Multi-rate fluid scheduling of mixed-criticality systems on multiprocessors

Ramanathan, Saravanan,Easwaran, Arvind,Cho, Hyeonjoong Kluwer Academic Publishers 2018 Real-time systems Vol.54 No.2

The Electronic and Thermoelectric Properties of Si_1-xV_x Alloys from First Principles

Ramanathan, Amall Ahmed,Khalifeh, Jamil Mahmoud Korean Society of Microscopy 2017 Applied microscopy Vol.47 No.3

The effect of temperature and vanadium metal concentration on the electronic and thermoelectric properties of Si in the diamond cubic structure has been investigated using a combination of density functional theory simulations and the semi classical Boltzmann's theory. The BotzTrap code within the constant relaxation time approximation has been used to obtain the Seebeck coefficient and other transport properties of interest for alloys of the structure $Si_{1-x}V_x$, where x is 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, and 0.5. The thermoelectric properties have been extracted for a temperature range of 300 K to 1,000 K. The general trend with V atom substitution for Si causes the Seeback coefficient to increase and the thermal conductivity to decrease for the various alloys. The optimum values are for $Si_5V_3$ and $Si_4V_4$ alloys for charge carrier concentrations of $10^{21}cm^{-3}$ in the mid temperature range of 500~800 K. This is a very desirable effect for a promising thermoelectric and the figure of merit ZT approaches 0.2 at 600 K for the p-type $Si_5V_3$ alloy.

Interferon Induced Transmembrane Protein-1 Gene Expression is a Biomarker for Early Detection of Invasive Potential of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Ramanathan, Arvind Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Background: Early detection of malignant transformation with expression biomarkers has significant potential to improve the survival rate of patients as such biomarkers enable prediction of progression and assess sensitivity to chemotherapy. The expression of interferon inducible transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) has been associated with early invasion events in several carcinomas, including head and neck cancers, and hence has been proposed as a novel candidate biomarker. As the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is highest in the Indian population, we sought to investigate: 1) the expression pattern of IFITM1 in OSCC tissue samples obtained from Indian patients of Dravidian origin; and 2) the possibility of using IFITM1 expression as a potential biomarker. Materials and Methods: Total RNA extracted from thirty eight OSCC biopsy samples was subjected to semi-quantitative RT-PCR with IFITM1 and GAPDH specific primers. Results: Of the thirty eight OSCC samples that were analyzed, IFITM1 overexpression was identified in fifteen (39%). Seven expressed a low level, while the remainder expressed high level of IFITM1. Conclusions: The overexpression of IFITM1 in OSCC samples indicates that IFITM1 may be explored for the possibility of use as a high confidence diagnostic biomarker in oral cancers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that IFITM1 overexpression is being reported in Indian OSCC samples.

The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study : Does This Finally Prove the Lipid Hypothesis?

Ramanathan, Krishnan,White, Harvey Medical Publications Korea 1995 Medical Progress Vol.17 No.8

Predicting the degree of reaction of supplementary cementitious materials in cementitious pastes using a pozzolanic test

Ramanathan, Sivakumar,Moon, Hoon,Croly, Michael,Chung, Chul-Woo,Suraneni, Prannoy Elsevier 2019 Construction and Building Materials Vol.204 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A pozzolanic test that can correctly identify pozzolanic materials is key in the search for alternative supplementary cementitious material (SCMs). Determination of the degree of reaction of these alternative SCMs in cementitious pastes is also important, as the reactivity of certain SCMs can be quite low. Since typical methods to determine SCM degree of reaction can be complex and laborious, the current study explores whether parameters obtained from a newly developed pozzolanic test can potentially be used to develop a simple method for determining the degree of reaction of SCMs. In the pozzolanic test, (cumulative) heat release and calcium hydroxide consumption of SCMs from a mixture of SCM and calcium hydroxide (water-to-solids ratio 0.9, pH 13.5, and testing temperature of 50 °C) are measured. Corresponding values of cumulative heat release and calcium hydroxide consumption of SCMs in a cementitious paste are also measured at two different water-cementitious materials (w/cm) ratios. The ratio between the values of cumulative heat release and the calcium hydroxide consumption in the cementitious paste and the pozzolanic test are considered to be measures of degree of reaction. Four different SCMs – class F fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, metakaolin, and undensified silica fume were tested in this study. The effect of temperature and w/cm on degree of reaction were assessed. Degree of reaction values obtained from this method were compared with those from obtained from a portlandite consumption method suggested in literature and from typical values suggested in literature. Good correlation (R<SUP>2</SUP> = 0.87) is obtained for the degree of reaction values determined here using the calcium hydroxide ratio and the portlandite consumption method. The degree of reaction values increase as the temperature increases but do not strongly depend on w/cm. The degree of reaction values are in general agreement with the range of values obtained from literature, however, this range is rather large, and the values depend strongly on the method used to determine degree of reaction. These preliminary results are promising and suggest that this method may potentially be used to provide information about pozzolanicity and degree of reaction of various SCMs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Pozzolanic test was used to develop two measures for SCM degree of reaction. </LI> <LI> Degree of reaction increases as temperature increases but does not depend on w/cm. </LI> <LI> Values generally agree with those from literature. </LI> <LI> Preliminary results are promising. </LI> </UL> </P>

The Moderating Effect of Operations Efficiency on the Links between Environmental Performance and Financial Performance: The UK Evidence

Ramanathan, Ramakrishnan,Akanni, Adewole Oluwatomi Asian Society for Innovation and Policy 2015 Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy Vol.4 No.1

Drawing upon the resource-based-view of a firm, we investigate the moderating role of operations efficiency on the link between environmental and financial performance. Extant literature has highlighted that operations efficiency is closely associated with the environmental/financial performance of firms, but no empirical study has investigated how operations efficiency affects the link between environmental and financial performance. We argue that operations efficiency could act as a moderator of this relationship. To test the hypothesized relationships, we have used available secondary quantitative UK data, namely data on the environmental/financial performance of Britain's most admired companies. By employing moderated regression analysis, we have found strong evidence for the moderating impact of operations efficiency. Our results are useful to managers in that they show that improvements in operations efficiency in a company can also help improve environmental/financial performance and vice versa.

Toxicity of nanoparticles_ challenges and opportunities

Ramanathan, Amall Korean Society of Microscopy 2019 Applied microscopy Vol.49 No.0

Nanomaterials (NMs) find widespread use in different industries that range from agriculture, food, medicine, pharmaceuticals, and electronics to cosmetics. It is the exceptional properties of these materials at the nanoscale, which make them successful as growth promoters, drug carriers, catalysts, filters and fillers, but a price must be paid via the potential toxity of these materials. The harmful effects of nanoparticles (NPs) to environment, human and animal health needs to be investigated and critically examined, to find appropriate solutions and lower the risks involved in the manufacture and use of these exotic materials. The vast number and complex interaction of NM/NPs with different biological systems implies that there is no universal toxicity mechanism or assessment method. The various challenges need to be overcome and a number of research studies have been conducted during the past decade on different NMs to explore the possible mechanisms of uptake, concentrations/dosage and toxicity levels. This review article examines critically the recent reports in this field to summarize and present opportunities for safer design using case studies from published literature.

Alzheimer’s Disease Shape Detection Model in Brain Magnetic Resonance Images Via Whale Optimization with Kernel Support Vector Machine

Ramanathan Shalini,Ramasundaram Mohan 대한전기학회 2023 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.18 No.3

Structural brain imaging is a significant part of detecting the brain’s changes related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It harms the brain cells, and the earlier identification becomes the need to provide proper medication. Magnetic resonance imaging is widely applied to identify and analyze the disease’s growth, influencing the medication process. This view keeps designing the computer-aided diagnosis tool for distinguishing images with AD. This study develops an efficient automatic diagnosis model for brain MRI affected by AD. The presented model initially employs a discrete wavelet transform for feature extraction and then used principal component analysis for feature reduction. The kernel support vector machine with a whale optimization algorithm is applied for parameter optimization. An extensive simulation is executed to confirm the superiority level of the presented model. The experimental results say that the WOA-KSVM model is an appropriate diagnostic tool for screening AD.

Development and Clinical Evaluation of Dendritic Cell Vaccines for HPV Related Cervical Cancer - a Feasibility Study

Ramanathan, Priya,Ganeshrajah, Selvaluxmy,Raghanvan, Rajalekshmi Kamalalayam,Singh, Shirley Sundar,Thangarajan, Rajkumar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Human papillomavirus infection (HPV) and HPV related immune perturbation play important roles in the development of cervical cancer. Since mature dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells (APC), they could be primed by HPV antigens against cervical cancers. In this study we were able to generate, maintain and characterize, both phenotypically and functionally, patient specific dendritic cells in vitro. A randomized Phase I trial with three arms - saline control (arm I), unprimed mature DC (arm II) and autologous tumor lysate primed mature DC (arm III) and fourteen patients was conducted. According to WHO criteria, grade 0 or grade one toxicity was observed in three patients. One patient who received tumor lysate primed dendritic cells and later cis-platin chemotherapy showed a complete clinical response of her large metastatic disease and remained disease free for more than 72 months. Our findings indicate that DC vaccines hold promise as adjuvant sfor cervical cancer treatment and further studies to improve their efficacy need to be conducted.

Oral Extranodal Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Series of Forty Two Cases in Malaysia

Ramanathan, Anand,Mahmoud, Hagir Abd Rahman,Hui, Lew Pit,Mei, Ng Yan,Valliappan, Valliammai,Zain, Rosnah Binti Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.4

Background: Lymphoma is a malignant neoplasm of lymphoid tissue classified into Hodgkin's and non- Hodgkin's types. It mostly affects lymph nodes although a considerable proportion of Non-Hodgkin's cases occur in extranodal sites. Materials and Methods: Selected cases diagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) during the period of 1980 to 2012 were retrieved from the archives of the Oral Pathology Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya. The sections from the formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks were stained with H&E as well as with LCA, CD20, and CD3. Results: The mean age was 41.6 years with a male: female ratio of 1.3:1. Out of the forty two cases, nineteen were Malays, eighteen were Chinese, followed by Indians (3) and Indonesians (2). The most common site of involvement was the mandible (22.2%), followed by the maxilla and palate (19.4% each). Most of the lesions presented as a painless progressive swelling. Only thirty six cases were further subdivided into B or T cell types. The majority were B-cell type (26 cases), of these 6 cases were Burkitt's lymphomas. Only ten cases were T-cell lymphoma, with three cases of NK/T-cell lymphoma. Conclusions: In this series of 42 patients diagnosed as extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the lesions appeared as painless swellings, mostly in men with the mandible as the most frequent site of involvement. Majority were B-cell lymphomas with Malays and Chinese being equally affected whereas lymphomas were rare in the Indian ethnicity. T-cell lymphomas were found to be common in the Chinese ethnic group.