatile resistive switching random access memory (ReRAM) devices have been of critical importance in the recent information technology industry. A resistive switching memory cell in ReRAM is generally based on simple three-dimensional stacked structures composed of an insulating material sandwiched between two electrodes. Recently, graphene-based 2D materials have been actively employed as either active dielectric layers or electrodes in ReRAM devices. It is noted, however, that the working mechanism of the devices with a focus on the role of graphene-based materials has not yet been systematically discussed. Therefore, in this review article, we first overview the operation mechanism of the devices employing graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), hybrid GO, and hybrid rGO as dielectric layers. Next, the mechanism of the cells based on graphene electrodes is summarized. We systematically discuss the operation principle in terms of the constitution and architecture of the cells. The comprehensive review is finalized with concluding remarks and a prospective for future study.</P>

Investigation on Stiffness of Finished Stretch Plain Knitted Fabrics Using Fuzzy Decision Trees and Artificial Neural Networks

Rania Baghdadi,Hamza Alibi,Faten Fayala,Xianyi Zeng 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.2

Stiffness is one of the most important utility properties of textile materials and plays a significant role in well-beingdue to its influence on physiological comfort [1]. On that point are a great deal of structural properties of textile materials alsooperating parameters (knitting+finishing) influencing stiffness and there are also statistically significant interactions betweenthe principal factors determining the stiffness of textile materials. As part of our research, we proposed to facilitate theindustry adjust the most relevant operating parameters before actual manufacturing to reach the desired stiffness and satisfyconsumers. It warrants the application of artificial neural nets (ANNs) to predict the stiffness of finished knitted fabrics andthe utilization of the Fuzzy Decision Tree in the selection procedure, to puzzle out the problem of insufficient data and boildown the complexity of predictive models. Moreover, a virtual leave one out approach dealing with overfitting phenomenonand allowing the selection of the optimal neural network architecture was applied.

Review the Recent Fraud Detection Systems for Accounting Area using Blockchain Technology

Rania Alsulami,Raghad Albalawi,Manal Albalawi,Hetaf Alsugair,Khaled A. Alblowi,Adel R. Alharbi International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.5

With the increasing interest in blockchain technology and its employment in diverse sectors and industries, including: finance, business, voting, industrial and many other medical and educational applications. Recently, the blockchain technology has played significant role in preventing fraud transactions in accounting systems, as the blockchain offers high security measurements, reduces the need for centralized processing, and blocks access to the organization information and system. Therefore, this paper studies, analyses, and investigates the adoption of blockchain technology with accounting systems, through analyzing the results of several research works which have employed the blockchain technology to secure their accounting systems. In addition, we investigate the performance of applying the deep learning and machine learning approaches for the purpose of fraud detection and classification. As a result of this study, the adoption of blockchain technology will enhance the safety and security of accounting systems, through identifying and classifying the possible frauds that may attack the accounting and business organizations.

Kidney injury molecule-1: A potential marker of renal recovery after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy

( Rania Khalil ),( Hosam Elghadban ),( Moustafa Abdelsalam ),( Mona Tawfik ) 대한신장학회 2020 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.39 No.2

Background: Bariatric surgeries were reported to improve diabetes and hypertension; however, the effect on renal recovery has not been fully explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) in morbidly obese patients on renal function, degree of albuminuria, and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) level. Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted at Mansoura University Hospitals from January to June 2017. Forty-four morbidly obese patients (29 females and 15 males) who met the 1991 WHO criteria for obesity surgery were included. Patients underwent surgical LSG for treatment of morbid obesity, and all were followed for 6 months after surgery. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected and compared before and after surgery. Primary endpoints were the differences of albuminuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and serum KIM-1 between baseline (pre-surgery) and 6-month post-surgery values. Results: Six-month post-surgery data showed significant reduction of body mass index, HbA1c, microalbuminuria, and serum KIM-1, and a significant increase in eGFR (all, P < 0.001). The serum KIM-1 level positively correlated with microalbuminuria and serum creatinine (r = 0.596, P = 0.001 and r = 0.402, P = 0.034, respectively). Postoperative data showed that patients with microalbuminuria had significantly lower eGFR and higher KIM-1 values than those without microalbuminuria (P = 0.003 and 0.049, respectively). Conclusion: We showed potential benefits of LSG against obesity-associated kidney damage. This is evidenced by improving eGFR and reducing levels of both KIM-1 and microalbuminuria. The serum level of KIM-1 may be a potential marker for renal recovery after LSG.

Empaglifl ozin alleviates neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through HIF-1a/VEGF signaling pathway

Rania G. Abdel-latif,Rehab A. Rifaai,Entesar F. Amin 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.5

Ischemic stroke is a serious condition associatedwith severe functional disability and high mortality,however; eff ective therapy remains elusive. Empaglifl ozin,a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, has been shownto exert additional non-glycemic benefi ts including antiapoptoticeff ects in diff erent disease settings. Thereby, thisstudy was designed to investigate the ameliorative eff ect ofempaglifl ozin on the neuronal apoptosis exhibited in cerebralischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in a rat model targetingHIF-1α/VEGF signaling which is involved in this insult. Global cerebral I/R injury was induced in male Wistar ratsthrough occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteriesfor 30 min followed by one-hour reperfusion. Empaglifl ozindoses of 1 and 10 mg/kg were administered 1 and 24 h afterreperfusion. In I/R-injured rats, empaglifl ozin treatmentssignifi cantly reduced infarct size and enhanced neurobehavioralfunctions in a dose-dependent manner. The drugalleviated neuronal death and cerebral injury infl icted byglobal ischemia as it suppressed neuronal caspase-3 proteinexpression. In parallel, protein expressions of HIF-1αand its downstream mediator VEGF were upregulated inthe ischemic brain following empaglifl ozin treatment. Theresults indicated that empaglifl ozin attenuates cerebral I/Rinducedneuronal death via the HIF-1α/VEGF cascade.

Primary Dysmenorrhea: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Updates

Rania Itani,Lama Soubra,Samar Karout,Deema Rahme,Lina Karout,Hani M J Khojah 대한가정의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Family Medicine Vol.43 No.2

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common, disregarded, underdiagnosed, and inadequately treated complaint of both young and adult females. It is characterized by painful cramps in the lower abdomen, which start shortly be-fore or at the onset of menses and which could last for 3 days. In particular, PD negatively impacts the quality of life (QOL) of young females and is the main reason behind their absenteeism from school or work. It is suggested that increased intrauterine secretion of prostaglandins F2α and E2 are responsible for the pelvic pain associated with this disorder. Its associated symptoms are physical and/or psychological. Its physical symptoms include headache, lethargy, sleep disturbances, tender breasts, various body pains, disturbed appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation or diarrhea, and increased urination, whereas its psychological symptoms include mood disturbances, such as anxiety, depression, and irritability. While its diagnosis is based on patients’ history, symptoms, and physical exam-ination, its treatment aims to improve the QOL through the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormonal contraceptives, and/or the use of non-pharmacological aids (e.g., topical heat application and ex-ercise). Patients must be monitored to measure their response to treatment, assess their adherence, observe poten-tial side effects, and perform further investigations, if needed.

Expression of survivin in squamous cell carcinoma and transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: A comparative immunohistochemical study

Rania Makboul,Abeer EL-Refaiy M. Refaiy,Fatma Ahmed Mahmoud Badary,Islam F. Abdelkawi,Axel S. Merseburger,Rabab Ahmed Ahmed Mohammed 대한비뇨의학회 2015 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.56 No.1

Purpose: To compare the expression of survivin and its association with clinicopathological criteria in major types of urinary bladdercarcinoma, specifically, transitional cell carcinoma with and without squamous differentiation and squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for survivin and Ki67 was performed on paraffin-embedded sections of104 carcinomas: 52 transitional cell carcinoma, 20 transitional cell carcinoma with squamous differentiation, and 32 squamous cellcarcinoma. Expression of survivin in >10% of tumor cells was described as altered survivin status. Ki67 staining in >20% of tumorcells was described as a high proliferation index. Results: Altered survivin expression was detected in 60/104 specimens (58%) and was significantly more frequent in transitionalcell carcinoma (78%) than in squamous cell carcinoma (38%) or transitional cell carcinoma with squamous differentiation (40%)(p<0.0001). In transitional cell carcinoma but not in squamous cell carcinoma, altered survivin status was associated with highertumor grade, higher proliferation index, and recurrence. In the whole specimens, altered survivin expression was significantly associatedwith advanced stage (p<0.001), recurrence (p=0.005), distant metastasis (p<0.001), and death (p=0.001). In the multivariateanalysis, altered survivin was an independent poor prognostic factor for recurrence. Conclusions: Unlike in transitional cell carcinoma, alteration of survivin expression in squamous cell carcinoma occurs less frequentlyand is not associated with features of tumor aggression or patient outcome. These findings raise a question: are urinarybladder carcinoma patients with squamous cell carcinoma type suitable candidates for survivin vaccine? This is an important questionto be answered before approving the vaccine in management.

Subacute Toxicity of Nerium oleander Ethanolic Extract in Mice

Rania H. Abdou,Walaa A. Basha,Waleed F. Khalil 한국독성학회 2019 Toxicological Research Vol.35 No.3

Nerium oleander (N. oleander) is a well-known poisonous shrub that is frequently grown in gardens and public areas and contains numerous toxic compounds. The major toxic components are the cardiac glycosides oleandrin and neriin. The aim of our study was to evaluate the toxic effects of an ethanolic N. oleander leaf extract on haematological, cardiac, inflammatory, and serum biochemical parameters, as well as histopathological changes in the heart. N. oleander extract was orally administered for 14 and 30 consecutive days at doses of 100 and 200 mg of dried extract/kg of body weight in 0.5 mL of saline. The results showed significant increases in mean corpuscular volume, white blood cell counts, platelet counts, interleukins (IL-1 and IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha, C reactive protein, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and creatine kinase MB, especially at high doses. Marked pathological changes were perceived in the heart tissue. Thus, it can be concluded that exposure to N. oleander leaf extract adversely affects the heart and liver.

National collaboration in geo-spatial information: NARSSGeoPortal case study

Rania Elsayed Ibrahim,Amr Elramly 대한공간정보학회 2017 Spatial Information Research Vol.25 No.2

The Egyptian government is seeking collaboration between the authorities to build a data sharing platform to support the national development projects. The development projects need to be planned, managed and monitored in addition to the ongoing Egyptian economy support. However, the current management structure will not be able to manage national resources effectively without access to adequate information, analysis tools, and monitoring systems. National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS) took the initiatives and developed a platform for the national collaboration to share the geo-spatial information required for e-government and the sustainable development. NARSS extended the efforts and built a full proposal for the ‘‘National Collaboration for Sustainable Development Spatial Decision Support Portal’’. Then, the proposal was communicated to a high level committee between the interested authorities to proceed forward with the proposed project. The research process was inherently intermixed design, building and evaluation of the platform. The process was also developed within collaborative and organizational context. Multiple research channels were employed in order to collect data that was necessary for delivering the project results such as memos, progress reports and prototypes. As a result, NARSSGeoPortal was successfully developed in accordance with the government authorities’ needs. This paper presents a case study showing the developed approach to build the geospatial data sharing systems required to provide support for the nationwide development. The paper also discusses the challenges during the implementation phase and provides the recommendations that should be taken into consideration during planning.

Sequential intrathecal injection of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine at different rates: does it make a difference? A randomized controlled trial

Rania M. Hussien,Amal H. Rabie 대한마취통증의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.72 No.2

Background: Previous studies have shown that sequential intrathecal injection of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine for cesarean section (CS) anesthesia provides a superior anesthetic effect than use of bupivacaine alone, and prolongs postoperative analgesia. Herein, we investigated whether rapid intrathecal injection of fentanyl followed by slow injection of hyperbaric bupivacaine affects the duration of postoperative analgesia, the effectiveness of anesthesia, and hemodynamic status. Methods: Fifty-six parturients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II, aged 18–40 years, and scheduled to undergo elective CS were randomly assigned to 2 groups of 28 patients each. The normal sequential group received sequential intrathecal injections of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine at the same rate, each with a 5 ml syringe. The rapid sequential group received a rapid intrathecal injection of fentanyl with an insulin syringe, followed by a slow injection of hyperbaric bupivacaine with a 5 ml syringe. The onset of sensory block, the timing of the first rescue analgesia, the doses of rescue analgesics, the degree of postoperative pain, the onset and duration of motor block, the incidence and duration of hypotension, and spinal anesthesia-related complications were recorded. Results: While both approaches had comparable spinal anesthesia-related complications, incidence and duration of hypotension, and doses of ephedrine, the rapid sequential group exhibited a more rapid onset of sensory block, a higher sensory level, and more prolonged postoperative analgesia. Conclusions: Rapid sequential injection of fentanyl and hyperbaric bupivacaine produced superior anesthesia and more prolonged postoperative analgesia than sequential injections of both at the same rate.