Croissance verte et interventionnisme économique : une nouvelle place pour la puissance publique?

Pauline Marcantoni 유럽헌법학회 2012 유럽헌법연구 Vol.12 No.-

2008년의 경제 및 금융위기는 최근 몇 년간에 작용했던 경제시스템의 부분적 문제의 돌파구였다. 경제위기가 자유주의 포기의 문제나 디플레이션의 문제가 아니라면, 몇 몇 기능장애에 이르게 하는 지나침을 돌아볼 필요가 있고, 성장의 새로운 기반을 부여할 필요성이 있다. 한 층 더 강화된 ‘녹색’으로 향하는 해법은 30여 년 전부터 사회가 직면한 동시대의 다른 큰 문제의 시각을 갖도록 요구하고 있다. 즉, 환경의 위기이다. 환경의 위기는 오늘날 사회기능이 자연자원의 유한성 안에서 자신의 한계를 발견할 것이다. 자연자원의 유한성으로 여전히 오랫동안 과도하게 개발된 것을 더 이상 허락하지 않을 것이고, 현재의 상태와 같은 오염을 유발되게 하지 않을 것이다. 녹색성장은 장기적으로 에너지 자원과 재생할 수 없는 자원을 더 적게 혹은 더 잘 쓰는 경제성장이다. 뿐만 아니라 삶의 환경과 생물의 다양성을 더 존중하는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 녹색성장의 이름으로 경제에 대한 국가의 다양한 관여 형태를 다루고 있다. 특히 오염비용의 국제화와 각 시장의 해결책 그리고 국가가 소비자로서의 역할을 하는 것등을 다루고, 두 번째 논점으로서 변화하지 않는 경제 틀 안에서 혁신적 경제 관여가 가능하지에 대하여 다루고 있다. 즉, 경제적 한계, 법적 한계 그리고 정치적 한계에 대하여 살펴보았다. La «crise» financière et économique de 2008 a été le 시동장치 «déclencheur» 도전d’une remise en cause partielle du système économique tel qu’il fonctionnait depuis quelques années. S’il ne fût question ni d’abandon du libéralisme ni de décroissance, il est apparu nécessaire de revenir sur les excès ayant conduit à certains 고장dysfonctionnements et de donner un nouveau fondement à la croissance. La solution tendant à la rendre plus «verte» s’est imposée au regard d’un autre grand problème contemporain auquel fait face la société depuis une trentaine d’années : la crise environnementale. Il est aujourd’hui admis que le fonctionnement de la société trouvera aussi ses limites dans la 유한성finitude des ressources naturelles, qui ne pourront encore longtemps être surexploitées et polluées tel qu’elles le sont actuellement. De la mise en perspective de ces deux circonstances, est ressortie la possibilité d’une croissance en partie fondée sur l’objectif de réduction des atteintes à l’environnement. La croissance verte est une croissance économique qui, à long terme, utilise moins - ou mieux - la ressource énergétique et les matières premières non renouvelables, et est plus respectueuse de la biodiversité et du 생활환경cadre de vie.

벨기에의 성별 임금격차 보고

Pauline Loeckx,Lucile Monnier 한국노동연구원 2019 국제노동브리프 Vol.17 No.1

A Review on the Renewable Green Energies in Northern Mindanao, Philippines

Pauline Mae N. Comaling,Abdurrazzaq G. Maraye 국제과학영재학회 2022 APEC Youth Scientist Journal Vol.14 No.1

It is well-established that non-renewable energy sources adversely affect the environment and human health. Nonetheless, the Philippines continues utilizing this energy source as it is more accessible than the alternatives. Non-renewables, especially coal, are cheap; there is ease and familiarity with non-renewables and a lack of knowledge and experience in utilizing renewable energy. However, as the consumption of this energy source grew, the challenge involving the inevitable depletion of this resource arose. In response to this problem, the Philippine government created the National Renewable Energy Program (NREP), which aims for 15.3 gigawatts of renewable power capacity by 2030. Despite this, coal remained the highest power share, and renewable energy was ignored. Although there are regions in the Philippines with existing renewable energy projects, it was mostly hydropower and solar power. Moreover, the current projects do not hit the target capacity stated in the NREP. There are still various renewable energy sources that could be utilized. Aside from solar power and hydropower, there is potential for biomass, wind, and geothermal energy utilization. This study has been conducted to evaluate the existing and the possible renewable energy sources in Northern Mindanao, Philippines (Region 10), and assess the resources’ potential.

Graphic Novel Decoded

Pauline Uchmanowicz 한국만화애니메이션학회 2010 만화애니메이션연구 Vol.- No.18

A globally popular publishing format in the inaugural decade of the 21st Century, the graphic novel emerged over the course of the previous one, evolving from comic book pulp to auteur sequential art - from ephemeral to archival object. Innovations in the cartooning idiom have accompanied the graphic novel tsunami and an accelerating visual-verbal semiotics surged around its sign, resulting in rededicated critical interest in reading and writing about comics. A neo-comics formalism that seeks to illuminate this semiotic matrix in 21st Century cartooning spaces requires extended application of binomial rhetoric to identify and interpret multiple potentialities of its images and words. As a demonstration I will decode Satrapi's Persepolis, then briefly compare examples of its comics patterning to examples found in recent North American graphic narratives. A globally popular publishing format in the inaugural decade of the 21st Century, the graphic novel emerged over the course of the previous one, evolving from comic book pulp to auteur sequential art - from ephemeral to archival object. Three decades after Will Eisner re-coined the term "graphic novel" (attributed to Richard Kyle in Chute, 2008:453) to market his illustrated chronicle of tenement life, A Contract with God (1978), and subsequently owing to conferment of a 1992 Pulitzer Prize to Art Spiegelman for his pictorial Holocaust account, Maus (1986-1991), widespread re-branding of comics under the graphic novel logo has redirected both product commodification in the marketplace and genre identification in the academy. According to Mark Siegel, editorial director at New York City's avant-garde comic book press First Second, who spoke in a telephone interview, "More and more styles and possibilities are now available for graphic illustrators and writers whose works blur categories and span readership." Alongside fiction of all kinds, the graphic-lit expanse presently includes memoirs, biographies, history, how-to guides, comics journalism, genre theory, and visual essays. A worldwide convergence of comics-lit supporters - booksellers, newspaper and magazine editors, film directors, museum curators, librarians, and academics - likewise has encouraged the medium's legitimation and mainstream acceptance (Wiener, 2004:54.). Globalization meanwhile is enabling the graphic format's migration across the geopolitical literary landscape, as exemplified by Qajar dynasty-descended Marjane Satrapi's two-volume graphic memoir Persepolis, an Iranian-girlhood portrait originally written and published in French and widely translated in 2003-2004. "All this activity means that every major publishing house is jumping on the bandwagon. In the next couple of years there will be wave after wave of illustrated stories flooding the world," predicts editor Siegel. Innovations in the cartooning idiom have accompanied the graphic novel tsunami and an accelerating visual-verbal semiotics surged around its sign, resulting in rededicated critical interest in reading and writing about comics. Once mainly undertaken on the fringes of popular culture by practicing cartoonists and comic book fans (Buhle, 2003), comics scholarship in North America has undergone significant development since the late 1960s, when Arthur Asa Berger unsettled the academic community by choosing "Li'l Abner" as the theme of his doctoral dissertation, next pioneering quantitative methodology in his monograph The Comic-Stripped American, published in 1973. To date, a grand narrative of the comic book-cum-graphic novel's history of proliferation has emerged, necessary for rationalizing its speculative position and relative significance in the enlarged narrative of literary studies. Other comics scholarship has tended to focus on the medium's sociological and aesthetic aspects, with comics pedagogy lately another burgeoning strand. Comics form has received less attention, Eisner's landmark Comics and Sequent

Relevant design parameters for a reactor used in P removal with ZVI-based materials

Pauline Lanet,Véronique Deluchat,Michel Baudu 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.104 No.-

Phosphate (P) retention onto zero valent iron (ZVI) particles and on iron oxyhydroxides has been widelyinvestigated as a treatment process for domestic wastewater. Since such a process is less expensive andrequires less maintenance than typical biological and physicochemical methods, it could provide a viablepath to reaching high P removal capacities. This manuscript provides up-to-date information on P retentionmechanisms, with the main ones being adsorption, precipitation and co-precipitation. The majorexperimental parameters affecting these mechanisms and ZVI reactivity are summarized. Through areview of batch studies and continuous reactor experiments, the P retention capacities of ZVI-basedmaterials have been collated and compared according to test operating conditions, such as pH, initialadsorbate concentrations or hydrodynamic conditions. ZVI and its byproducts have already demonstratedhigh P retention capacities (up to 264 mg P/g ZVI). Methodological recommendations are providedto design reactor for phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment plants.

Effect of Garcinia kola seeds supplemented diet on growth performance and gonadal development of Oreochromis niloticus juveniles breed in ponds

Paulin Nyadjeu,Jeannette Angoun,Ngwasiri Pride Ndasi,Minette Eyango Tabi-Tomedi 한국수산과학회 2019 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.22 No.3

Background: Despite the favorable geo-climatic potential of Cameroon, the national production of tilapia remains low due to poor tilapia growth reported by fish farmers. One of the underlying reasons is the early female maturation at a very small size and precocious breeding in earthen ponds, resulting in overpopulation which leads to stunted growth and therefore to the production of unmarketable fish size. Studies have shown that dietary supplementation of G. kola enhanced growth in young Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus. It was also reported that G. kola inhibited spawning in Tilapia adult females. Therefore, this study sought to assess the effects of Garcinia kola as growth promoter and inhibitor of gonadal development in young Oreochromis niloticus. Methods: A total of 108 juveniles weighing 13.32 ± 0.62 g were randomly distributed in 9 hapas of 12 fishes each (9 females and 3 males) and fed for 70 days with three isonitrogenous diets, 40% crude protein with increasing Garcinia kola supplementation levels of 0 (normal diet), 6% and 10% (experimental diets). Physico-chemical parameters of the water (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and transparency) were measured twice a week. Every 14 days, fish were harvested, counted, and weighed. At the end of the experiment, three fish of each sex per replicate were sacrificed and their gonad and liver collected and weighed. Data were statistically analyzed using oneway analysis of variance repeated measure followed by Newman-Keuls multiple tests. Results: The results showed that all physico-chemical parameters of the water were within the recommended values for Tilapia culture. Tilapia fed 6% Garcinia kola supplemented diet displayed higher final body weight in males (38.60 ± 3.50 g) and females (36.77 ± 3.62 g) compared to those receiving normal diet (36.23 ± 1.36 g and 25.87 ± 3.32 g; respectively to the final body weight in males and females). The gonadosomatic index and hepatosomatic index indicated no significant variation in males while in females, these were significantly low in the experimental fish compared to control fish. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that supplementation of G. kola seeds in diets of young Tilapia improved growth performance and impaired gonadal development in females.

Genome of Bifidobacteria and Carbohydrate Metabolism

Pauline Bondue,Véronique Delcenserie 한국축산식품학회 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.1

In recent years, the knowledge about bifidobacteria has considerably evolved thanks to recent progress in molecular biol-ogy. The analysis of the whole genome sequences of 48 taxa of bifidobacteria offers new perspectives for their classifica-tion, especially to set up limit between two species. Indeed, several species are presenting a high homology and should bereclassified. On the other hand, some subspecies are presenting a low homology and should therefore be reclassified intodifferent species. In addition, a better knowledge of the genome of bifidobacteria allows a better understanding of the mech-anisms involved in complex carbohydrate metabolism. The genome of some species of bifidobacteria from human but alsofrom animal origin demonstrates high presence in genes involved in the metabolism of complex oligosaccharides. Thosespecies should be further tested to confirm their potential to metabolize complex oligosaccharides in vitro and in vivo.

Back Pain and Spinal Cysticercosis

Pauline Joy F Santos,Shuichi Suzuki,Sumeet Vadera 대한신경과학회 2017 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.13 No.1

Effects of tensioning forces on the structural behavior of cable-stayed bridges

Pauline Lin Li Lam,Thomas H.K. Kang 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.43 No.4

Optimization in distribution of stay cable forces is one of the most difficult aspects in the design of cable-stayed bridges. This article attempts to examine tension force influence on structural behavior of cable-stayed bridges. For the examination, finite element modeling using nonlinear static and nonlinear modal analyses was completed and compared to structural experimental results. Variables analyzed in this parametric study were: 1) Number of stay cables; 2) Tension of the stay cables, and 3) Stay cable pattern - harp and semi-fan patterns. Though the findings from the analysis are limited to the tested models, the study gives insight on the structural behavior of actual cable stayed bridges.

Towards isotropic transport with co-meshes

Paulin, Christina,de Montigny, Eric Heulhard,Llor, Antoine Techno-Press 2020 Coupled systems mechanics Vol.9 No.1

Transport is the central ingredient of all numerical schemes for hyperbolic partial differential equations and in particular for hydrodynamics. Transport has thus been extensively studied in many of its features and for numerous specific applications. In more than one dimension, it is most commonly plagued by a major artifact: mesh imprinting. Though mesh imprinting is generally inevitable, its anisotropy can be modulated and is thus amenable to significant reduction. In the present work we introduce a new definition of stencils by taking into account second nearest neighbors (across cell corners) and call the resulting strategy "co-mesh approach". The modified equation is used to study numerical dissipation and tune enlarged stencils in order to minimize transport anisotropy.