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Randolph M. Pfeiffer,Annette L. Bunge 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.87 No.-
Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) systems can efficiently extract and concentrate dilute solutes in avariety of applications and chemistries. Internal phase leakage and swell reduce extraction efficiency andconcentration, which limits their use. Nearly all studies of ELM leakage and swell have been conducted inbatch systems, although continuousflow systems are preferred for industrial applications. The objectiveof this investigation was to assess the ability of batch experiments to predict continuous systemperformance with respect to internal phase leakage and swell. The effects offive factors (surfactantconcentration, osmotic pressure, membrane viscosity, internal phase volume fraction, and extractionvessel stir rate) on leakage and swell were measured in a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) systemwithout solute extraction. The results were compared with those reported previously for a batch systemwith the same experimental conditions and vessel geometry. Overall, the effects of thefive factors in theCSTR system are qualitatively consistent with the batch system observations, suggesting that theinfluential variables in the batch system are similarly influential in the CSTR system. Leakage and swell inthe CSTR and batch systems are correlated with similar amounts of swell in both systems but consistentlysmaller leakage in the CSTR configuration.
Cortical Thinning in High-Grade Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Randolph S. Marshall,David S. Liebeskind,John Huston III,Lloyd J. Edwards,George Howard,James F. Meschia,Thomas G. Brott,Brajesh K. Lal,Donald Heck,Giuseppe Lanzino,Navdeep Sangha,Vikram S. Kashyap,Cl 대한뇌졸중학회 2023 Journal of stroke Vol.25 No.1
Background and Purpose High-grade carotid artery stenosis may alter hemodynamics in the ipsilateral hemisphere, but consequences of this effect are poorly understood. Cortical thinning is associated with cognitive impairment in dementia, head trauma, demyelination, and stroke. We hypothesized that hemodynamic impairment, as represented by a relative time-to-peak (TTP) delay on MRI in the hemisphere ipsilateral to the stenosis, would be associated with relative cortical thinning in that hemisphere. Methods We used baseline MRI data from the NINDS-funded Carotid Revascularization and Medical Management for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis–Hemodynamics (CREST-H) study. Dynamic contrast susceptibility MR perfusion-weighted images were post-processed with quantitative perfusion maps using deconvolution of tissue and arterial signals. The protocol derived a hemispheric TTP delay, calculated by subtraction of voxel values in the hemisphere ipsilateral minus those contralateral to the stenosis. Results Among 110 consecutive patients enrolled in CREST-H to date, 45 (41%) had TTP delay of at least 0.5 seconds and 9 (8.3%) subjects had TTP delay of at least 2.0 seconds, the maximum delay measured. For every 0.25-second increase in TTP delay above 0.5 seconds, there was a 0.006-mm (6 micron) increase in cortical thickness asymmetry. Across the range of hemodynamic impairment, TTP delay independently predicted relative cortical thinning on the side of stenosis, adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, hemisphere, smoking history, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and preexisting infarction (P=0.032). Conclusions Our findings suggest that hemodynamic impairment from high-grade asymptomatic carotid stenosis may structurally alter the cortex supplied by the stenotic carotid artery.
유전자, 신경세포, 돌고래, 그리고 인간의 자유 : 신학적 윤리와 고학의 대화
Randolph, Richard 강남대학교 2000 우원사상 논총 Vol.9 No.-
30여 년 전, 린 화이트의 짧지만 영향력있는 논문이 사이언스라는 미국잡지에 실렸다. "생태계 위기의 역사적 뿌리들"이라는 이름의 그 글은 환경에 대한 기독교 사상의 분기점으로 드러났다. 화이트는 현재 나타나고 있는 환경 위기들에 관해 성공적으로 말하기 위해서는, 사람들은 자연에 대한 그들의 태도를 먼저 검토하고 비판해야만 한다고 주장했다. 결국 이 글은 자연에 우리의 태도가 우리의 종교적 신념에 뿌리내리고 있다고 결론 내렸다. 화이트는 자신의 확신을 "사람들이 자신들의 생태계에 대해 행하는 것은 그들 주위의 사물들과 그들 자신의 관계에 대해서 그들이 생각하는 것에 의존한다. 인간의 생태학은 우리의 본성과 운명에 대한 믿음, 즉 종교에 의해 깊이 조건 지워진다." 고 표현했다.
Graves, Randolph A. 대한기계학회 1982 大韓機械學會誌 Vol.22 No.4
머지않은 장래에는 이러한 초컴퓨터와 신기술들이 유체역학의 주요한 발전을 주도하고, 오랫동안 취급하지 못하였던 난류유통도 해석할 수 있을 것이며, 복잡한 비행기 형상의 외부 유통도 발 전된 형체막형화 기법과 격자발생법 및 그래픽 기술을 이용하여 손쉽게 계산될 것이다. 금세기 말까지의 공기역학의 발전은 주로 공기의 탄성효과를 고려한 비정상압축성 공기역학에서 이루 어질 것이다.