Bioconversion of ginsenoside Rc into Rd by a novel α-L-arabinofuranosidase, Abf22-3 from Leuconostoc sp. 22-3: cloning, expression, and enzyme characterization.

Liu, Qing-Mei,Jung, Hae-Min,Cui, Chang-Hao,Sung, Bong-Hyun,Kim, Jin-Kwang,Kim, Song-Gun,Lee, Sung-Taik,Kim, Sun-Chang,Im, Wan-Taek N.V. Swets en Zeitlinger 2013 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Vol.103 No.4

<P>A novel α-L-arabinofuranosidase (Abf22-3) that could biotransform ginsenoside Rc into Rd was obtained from the ginsenoside converting Leuconostoc sp. strain 22-3, isolated from the Korean fermented food kimchi. The gene, termed abf22-3, consisting of 1,527 bp and encoding a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 58,486 Da was cloned into the pMAL-c2x (TEV) vector. A BLAST search using the Abf22-3's amino acid sequence revealed significant homology to that of family 51 glycoside hydrolases. The over-expressed recombinant Abf22-3 in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) catalyzed the hydrolysis of the arabinofuranoside moiety attached to the C-20 position of ginsenoside Rc under optimal conditions of pH 6.0 and 30 C. This result indicated that Abf22-3 selectively converts ginsenoside Rc into Rd, but did not catalyze the hydrolysis of glucopyranosyl groups from Rc or other ginsenosides such as Rb1 and Rb2. Over-expressed recombinant enzymes were purified by two steps with amylose-affinity and DEAE-cellulose chromatography and then characterized. The kinetic parameters for α-L-arabinofuranosidase showed apparent Km and Vmax values of 0.95 0.02 μM and 1.2 0.1 μmol min(-1) mg of protein(-1) against p-nitrophenyl-α-L-arabinofuranoside, respectively. Using a purified MBP-Abf22-3 (10 μg/ml), 0.1 % of ginsenoside Rc was completely converted to ginsenoside Rd within 20 min.</P>

New K-Ar Ages and Geologic Significance of Igneous Rocks in the South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica

Qing-Min Jin,Guang-Fu Xing 한국해양과학기술원 1996 KOREAN JOURNAL of Polar Research Vol.7 No.1·2

Differences in Rice stripe virus transmission abilities of Laodelphax striatellus (Homoptera: Delphacidae) from four geographical populations

Qing-Qing Gui,Xi-Min Shi,Fang Liu 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.3

The small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén), can transfer Rice stripe virus (RSV) to host plants,which then develop rice stripe disease. Between vectors, there are two paths for RSV transmission. In currentstudy, we examined the horizontal, vertical and compound transmission rates (horizontal and vertical transmissionstogether) by L. striatellus from one non-epidemic area (Fuyang in Zhejiang province) and three epidemicareas (Yizheng and Peixian in Jiangsu province, and Donggang in Liaoning province). RSV acquisition rates fornaïve L. striatellus from the four populations were not significantly different. RSV transmission rate to healthyrice plants by viruliferous L. striatellus from Fuyang population was relatively lower than those of the otherthree populations. For example, RSV transmission rate in Fuyang population decreased by 1 fold compared tothat in Peixian population when the transmission times were 48 and 72 h. It indicated that horizontal transmissionability of Fuyang population was lower. Vertical transmission rate and the compound transmission abilitiesof infective L. striatellus in the first generation did not differ significantly among the four populations. However,the ratio of RSV-positive offspring of an infective mother in the fourth generation of Fuyang population (84.3 ±2.4%) was lowest, and decreased by 10% compared to that of Peixian population. It meant that compound transmissionability of Fuyang population was significantly lower than the other three populations. The reason for thedifference in transmission abilities of L. striatellus from different populations was discussed.

Comparison of Hybridization Behavior between Double and Single Strand of Targets and the Application of Asymmetric PCR Targets in cDNA Microarray

( Qing Wei ),( San Zhen Liu ),( Jian Feng Huang ),( Xue Ying Mao ),( Xiao Hui Chu ),( Yu Wang ),( Min Yan Qiu ),( Yu Min Mao ),( Yi Xie ),( Yao Li ) 생화학분자생물학회 2004 BMB Reports Vol.37 No.4

Double stranded targets on the cDNA microarray contain representatives of both the coding and noncoding strands, which will introduce hybridization competition with probes. Here, the effect of double and single strands of targets on the signal intensity and the ratios of Cy5/Cy3 within the same slide were compared. The results show that single stranded targets can increase the hybridization efficiency without changing the Cy5/Cy3 ratio. Based on these results, a new strategy was established by generating cDNA targets with asymmetric PCR, instead of conventional PCR, to increase the sensitivity of the cDNA microarray. Furthermore, the feasibility of this approach was validated. The results indicate that the cDNA microarray system based on asymmetric PCR is more sensitive, with no decrease in the reliability and reproducibility as compared with that based on conventional symmetric PCR.

[Oral Session 4] THE EFFECT OF FILLERS ON THE DEINKING OF PHOTOCOPIED PAPER

Qing-min Chen,Hou-min Chang 한국펄프·종이공학회 1999 한국펄프종이학회 기타 간행물 Vol.- No.-

Model experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of different fillers on the removal of toner ink. Combinations of different papers (commercial photocopy paper and filler-free paper), fillers (calcium carbonate, kaolin clay, and talc), and chemicals (l-octadecanol, stearic acid, oleic acid, and TOFA) were studied. In the absence of fillers, l-octadecanol, oleic acid, tall oil fatty acid (a mixture of unsaturated fatty acids consisting mainly of oleic and linoleic acids-TOFA) and stearic acid were found to be effective in detachment and agglomeration of toner ink. Furthermore, pH had little effect on toner detachment and agglomeration, indicating both protonated fatty acids and their anions are equally effective. In the presence of either kaolin clay or talc, all these agglomerating agents are equally effective, although a slightly higher dosage (1 % for clay and 2% for talc as compared with control) is required, presumably due to the adsorption of chemical by the filler. Calcium carbonate filler, on the other hand, has a significant and adverse effect on the fatty acids used but has little effect on l-octadecanol with the exception of possible adsorption. While stearic acid is not effective, a much higher level of oleic acid or TOFA is needed when calcium carbonate fillers are present as compared to the fillers case. Fatty acids react with calcium carbonate to form calcium salts. The availability of fatty acid anion for toner detachment and agglomeration is determined by the solubility of calcium salt of a given fatty acid. Calcium oleate is 10 times more soluble in water than calcium stearate.

《晩淸四十家詩鈔》與後期桐城派詩人群體譜系的重構

閔定慶(Min Ding-Qing) 동아인문학회 2007 동아인문학 Vol.12 No.-

On The Anthology of Forty Poets in the Late Period of Qing Dynasty in three volumes, was completed by Wu Kaisheng in 1925. Volume 1 and Volume 2 were excerptions of the works written by the pivotal poets in TongCheng school in its terminal period, and Volume 3 collected the poems from some other poets of the WanTang style school, the TongGuang style school, the HanWei LiuChao style school, etc. By constructing a frame of strength combination in the terminal TongCheng school which had Wu Rulun as the core in a quite length, the anthology had great value as reference that it explored the collation and summarize of the genesis of the TongCheng school's esthetics in a certain profundity, and what more, it also re expatiated the aesthetic worth whose pith was the poetics of Du Fu and Huang Tingjian.

Low Expression of Tyrosine-protein Phosphatase Nonreceptor Type 12 is Associated with Lymph Node Metastasis and Poor Prognosis in Operable Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Wu, Min-Qing,Hu, Pan,Gao, Jie,Wei, Wei-Dong,Xiao, Xiang-Sheng,Tang, Hai-Lin,Li, Xing,Ge, Qi-Dong,Jia, Wei-Hua,Liu, Ren-Bin,Xie, Xiao-Ming Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.1

Background: Low tyrosine-protein phosphatase nonreceptor type 12 (PTPN12) expression may be associated with breast cancer growth, proliferation, and metastasis. However, the prognostic value of PTPN12 in breast cancer has not been clearly identified. Patients and Methods: 51 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients and 83 non-TNBC patients with a histopathology diagnosis from October 2001 to September 2006 were included in this study. Immunohistochemical staining for PTPN12 on tissue microarrays was conducted. Results: High PTPN12 expression was seen in 39.2% of TNBC and 60.2 % of non-TNBC cases. Low PTPN12 expression was associated with lymph node status (p = 0.002) and distant metastatic relapse (p = 0.002) in TNBC patients. Similarly, low PTPN12 expression in non-TNBC patients was significantly correlated with lymph node status (p = 0.002), stage (p = 0.002) and distant metastatic relapse (p = 0.039). The high PTPN12 expression group was associated with longer DFS and OS compared with low PTPN12 expression group only in TNBC cases (p = 0.005, p = 0.015), according to univariate Cox regression analysis. Conclusion: These findings provide evidence that low expression of PTPN12 is associated with worse prognosis and may be used as a potential prognostic biomarker in TNBC patients.

The Roles of Integrative Leadership in Enhancing Organizational Effectiveness in the Chinese Public Sector: A Research Note

( Sung Min Park ),( Qing Miao ),( Min Young Kim ) 한국행정학회 2013 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2013 No.-

This research paper uses the social capital perspective to revisit the much-discussed and as yet intriguing research question: the role of leadership behaviors in generating positive organizational attitudes and behaviors within the Asian context. The main purpose of this study is threefold: (1) to verify whether three leadership styles (i.e., servant leadership, ethical leadership, and participative leadership) contribute to enhancing organizational trust and commitment, (2) to test the full and partial mediating roles of organizational trust and commitment in the relationship between the three leadership predictors and organizational outcomes (i.e., in-role performance and managerial accountability), and (3) to probe indirect leadership impacts on performance and accountability outcomes. Using the alumni database (for 10 years, from 2001 to 2010) of the department of public administration at Zhejiang University, we constructed a survey (2011) (all items are selfreported: first round: 362 participants; second round: 300 participants; third round: 252 participants; valid sample size: 239 participants) that measured public employees` perceptions and behaviors in public organizations such as regarding leadership, commitment, HR policies, perceived organizational state, OCB, job tension, and trust. We employed exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to operationalize the variables and confirm the latent constructs from the relevant survey questions. Second, to confirm the total direct and indirect effects, we employed a full structural equation model (SEM) (i.e., a measurement model with a path model) to test the interrelationships among variables and to assess the relative strength of each variable. The results of this study are interesting as they show that ethical and participative leadership behaviors are positively and significantly associated with organizational trust and commitment in the Chinese public sector. Based on a discussion of the main findings, various research and practical implications for public management theory and practice are provided.

從"韓愈崇拜"到"六一”情結 -試論饒鍔散文論述的體驗化傾向

민정경 ( Ding Qing Min ) 한국중국산문학회 2014 중국산문연구집간 Vol.4 No.-

Mr. RAO E is a prestigious scholar in modern Chaozhou academic circle; he devoted his life to Chinese classical learning and had many works. He is also the leader of Chaozhou literary, and had made a remarkable achievement in poems, prose and antithetical couplet .RAO E identity the theory of creation based on the nature and inherent quality,such as injustice provokes outcry and All will go to the Dao while fellow its nature, but also learn the essence of famaous write in Tang and Song dynasties and Ming and Qing dynasties to follow the rules of Tongcheng which start form Han-yu’s prose and formed elegant and, and slow, mellow aesthetic style which based on the theory of readable and fluent and then merged the prose’s good points of Ou Yangxiu, GUI You guang and Dai Mingshi, His literature theory of prose and aesthetic evaluation is based on the aesthetic style of experience thinking and interpretation, highlights moment and transitional characteristic Which in the modern culture transition period.

고정희와 최승자 시에 나타난 모성성

팽경민(Peng, Qing-min) 한국비평문학회 2013 批評文學 Vol.- No.47

본고는 한국의 80년대 여류시인 고정희와 최승자의 여성주의 시에 나타난 모성성을 고찰하였다. 모성성은 여성을 어머니라는 이름으로 임신과 출산, 수유, 양육에 제한하고자 하는 가부장제의 지배 이데올로기로 작용해 왔기 때문이다. 고정희는 가부장제 아래서 도구적 존재로 전락한 여성의 자궁이 지닌 생명성에 주목하여 어머니가 생명의 근본, 인간 세계의 근본을 품고 있다고 해석함으로써 기존의 모성의 신화를 무너뜨린다. 그리고 ‘어머니의 혼과 정신’을 ‘해방된 인간성의 본’으로 삼고 모신(母神)으로 파악함으로써 치유와 화해의 미래를 지향한다. 고정희가 궁극적으로 지향하는 이상향은 남성 중심세계의 타파가 아니라 성별 초극의 이상향 실현이다. 그리고 그것은 모성으로서의 포용과 사랑의 실천으로 가능하다고 노래한다. 최승자 역시 어머니의 자궁이 만물의 원천이자 우주적 주체로서의 생명임을 표현한다. 또한 자신의 내면 풍경을 상징화하는 도구로서만 바라보던 자신의 몸이 생명의 모태이며 어머니의 자궁이 곧 자신의 정체성을 확인시켜 주는 우주의 근원이라는 각성에 이른다. 출산과 관련한 어머니의 자궁 이미지는 바다의 이미지와 결합되며 해방과 생명 탄생의 이미지로 ‘새’가 제시된다. 상처 받은 ‘새’의 이미지는 여성이 삶의 주체로 서고자 할 때 감내해야 할 고통의 상징이다. 최승자는 시집 『연인들』에 이르러 ‘새’의 이미지를 통해 단절과 유폐가 아니라 소통과 교감을 노래함으로써 성별 초극과 합일의 새 세상을 암시한다. This thesis aims at studying maternal characteristics of poems of Koh Junghee and Choi Seungja who were at work of feminism poems in 1980s. In their poems they suggest that the maternal characteristics have played a role as the instruments of pregnancy, childbirth, feeding and raising children in the ideology of patriarchy. Koh Junghee demolishes existing myth of basic maternal characteristics by focusing on the live characteristics of woman’s womb which have been abused as a mere instrument under the patriarchy. She regards the maternity as a origin of life, the foundation of human world and unlimited humanity. She intends to consider the maternity as Goddess, the resources of healing and reconciliation. Koh Junghee ultimately aims at the realization of Utopia without the gender discrimination in her poems. She does not intend to just demolish the patriarchy. She insists that the realization of Utopia is possible by the maternal generosity and practice of maternal love. Choi Seungja expresses mother’s womb as the universal subject as the origin of all materials. In addition. she realizes that her body, the mother’s womb is not a mere instrument of childbirth but a real resource of life. In the poems of Choi Seungja, the image of mother’s womb related to childbirth is combined with the image of sea and ‘bird’ is a symbol of pain that women suffer from trying to stand as a subject of life. In collection of her poems, 『Lovers』, through using an image of a bird, she implies the new world as the unified world of communication and communion in which the gender discrimination is overcome.