Factors affecting the electrical conductivity of conducting polymers

Pooja,Kumar Anil,Prasher Parteek,Mudila Harish 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.2

Metals had been significantly substituted by synthetic polymers in most of our daily requirements, thus relaxing our life. Out of many applied areas, synthetic polymers especially conducting polymers had shown their marked effect and potential. Batteries, pseudocapacitors, superconductors, etc. are the potential zones where conducting polymers are chiefly employed owing to their appreciable conductivity, cost efficiency, and corrosion inhibition nature. Apart from energy storage devices, these conducting polymers find their potential application in biosensors, lasers, corrosion inhibitors, electrostatic materials, conducting adhesives, electromagnetic interference shielding, and others. These all applications including energy storage are due to astonishing properties like high conductivity, flexibility, tuneability, easy processibility, chemical, thermal and mechanical stability, easy and enhanced charge transportation, lightweight, etc. Conducting polymers are extensively studied for their application in energy storage batteries, for which the material under investigation needs to be electrically conductive. However, the conducting nature of these specific conducting polymers is dependent on numerous factors. This review discussed the effect of certain potential factors such as polymerization techniques temperature, doping, bandgap, extended conjugation, solvent, etc. on the electrical/electrochemical conductivity of these conducting polymers. These all factors with their specific variations are found to have a noticeable consequence on the electrical conductivity of the investigated conducting polymer and hence on the energy storage carried by them. This review could be proved beneficial to the readers, who can judiciously implement the conclusions to their research related to conducting polymers and their composites for generating highly efficient energy storage systems.

An Optimize Approach to Design MUX Based Decoder Using Source Coupled Logic

Pooja Verma,Deepak Punetha,Yogita Bahuguna 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.5

In Combination logic there are some patterns which commonly occur and it is convenient to represent these in their own separate units often they are also available as separate integrated circuits. This research paper covers the two of these, the decoder and the multiplexer. In this work, designing of 2:1 MUX and MUX Based Decoder using SCL (Source Coupled Logic) is done. Power and value of current spike (Rail–to-Rail current) is found for the circuits. The Simulation is done using 180nm technology using TANNER (Version 9.2) tool.

WOMEN POLITICS AND THE STATE IN INDIA

Pooja JUYAL 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2000 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2000 No.10

New South Asian Feminisms: Paradoxes and Possibilities

Pooja JUYAL 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2015 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.21 No.1

Factors affecting adoption of Internet Banking: A case study from India

Pooja Malhotra,Normalini Md Kassim,T. Ramayah 강원대학교 경영연구소 2014 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.5 No.2

The objective of this research is to find out the factors affecting adoption of Internet banking in India. The data is based upon a survey of 150 bank customers using a convenience sampling technique with the aid of a structured self-administered questionnaire. The research model was analyzed using Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. The recommended procedures have been tested which is measurement model and structural model. Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Risk, Image, Results Demonstrability, Perceived Behavioral Control and Subjective Norm were influence intention to use Internet banking. However, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Credibility and Computer Self Efficacy were not influence intention to use Internet banking. The findings of this study are expected to be of great use to the bank marketers. An understanding of the factors identified in this study allows bank managers to direct efforts and resources in the most effective and efficient way to increase bank business in the long run and encourage their bank customer’s to adopt Internet banking. Moreover, this paper contributes to the empirical literature of diffusion of financial innovations, particularly Internet banking in a developing country, such as India.

Identification and characterization of SNPs in released, landrace and wild accessions of mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) using whole genome re-sequencing

Pooja Bangar,Neetu Tyagi,Bhavana Tiwari,Sanjay Kumar,Paramananda Barman,Ratna Kumari,Ambika Gaikwad,K. V. Bhat,Ashok Chaudhury 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.2

Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] is vital grain legume having nutritional and socio-economic importance, especially in the developing countries. We performed whole-genome re-sequencing of three accessions representing the wild progenitor species, released and landrace of mungbean to identify SNPs with relevance to genetic relationships analysis. Approximately 9.3 million raw reads were obtained using Ion Torrent PGM™ platform and more than 92% of the reads were mapped to the reference mungbean genome. We identified a total of 233,799 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in relation to the reference genome (SNPs: 103,341 in wild, 93,078 in released and 37,380 in landrace accessions) and 9544 insertions and deletions (InDels: 4742 in wild, 3608 in released and 1194 in landrace accessions) in the coding and non-coding regions. In all accessions, genomic variants were unevenly distributed within and across the mungbean chromosomes. Among these 5339, 4739 and 1795 SNPs were non-synonymous in 815, 790 and 317 genes of wild, released and landrace accessions, respectively. These polymorphisms might contribute to the variation in important pathways of genes for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and important agronomic traits, such as seed dormancy, fl owering time and seed size in mungbean. Among the randomly selected SNPs, a selected subset was validated using Sanger sequencing technique. The genomic variations among mungbean wild, released and landrace accessions constitute a powerful tool to support genetic research and molecular breeding of mungbean.

Country Paper

Pooja JUYAL 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2000 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2000 No.10

Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of New Thiadiazole Derivatives

Pooja Mullick,Suroor A. Khan,Surajpal Verma,Ozair Alam 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.8

A series of thiadiazole derivatives were synthesized with differently substituted benzoic acids which were cyclized to give differently substituted thiazolidin-4-one. Elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectral data confirmed the structure of the newly synthesized compounds. The derivatives of these moieties were evaluated for antimicrobial activity. Most of the synthesized compounds showed good antimicrobial activity at 200 and 100 μg/mL. Compounds showed most significant antibacterial activity against gram negative test organism Escherichia coli and most significant antifungal activity against test organisms Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. It was observed that compounds with OCH3 at 3, 4 position of phenyl ring [5(a-l)] were more potent against microbes as compared to compounds having unsubstituted phenyl ring [4(a-l)].

Evaluation of Toxicity and Gene Expression Changes Triggered by Oxide Nanoparticles

Pooja Dua,김소연,유종성,홍선우,Nitin K. Chaudhari,Chang Han Lee,chaudhari kiran nanaji,Dong-ki Lee 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.6

Several studies have demonstrated that nanoparticles (NPs) have toxic effects on cultured cell lines, yet there are no clear data describing the overall molecular changes induced by NPs currently in use for human applications. In this study, the in vitro cytotoxicity of three oxide NPs of around 100 nm size, namely,mesoporous silica (MCM-41), iron oxide (Fe_2O_3-NPs), and zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), was evaluated in the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293. Cell viability assays demonstrated that 100 μg/mL MCM-41, 100 μg/mL Fe_2O_3, and 12.5 μg/mL ZnO exhibited 20% reductions in HEK293 cell viability in 24 hrs. DNA microarray analysis was performed on cells treated with these oxide NPs and further validated by real time PCR to understand cytotoxic changes occurring at the molecular level. Microarray analysis of NP-treated cells identified a number of up- and down-regulated genes that were found to be associated with inflammation,stress, and the cell death and defense response. At both the cellular and molecular levels, the toxicity was observed in the following order: ZnO-NPs > Fe_2O_3-NPs > MCM-41. In conclusion, our study provides important information regarding the toxicity of these three commonly used oxide NPs, which should be useful in future biomedical applications of these nanoparticles

Regeneration Studies in Grateloupia filicina (J.V. Lamouroux) C. Agardh – An Important Carrageenophyte and Edible Seaweed

Pooja Baweja,Dinabandhu Sahoo 한국조류학회I 2009 ALGAE Vol.24 No.3

Grateloupia filicina (J.V. Lamouroux) C. Agardh (Halymeniaceae, ryptonemiales, Rhodophyta) is an edible seaweed as well as an important source of carrageenan. In the present study, attempt has been made to develop a suitable protocol for effective regeneration of the seaweed and the rapid multiplication of the desired varieties. The young upright thallus of G. filicina was grown in axenic culture using both solid and liquid media. The various media tested were f/2, Provasoli’s Enriched Seawater (PES) and enriched Seawater (ESW). The effect of glycerol (as a carbon source) and various plant growth regulators i.e. auxin (NAA) and cytokinins (Kinetin and BA) were tested. Although, regeneration of young thalli was observed from the cut ends in all the media, better growth was found in f/2, PES, f/2 (0.5% Glycerol), f/2 (NAA 10–5 M) and f/2 (BA 10–6 M). On the other hand callusing was observed only in solid media supplemented with low concentration of Glycerol (0.5%) in f/2, NAA 10–5 M in f/2, PES and BA 10–5 M in f/2. Young thalli were developed from the callus sub culture after 40 days of inoculation.