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An investigation of the nasal flow by several numerical models
S.K. Kim,Q.L. Huynh,J.H. Park 대한기계학회 2009 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2009 No.5
During respiration cycle, the inhaled air is filtered, tempered and humidified along the airway. It is believed that the nasal physiology is strongly dependent on the physical structure of the nose. There are several approaches to investigate the nasal air flow numerically, but there are still remaining questions. One of the uncertainties is whether the flow to be laminar or turbulent during the respiratory cycle. In this study, the numerical simulation of the airflow is carried out in one nostril model of the normal nasal cavity. Finite volume method is chosen to investigate the flow by several turbulence and laminar models with the validation by PIV experimental data. By comparing the flow field solutions by various numerical models with experimental data, it is found that Reynolds Stress model successfully predict the nasal flow field. For the flow that is almost laminar, solutions by Reynolds stress model and laminar model are almost identical while k-e model shows a discrepancy.
Xu, Q.,Chen, M.,Chen, W.,Liu, H.X.,Kim, B.H.,Ahn, B.K. Elsevier Science 2008 ACTA MATERIALIA Vol.56 No.3
(Na<SUB>0.5</SUB>Bi<SUB>0.5</SUB>)<SUB>0.93</SUB>Ba<SUB>0.07</SUB>TiO<SUB>3</SUB> ceramics with added 0-0.8 wt.% CoO were prepared by a citrate method and the influence of the CoO additive on the structure and electrical properties of the ceramics was investigated. All the specimens maintained a rhombohedral-tetragonal phase coexistence in crystal structure and the addition of CoO caused a remarkably promoted grain growth. Adding CoO led to a disappearance of the response in the dielectric constant (ε<SUB>r</SUB>) to the ferroelectric-antiferroelectric transition and increased the diffuseness of the dielectric constant peak around 230<SUP>o</SUP>C. Polarization-electric field hysteresis loops at varied temperatures revealed that adding CoO served to increase the depolarization temperature (T<SUB>d</SUB>). The addition of CoO tailored the dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties at room temperature basically following a hard doped effect. The specimen with 0.8 wt.% CoO added showed a low dissipation factor (tanδ) of 0.8% and a high mechanical quality factor (Q<SUB>m</SUB>) of 297 while retaining a piezoelectric constant (d<SUB>33</SUB>) of 137 pC N<SUP>-1</SUP>.
The Impact of Credit and Stock Market Development on Economic Growth in Asian Countries
Bao K. Q. NGUYEN,Vy T. T. HUYNH,Bao C. N. TO 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.9
The paper has used the Solow-Swan growth model to analyze the long-term impact of credit market development and stock market development on economic growth in Asia from 2000 to 2019. The empirical model is performed with panel cointegration analysis by Common Correlated Effects (CCE) method with cross-sectional dependencies. The results find that there exists a cointegration relationship among stock market, credit market development, and economic growth. These results also show that financial structure improves the exact impact of financial development on economic growth, namely the opposite effect of stock market development and credit market development. Moreover, the Granger causality test reveals a bi-directional relationship between credit market development and economic growth, while only unidirectional causality from stock market development to economic growth for the whole group panel. And it is different for a specific country, according to Kónya’s test. The view of the new structuralism does not apply in the Asian financial system when we estimate the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (NARDL) to analyze the asymmetric relationship between financial structure and economic growth. On the whole, policymakers can draw on the findings to provide policy implications to improve their country’s financial system as well as pursue the goal of sustainable economic growth.
Salinity Tolerance of Blackgram and Mungbean 2 : Mineral Ions Accumulation in Different Plant Parts
P. K. Raptan,A. Hamid,Q. A. Khaliq,A. R. M. Solaiman,J. U. Ahmed,M. A. Karim 韓國作物學會 2001 Korean journal of crop science Vol.46 No.5
Blackgram (Vigna mungo) is more salt tolerant than mungbean (Vigna radiata). This study was initiated to know whether the accumulation pattern of mineral ions in different plant parts plays a significant role in the differences in salt tolerance between the two Vigna species. Different mineral ions, viz. N, Cl, Na, K, Mg and Ca in different organs of two varieties of each of blackgram- Barimash-l (susceptible one) and Barimash-2 (tolerant one), and mungbean-Barimung-3 (tolerant one) and Barimung-4(susceptible one), were analyzed after growing with 0, 50, 75 and 100 mM NaCl solutions. The two crops showed a decreased but similar pattern of total N accumulation under saline conditions. The tolerant variety of both the crops showed a less reduction in total N than the susceptible one. Leaves showed the maximum while stem the minimum N, irrespective of levels of salinity. C l[-10] and N a+ accumulation increased with the increasing salinity levels. Interestingly, similar to a halophyte, the salt tolerant blackgram exhibited conspicuously higher amount of N a+ in the shoot than the salt-susceptible mungbean. However, the tolerant varieties showed less amount of N a+ than the susceptible one, especially in blackgram. Seeds of both Vigna spp. accumulated the minimum amount of N a+ than other plant parts. K+ accumulation decreased by salinity in most of the plant parts, except seeds. Blackgram showed larger reduction in K than mungbean. The Mg++ increased in leaves, petioles and stem by salinity while decreased in the roots, podshells and seeds in both the crops. Salinity increased Ca++ accumulation in all plant-parts except roots of both Vigna spp. Apparently, the leaves of mungbean accumulated higher concentration of Ca++ than blackgram. Varietal differences in the accumulation pattern of K+ , Mg++ and Ca++ were not clear. It was concluded that blackgram, presumably, possesses a similar salt tolerance mechanism to halophyte, and the pattern of accumulation of mineral ions in blackgram and mungbean was not fully ascribed to the differences in salinity tolerance between the two Vigna species.gna species.ies.s.ies.
Critical behavior and magnetic entropy change in La_0.7Ca_0.3Mn_0.9Zn_0.1O_3 perovskite manganite
판더롱,P.Q. Thanh,N.H. Sinh,K.W. Lee,유성초 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3
We studied the critical behavior and magnetic entropy change in a perovskite-manganite compound of La_0.7Ca_0.3Mn_0.9Zn_0.1O_3 around its Curie temperature of T_C = 206.75 K. Experimental results revealed that the sample exhibited the second-order magnetic phase transition with the exponents β = 0.474 and γ = 1.152 close to those expected from the mean-field theory (β = 0.5 and γ = 1.0). In the vicinity of T_C,the magnetic entropy change DSM reached maximum values of 1.1, 1.7, and 2.7 J/kg K under magnetic-field variations of 10, 20, and 35 kOe, respectively. These ΔS_M values are much lower than those reported previously on the parent compound of La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO_3. The nature of this phenomenon is discussed by means of the characteristics of the magnetic phase transition, and critical exponents.
THE FIXED POINT INDEX FOR ACCRETIVE MAPPINGS WITH K-SET CONTRACTION PERTURBATIONS IN CONES
Chen, Y.Q.,Ha, K.S.,Cho, Y.J. Korean Mathematical Society 1997 대한수학회지 Vol.34 No.1
The fixed point index plays an important role in solving the positive solutions of nonlinear equations in ordered Banach spaces ([7], [10], [11], [14], [15]). Many authors have studied the existence problems of positive solutions of nonlinear equations for nonlinear mappings ([1]-[5], [7], [9], [10], [14], [15]).
Chemical composition of giants from two moving groups
Liu, F.,Chen, Y. Q.,Zhao, G.,Han, I.,Lee, B. C.,Kim, K. M.,Zhao, Z. S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol.422 No.4
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P>We present the stellar parameters of 19 K‐type giants and their abundances for 13 chemical elements (Al, Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Sc, Si, Ti and V), selected from two moving groups, covering the metallicity range of −0.6 < [Fe/H] < 0.2, based on high‐resolution spectra. Most of the elemental abundances show similar trends as in previous studies, except for Al, Na and Ba, which are seriously affected by evolution. The abundance ratios of [Na/Mg] increase smoothly with higher [Mg/H], and those of [Al/Mg] decrease slightly with increasing [Mg/H]. The abundance ratios of [Mg/Ba] show a distinction between these two moving groups, which is mainly induced by chemical evolution and also partly by kinematic effects. The inhomogeneous metallicity of each star from the moving groups demonstrates that these stars had different chemical origins before they were kinematically aggregated. This favours a dynamical resonant theory.</P>