Trunk Injection of Citrus Trees with a Polymeric Nanobactericide Reduces Huanglongbing Severity Caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus

Ramiro Guerrero-Santos,Gabriela Cabrales-Orona,John Paul Délano-Frier,Judith Cabello-Romero,José Román Torres-Lubián,José Humberto Valenzuela-Soto 한국식물병리학회 2024 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.40 No.1

Huanglongbing (HLB) is a disease caused by the phloem- limited Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) that affects the citrus industry worldwide. To date, only indirect strategies have been implemented to eradicate HLB. Included among these is the population control of the psyllid vector (Diaphorina citri), which usually provides inconsistent results. Even though strategies for direct CLas suppression seem a priori more promising, only a handful of reports have been focused on a confrontation of the pathogen. Recent developments in polymer chemistry have allowed the design of polycationic self-assembled block copolymers with outstanding antibacterial capabilities. Here, we report the use of polymeric nano-sized bactericide particles (PNB) to control CLas directly in the phloem vasculature. The field experiments were performed in Rioverde, San Luis Potosí, and is one of the most important citrusproducing regions in Mexico. An average 52% reduction in the bacterial population was produced when PNB was injected directly into the trunk of 20 infected trees, although, in some cases, reduction levels reached 97%. These results position PNB as a novel and promising nanotechnological tool for citrus crop protection against CLas and other related pathogens.

Germ Cell Development in Non-Rodent Mammals

Ramiro Alberio 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2013 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the embryonic precursors of mature gametes. In mice, primordial germ cells originate from lineage restricted precursors that are segregated from the undifferentiated epiblast. During the development of germ cells a remarkable epigenetic reprogramming takes place, which is thought to be essential for preventing the inheritance of epimutations in the offspring. Furthermore, PGC can be isolated and will convert into naïve pluripotent embryonic germ cells (EG) when cultured in vitro. These cells have the capacity to differentiate into all somatic tissues and generate germline chimeras efficiently. These features suggest that PGC could be an alternative source of pluripotent cells in large animals species, where establishment of pluripotent cell lines from preimplantation embryos has been very challenging. Our lab investigates the kinetics of germ cell development in the pig embryo and studies the signalling pathways involved in the generation of germ cell precursors from pluripotent cells. We find that pig PGCs undergo epigenetic reprogramming over an extended period of time during the migratory phase, involving the erasure of H3K9-me2 and acquisition of H3K27me3. This is also followed by extensive DNA demethylation and erasure of imprinted loci in cells arriving to the gonadal primordium. We have also established that BMP4 plays an important in inducing the germline in this species, as shown in human and mouse species. Having established the critical timepoints of germ cell establishment we are now developing protocols for the establishment of EG cell lines as well as working on the differentiation of pluripotent cells into in vitro gametes. A detailed study of the kinetics of germ cell ontogeny in the pig will inform into the conserved mechanisms of germ cell development in mammals and is of critical importance for developing safe technologies that will enable the generation of EG cell lines and in vitro gametes.

Modeling, Design and Vision-Based Control of a Low-Cost Electric Power Wheelchair Prototype

Ramiro Velá,zquez,Abraham Camacho,Benjamí,n Romero 동국대학교 정보융합기술원 2009 International Journal of Assistive Robotics and Sy Vol.10 No.3

This paper presents the design, modeling, control and experimental platform of a low-cost intelligent wheelchair for the motor-disabled. The first prototype developed is an electric power wheelchair which cost is one third of the commercially available ones and is capable of both manual and autonomous operation. Manual operation relies on a joystick and is intended for people that, in spite of their disability, are well capable of maneuvering the wheelchair. Autonomous operation relies on a mobile robotics inspired computer vision system to navigate through corridors, halls, indoors/outdoors, among other structured environments and is indented for the severely impaired, such as the tetraplegics. Besides from being an affordable-to-everyone device, its current application is museum guidance: the wheelchair guides the user among the museum's rooms while providing audio information.

Domestic Violence in Urban Filipino Families

RAMIRO, Laurie Serquina,MADRID, Bernadette J.,AMARILLO, Ma. Lourdes E. Asian Center for Women's Study ; Ewha Womans Unive 2004 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.10 No.2

The magnitude and characteristics of domestic violence in an urban community in the Philippines are described in this paper, using an ecological framework that tried to link individual, family and community factors. In particular, this study has sought to determine the prevalence of domestic violence and establish significant associations among identified risk factors and violence perpetrated by spouses in urban Filipino families. A random community survey was conducted among ever-partnered women aged 15-49 years and residing in selected barangays in Paco, Manila. The WorldSAFE (World Studies of Abuse in Family Environment) standardized instrument and field methods, translated and pre-tested in Tagalog, were used to collect the data. Information was gathered via interviews conducted by trained enumerators. The results indicate that 47.2 percent of the women respondents had experienced psychological and physical violence at the hands of their intimate partners during their lifetimes. Twenty-me percent experienced domestic violence perpetrated by their current partners in the past year. Of the latter, about 31 percent suffered physical maltreatment and 68 percent experienced psycho-logical abuse. The leading types of physical maltreatment were repeated slapping, kicking and beating, even during pregnancy. Major psychological abuse included insulting, belittling and use of threats. Recommendations have been made to strengthen current programs to assist women victims of domestic violence. Future research should focus on the evaluation of these interventions.

Repair of seismically damaged RC bridge bent with ductile steel bracing

Ramiro Bazaez,Peter Dusicka 국제구조공학회 2018 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.26 No.6

The inclusion of a ductile steel bracing as means of repairing an earthquake-damaged bridge bent is evaluated and experimentally assessed for the purposes of restoring the damaged bent's strength and stiffness and further improving the energy dissipation capacity. The study is focused on substandard reinforced concrete multi-column bridge bents constructed in the 1950 to mid-1970 in the United States. These types of bents have numerous deficiencies making them susceptible to seismic damage. Large-scale experiments were used on a two-column reinforced concrete bent to impose considerable damage of the bent through increasing amplitude cyclic deformations. The damaged bent was then repaired by installing a ductile fuse steel brace in the form of a buckling-restrained brace in a diagonal configuration between the columns and using post-tensioned rods to strengthen the cap beam. The brace was secured to the bent using steel gusset plate brackets and post-installed adhesive anchors. The repaired bent was then subjected to increasing amplitude cyclic deformations to reassess the bent performance. A subassemblage test of a nominally identical steel brace was also conducted in an effort to quantify and isolate the ductile fuse behavior. The experimental data from these large-scale experiments were analyzed in terms of the hysteretic response, observed damage, internal member loads, as well as the overall stiffness and energy dissipation characteristics. The results of this study demonstrated the effectiveness of utilizing ductile steel bracing for restoring the bent and preventing further damage to the columns and cap beams while also improving the stiffness and energy dissipation characteristics.

Copper and Zinc Bioaccumulation and Bioavailability of Ganoderma lucidum

Ramiro González Matute,Analia Serra,Debora Figlas,Néstor Curvetto 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.10

Ganoderma lucidum is a widely recognized medicinal mushroom. The bioaccumulation and potential bioavailability of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), which are essentials for human health, were analyzed in G. lucidum mycelium and fruit bodies grown in the presence of these metals to test their potential utility as a food dietary supplement. Mycelia grown in culture medium with non-mycotoxic doses of Cu or Zn (25 and 50 mg/kg) were selected for evaluation of the bioavailability of these metals in the gastrointestinal tract by using an in vitro simulated digestion system. One gram of dried mycelium grown in the presence of 50 mg/kg Cu or Zn showed a bioavailability of 19% for Cu and 2% for Zn of the recommended daily intake (RDI). When production of fruit bodies was evaluated, the highest biological efficiency (23%) was reached when the substrate was enriched with 100 mg/kg Cu. Cu and Zn contents obtained either before or after digestion of fruit bodies from all metal-enriched treatments were substantially lower than those from metal-enriched mycelia. The metal bioavailability was also low: 1.5% of the Cu RDI and almost negligible for Zn. The results are discussed in relation to the RDI values exhibited by two commercial supplements. The potential incorporation of these mineral-enriched mycelia/fruit bodies in capsules, infusions, and dietary supplements is evaluated.

라틴아메리카의 커뮤니케이션 硏究에 導入된 패러다임 및 方法論에 關하여

Luis Ramiro Beltrans,한은경,윤석년 성균관대학교 신문방송학과 1984 신문방송학보 Vol.2 No.-

Association of Dietary Intake of Polyphenols with an Adequate Nutritional Profile in Postpartum Women from Argentina

Agustin Ramiro Miranda,Ana Veronica Scotta,Mariela Valentina Cortez,Nerea Gonzalez-Garcia,Maria Purificacion Galindo-Vil,Elio Andres Soria 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.27 No.1

HJ-Biplot analysis is a multivariate graphic representation that collects data covariation structure between variables and individuals to represent them in a low-dimensional space with the highest quality in the same reference system. Consequently, it is a promising technique for evaluating dietary exposure to polyphenols and accurately characterizing female nutrition. Herein, we hypothesized that polyphenol intake defines specific clusters with dietary impacts, which can be assessed using HJ-Biplot, based on a cross-sectional study in Argentina. The study included 275 healthy postpartum women who provided information about their food frequency intake and other conditions, which were then used to evaluate polyphenolic intake using the Phenol-Explorer database. Outcomes were established using HJ-Biplot for clustering and ANOVA to compare their impact on diet quality indicators. Two HJ-Biplot models were run (for intakes >20 mg/d and 5∼20 mg/d, respectively) to identify three clusters per model with excellent statistical fitness to explain the data. Thus, specific polyphenolic clusters with potentially bioactive and safe compounds were defined despite significant interindividual variability. In fact, women with the lowest polyphenolic intake exhibited worse dietary quality, body fat, and physical activity. As a result, HJ-Biplot proved to be an effective technique for clustering women based on their dietary intake of these compounds. Furthermore, cluster membership improved the intake of antioxidants, water, fiber, and healthy fats. Additionally, women with formal jobs and a higher educational level showed a better diet. Dietary polyphenols are critical during postpartum because they exert beneficial effects on women and breastfed infants.

LA CULTURA ESPAÑOLA EN NUESTROS DIAS

Por Ramiro Pé,rez-Maura 한국외국어대학교 중남미연구소 1983 중남미연구 Vol.3 No.-

LA CULTURA ESPANIOLA EN NUESTROS DIAS

Por Ramiro Perez-Maura Duque de Maura 韓國外國語大學校 中南美問題硏究所 1983 중남미연구 Vol.3 No.-

No resulta fa'cil en corto espacio de tiempo dar una idea no completa sino siquiera aproximada del partimonio cultural de un pueblo con tan larga tradicio'n como es el de Espan'a. Con una cultura que no se ha limitado solamente a la peninsula iberica sino a todos los paises que, si bien hoy independientes, siempre han estado vinculados por su historia, la raza, la religion y como no, la lengua.