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Perirenal and epicardial fat and their association with carotid intima-media thickness in children
Abel López-Bermejo,Anna Prats-Puig,Inés Osiniri,Jose-Maria Martínez-Calcerrada,Judit Bassols 대한소아내분비학회 2019 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.24 No.4
Recent data suggest that subclinical atherosclerosis is more related to visceral adipose tissue distribution than to overall fat mass. Both perirenal fat and epicardial fat are visceral fat depots surrounding the kidneys and the myocardium, respectively, which can be easily assessed by ultrasound. Their clinical relevance in children is largely unknown. This review describes studies relating perirenal and epicardial fat to cardiovascular disease or carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), a well-established surrogate for subclinical atherosclerosis, and discusses this in context with our own data from children. In adults, both perirenal and epicardial fat are useful biological markers of visceral obesity. The former has been related to hypertension in overweight subjects and with atherosclerosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus. The latter was associated with several metabolic syndrome components and with calcification of the carotid artery. In healthy prepubertal children, both epicardial and perirenal fat thickness, rather than total body fat mass, were related to cIMT. Ultrasonography measures of perirenal and epicardial fat are related to atherosclerosis in adults and may be convenient tools for the assessment of cardiometabolic risk in children.
Antonio D. Jover-Mendiola,Fernando A. Lopez-Prats,Alejandro Lizaur-Utrilla,Maria-Flores Vizcaya-Moreno 대한정형외과학회 2023 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.15 No.2
Background: Comparative outcomes of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) and traditional open TLIF (O-TLIF) for degenerative lumbar disc disease have been poorly studied. The purpose of this study was to prospectively compare the outcomes between MI-TLIF and O-TLIF for patients with a degenerative disc disease, focusing on the functional capacity of patients in daily life. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed, comparing 54 patients who underwent O-TLIF and 55 patients who underwent MI-TLIF with a follow-up of 4 years. Clinical evaluation was performed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), 36-item short form survey (SF-36), and a visual analog scale for pain (VAS pain). Radiological evaluation was also performed. Results: At the final follow-up, compared with O-TLIF, MI-TLIF was associated with significantly better intraoperative results, including similar operative time (p = 0.246), lower estimated blood loss (p = 0.001), and shorter hospital stay (p = 0.001). The final ODI score was significantly better in the MI-TLIF group (p = 0.031). The SF-36-physical (p = 0.023) and VAS pain (p = 0.024) scores were significantly better in the MI-TLIF group. There was no significant difference in the fusion rate (p = 0.747). Conclusions: The MI-TLIF technique is an effective and safe procedure for degenerative lumbar disc disease. Compared to traditional O-TLIF, MI-TLIF was associated with less disability and higher quality of life, with a low rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Sungeun Chung(정성은),John D. Prats(존프랫),Donghee Shin(신동희) SBS 2013 미디어경제와 문화 Vol.11 No.4
본 연구는 부정어를 포함한 복잡문 형식의 문장을 처리할 때, 부정어를 완전하게 처리하지 않는다는 인뉴엔도 효과 이론에 근거하여 사실이 아닌 부정적 보도가 정치인 후보 평가에 미치는 영향 그리고 그에 관한 정정보도가 정치인 후보 평가에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 특히, 세 가지 다른 정정 보도문의 형식(부정 否定, 긍정적 확인, 스키마 없는 확인) 그리고 대상 정치인에 대한 초기태도가 정정보도로 인한 태도수정의 정도에 미치는 영향을 실험연구를 통해 살펴보았다(N=199).가상적 선거상황을 제시하고 특정 후보에 대한 초기태도, 부정적 보도 후의 태도, 정정보도 후의 태도를 반복적으로 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 긍정적 초기 태도를 가진 참여자의 경우 부정적 보도로 인한 부정적 태도 변화는 정정보도에 의해 완전히 회복되지 않았다. 반면 부정적 또는 중립적 초기 태도를 가지고 있던 참여자의 경우, 부정적 보도로 인한 부정적 태도 변화가 정정보도에 의해 회복되었다. 정정보도 형식에 따른 태도 변화의 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 정정보도의 효과와 관련된 이론들에 대한 함의와 실제적 함의가 논의되었다. Based on theories of innuendo effects, the effect of false scandal information about politicians and the effect of different types of corrective messages (negation vs. simple affirmation vs. schema-free affirmation) on candidate evaluation were investigated. Initial preference about the politicians was modeled as the moderating variable. An experimental study (N=199), using a hypothetical election situation, found that (a) participants with positive initial preference about a candidate did not fully correct the damaged reputation of the target; (b) participants with either negative or neutral initial preference about a candidate corrected the damaged reputation of the target. Three different types of corrective messages did not render a difference in the amount of correction by corrective messages. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings were discussed.
Jin, Hua,Hwang, Soon-Kyung,Yu, Kyungnam,Anderson, Hanjo K.,Lee, Yeon-Sook,Lee, Kee Ho,Prats, Anne-Catherine,Morello, Dominique,Beck Jr., George R.,Cho, Myung-Haing Oxford University Press 2006 TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.90 No.1
<P>Inorganic phosphate (Pi) plays a key role in diverse physiological functions. Recently, considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the function and regulation of the brain-specific sodium-dependent inorganic phosphate transporter 1 (NPT1), which is found to exist principally in cerebrum and cerebellum. The potential importance of Pi as a novel signaling molecule and the poor prognosis of diverse neurodegenerative diseases that involve brain-specific NPT1 have prompted us to define the pathways by which Pi affects mouse brain growth. A high phosphate diet caused an increase in serum Pi accompanied by a decrease in calcium, and a decrease in body weight coupled with a decreased relative weight of cerebellum. A high phosphate diet caused a significant increase in protein expression of NPT1, both in cerebrum and cerebellum. Additionally, the high phosphate diet increased Homo sapiens v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (Akt) phosphorylation at Ser473 in cerebrum and cerebellum, whereas suppression of Akt phosphorylation at Thr308 was observed only in cerebellum. Selective suppression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-binding protein (eIF4E-BP1) in cerebrum was induced by high levels of Pi, which induced cap-dependent and cap-independent protein translation in cerebrum and cerebellum, respectively. Phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) in comparison with that of ERK2 was significantly reduced in both cerebrum and cerebellum. High levels of Pi reduced protein expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1 in cerebrum and cerebellum. In conclusion, the results indicate that high dietary Pi can perturb normal brain growth, possibly through Akt-ERK signaling in developing mice.</P>