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An In sight into Novel Drug Delivery System: In Situ Gels
Bashir, Rabiah,Maqbool, Mudasir,Ara, Irfat,Zehravi, Mehrukh Cellmed Orthocellular Medicine and Pharmaceutical 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.1
In situ gelling devices, as they enter the body, are dosage forms in the shape of the sol but turn into gel types under physiological circumstances. Transition from sol to gel is contingent on one or a mixture of diverse stimuli, such as transition of pH control of temperature, irradiation by UV, by the occurrence of certain ions or molecules. Such characteristic features may be commonly employed in drug delivery systems for the production of bioactive molecules for continuous delivery vehicles. The technique of in situ gelling has been shown to be impactful in enhancing the potency of local or systemic drugs supplied by non-parenteral pathways, increasing their period of residence at the absorption site. Formulation efficacy is further improved with the use of mucoadhesive agents or the use of polymers with both in situ gelling properties and the ability to bind with the mucosa/mucus. The most popular and common approach in recent years has provided by the use of polymers with different in situ gelation mechanisms for synergistic action between polymers in the same formulation. In situ gelling medicine systems in recent decades have received considerable interest. Until administration, it is in a sol-zone and is able to form gels in response to various endogenous factors, for e.g elevated temperature, pH changes and ions. Such systems can be used in various ways for local or systemic supply of drugs and successfully also as vehicles for drug-induced nano- and micro-particles. In this review we will discuss about various aspects about use of these in situ gels as novel drug delivery systems.
Manzer H. Siddiqui,Saud A. Alamri,Mutahhar Y. Al-Khaishany,Mohammed A. Al-Qutami,Hayssam M. Ali,Hala AL-Rabiah,Hazem M. Kalaji 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.6
Due to increasing soil salinity, the world agricultural output is being threatened by the shrinking area offertile land. In the present study, we explored the interactive roles of nitric oxide (NO; 100 μM) and spermidine (SP;200 μM) in ameliorating the effects of salt stress (NaCl; 100 mM) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. var. FiveStar) seedlings. NaCl stress reduced shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight, shoot and root dry weightplant-1 and leaf area leaf-1. NaCl stress also suppressed the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments (Chlorophyll aand b) and increased proline (Pro) content, membrane damage and lipid peroxidation by inducing reactive oxygenspecies (H2O2 and O2•−) generation in roots and leaves, as well as electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde(MDA) accumulation in leaves. However, applying NO and/or SP increased the activities of catalase, peroxidase,superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase and increased photosynthetic pigment (chlorophylla and b) and Pro accumulation, as well as reducing H2O2, O2•− and MDA content and EL, under salt stress. Whentomato plants were treated with NO and SP simultaneously, NO signaling was further enhanced, which was confirmedby the addition of cPTIO [2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide; NO scavenger].