Technical feasibility study for power generation from a potential mini hydro site nearby Shoolini University

Pundir, Anil,Kumar, Anil Techno-Press 2014 Advances in energy research Vol.2 No.2

Small Hydro-Power (SHP) is an environmental friendly technology. Usually hydro power generation projects are viewed as constructing large dams and reservoirs but available new research and engineering techniques have helped hydro power generation without large dams and without large reservoirs. In India, there are several water installations, irrigation dams, canals, streams or running rivers not tapped to generate power. In these cases the existing system and facilities can help in generating power with less investment and time. This area is yet unexplored. Harnessing a stream for hydroelectric power is a major undertaking for the energy crises and the global issues to go green. In this technical note a potential site for mini hydro power plant nearby Shoolini University is identified and examined for the economic feasibility.

Factor Analysis of Biometric Traits of Kankrej Cows to Explain Body Conformation

Pundir, R.K.,Singh, P.K.,Singh, K.P.,Dangi, P.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2011 Animal Bioscience Vol.24 No.4

Eighteen different biometric traits in 407 Kankrej cows from their breeding zone, i.e. Palanpur district of Gujarat, India, were recorded and analyzed by factor analysis to explain body conformation. The averages of body length, height at withers, height at shoulder, height at knee, heart girth, paunch girth, face length, face width, horn length, horn diameter, distance between horns, ear length, ear width, neck length, neck diameter, tail length with switch, tail length without switch and distance between hip bones were $123.44{\pm}0.37$, $124.49{\pm}0.28$, $94.68{\pm}0.30$, $38.2{\pm}0.14$, $162.56{\pm}0.56$, $178.95{\pm}0.70$, $44.09{\pm}0.10$, $15.91{\pm}0.05$, $42.47{\pm}0.53$, $26.07{\pm}0.19$, $13.34{\pm}0.08$, $31.24{\pm}0.12$, $16.10{\pm}0.05$, $50.63{\pm}0.18$, $73.21{\pm}0.32$, $111.62{\pm}0.53$, $89.34{\pm}0.34$ and $17.28{\pm}0.10\;cm$, respectively. The correlation coefficients between different traits ranged from -0.806 (horn diameter and distance between horns) to 0.815 (heart girth and paunch girth). Most of the correlations were positive and significant. Factor analysis with promax rotation with power 3 revealed three factors which explained about 66.02% of the total variation. Factor 1 described the cow body and explained 38.89% of total variation. The second factor described the front view/face of the cow and explained 19.68% of total variation. The third factor described the back of the cow and explained 7.44% of total variation. It was necessary to include some more variables for factor 3 to obtain a reliable estimate of the back view of the cow. The lower communities shown for distance between horns, horn diameter, ear width and neck diameter indicated that these traits did not contribute effectively to explaining body conformation and can be dropped from recording, whereas all other traits are important and needed to explain body conformation in Kankrej cows. The result suggests that principal component analysis (PCA) could be used in breeding programs with a drastic reduction in the number of biometric traits to be recorded to explain body conformation.

Development of mapping techniques for off road trafficability to support military operation

S. K. Pundir,R. D. Garg 대한공간정보학회 2020 Spatial Information Research Vol.28 No.4

Terrain plays a vital role in any military operation, however terrain trafficability assessment is the key requirement for planning any military operation in advance. In this study, terrain conditions for off-road trafficability assessment, an integrated approach used because it is affected by large number of factors. While evaluating terrain mobility, its topography along with land use/land cover are important factors. Maps have been the basic ingredient of topographic information throughout history of planning. In the current context of work, to generate mobility maps, an out-of-box methodology was experimented. This was performed by evaluating the relative direct and in-direct parameters from satellite data and terrain ancillary information. Hence the main objective of this study was to assess the potential of all the factors in providing relevant assisting information for vehicle mobility. To assess the relative importance of factors and its contribution in estimating off road trafficability requires the domain expertise and field experience. Based on qualitative assessment along with field studies, the overall impact can be converted into quantitative terms and ultimately it will pave the way for automation of trafficability, which will be useful in planning of corridors during military operations.

Co-immobilization of cholesterol esterase, cholesterol oxidase and peroxidase onto alkylamine glass beads for measurement of total cholesterol in serum

Suman,C.S.Pundir 한국물리학회 2003 Current Applied Physics Vol.3 No.2, 3

Commercially available cholesterol esterase, cholesterol oxidase and peroxidase have been co-immobilized onto alkylamine glassinitial activity. The co-immobilized enzyme system showed maximum activity at pH 7.0, when incubated at 37.C for 12 min. Amethod was developed for total serum cholesterol determination employing co-immobilized enzymes. There was a linear rela-tionship betweenA520 and cholesteryl acetate concentration ranging from 5mg to 50 mg/dl reaction mixture. The minimum de-tection limit of the method is 50 mg/dl. Within day and between day coecient of variation were< 1.0% and < 6%, respectively. Ar¼ 0:83) was found between the total serum cholesterol obtained by the present method and commercial Enzo-kitmethod employing free enzymes. Among the various serum substances tested at their physiological concentrations; Testosterone, vitD and progesterone caused 59%, 41% and 39% inhibition, while NaCl, KCl, CuSO4, creatinine, NaHCO3, albumin and estrogenhad practically no eect.. 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

INFERENCE FOR ABSOLUTE LORENZ CURVE AND ABSOLUTE LORENZ ORDERING

Arora Sangeeta,Jain Kanchan,Pundir Sudesh The Korean Statistical Society 2006 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.35 No.3

Absolute Lorenz curve plays an important role for measuring absolute income inequality. Properties of absolute Lorenz curve are listed. Asymptotically distribution free and consistent tests have been proposed for comparing two absolute Lorenz curves in the whole interval [P1, P2] where 0 < P1 < P2 < 1. Absolute Lorenz ordering has been discussed for some distributions.

GSTT1 Null Genotype Distribution in the Kumaun Region of Northern India

Bag, Arundhati,Upadhyay, Saloni,Jeena, Lalit M.,Pundir, Princi,Jyala, Narayan S. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.1

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) constitute a multigene family of multifunctional phase II metabolic enzymes. GSTT1, an important member of this group has a wide range of substrates including carcinogens. Total homozygous deletion or null genotype resulting in total lack of enzyme activity exists in populations for this enzyme. Since the null genotype may contribute to lower detoxification of carcinogens, this genotype is expected to increase cancer risk. The frequency of the GSTT1 null genotype is known to vary significantly among populations. However, little is known about its distribution in the hilly Kumaun region of northern India. Therefore, in this study, we determined the prevalence of the GSTT1 null polymorphism in the Kumaun popilation by conducting duplex PCR in 365 voluntary healthy individuals. The GSTT1 null genotype was detected in 18.4% of the individuals. Since GSTs play significant role in xenobiotic metabolism, the present data on GSTT1 genotype distribution should contribute in understanding genetic association with cancer risk in this understudied population.

Inference for Absolute Lorenz Curve and Absolute Lorenz Ordering

Sangeeta Arora,Kanchan Jain,Sudesh Pundir 한국통계학회 2006 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.35 No.3

Absolute Lorenz curve plays an important role for measuring absoluteincome inequality. Properties of absolute Lorenz curve are listed. Asymptot-ically distribution free and consistent tests have been proposed for comparingtwo absolute Lorenz curves in the whole interval [p1,p2] where 0< p 1 < p 2 <1.Absolute Lorenz ordering has been discussed for some distributions.AMS 2000 subject classications.Primary 62P20; Secondary 62G10.Keywords.Absolute Lorenz curve, distribution free, consistent, absolute Lorenz order-ing.1. IntroductionInequality can be both relative and absolute. An equiproportional changein all incomes leaves the degree of relative inequality unchanged while an equalincrement or decrement to all incomes leaves the degree of absolute inequalityunchanged. This concept of absolute and associated indices of inequality has beenanalyzed by Kolm (1976), Blackorby and Donaldson (1980), Shorrocks (1983),Moyes (1987), Chakrabortiet al.(1988) and Bishop et al.(1989, 1994).Moyes (1987) introduced the absolute Lorenz curve and showed that the ab-solute Lorenz curve plays the same role for absolute inequality as the ordinaryLorenz curve for the analysis of relative inequality.The denition of the absolute Lorenz curve and its properties are listed inSection 2. In Section 3, a testing procedure is suggested for examining the dom-inance between two absolute Lorenz curves in the whole interval [p1,p2] whereReceived April 2005; accepted July 2006.1Corresponding author. Department of Statistics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014,India (e-mail: sarora@pu.ac.in)