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Pandit, Santosh,Kim, Hye-Jin,Park, Sung-Hee,Jeon, Jae-Gyu Harwood Academic Publishers 2012 BIOFOULING -CHUR- Vol.28 No.3
<P>Polygonum cuspidatum is a plant with spreading rhizomes and numerous reddish-brown stems that has been used in Korean folk medicine to improve oral hygiene. Nevertheless, there are no reports related to its possible effect on the virulence of dental biofilms. In this study, the ability of a fraction (F1) separated from P. cuspidatum, alone or in combination with fluoride, to disrupt virulence factors and the composition of Streptococcus mutans biofilms was examined. F1 was mainly composed of resveratrol, emodin and physcion (approximately 16.2%, 18.9% and 2.07% of the weight of F1, respectively). F1 showed inhibitory effects on acid production and F-ATPase activity of S. mutans in biofilms, and could enhance fluoride activity against acid production and acid tolerance of S. mutans in biofilms. When S. mutans biofilms were briefly treated with F1 (10 min, a total of five times), the biomass accumulation, water-insoluble polysaccharides and intracellular iodophilic polysaccharides were reduced. Furthermore, the fluoride activity against biomass accumulation was enhanced by F1. These results suggest that F1 may be useful in the control of dental biofilms and in improving the cariostatic properties of fluoride without increasing its exposure.</P>
System reliability estimation in multicomponent exponential stress-strength models
Pandit, Parameshwar V.,Kantu, Kala J. The Korean Reliability Society 2013 International Journal of Reliability and Applicati Vol.14 No.2
A stress-strength model is formulated for a multi-component system consisting of k identical components. The k components of the system with random strengths ($X_1$, $X_2$, ${\ldots}$, $X_k$) are subjected to one of the r random stresses ($X_{k+1}$, $X_{k+2}$, ${\ldots}$, $X_{k+r}$). The estimation of system reliability based on maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) and Bayes estimators in k component system are obtained when the system is either parallel or series with the assumption that strengths and stresses follow exponential distribution. A simulation study is conducted to compare MLE and Bayes estimator through the mean squared errors of the estimators.
Pandit, Sagar Subhash,Nair, Aneeshkumar,Naik, Dhiraj Dilip Institute of Forest Science 2008 Journal of Forest Science Vol.24 No.2
Twenty-eight of 44 Indian Ceropegia species are endemic and their survival is threatened. As a step towards conservation, we implied in vitro methods for the sustainable propagule production in C. hirsuta, C. lawii, C. maccannii, C. oculata and C. sahyadrica. Effects of explant, growth regulators, sucrose and photoperiod were studied. High frequency microtuber production was achieved with the seedling-apical buds, grown on MS medium containing 4-6 mg $1^{-1}$ BAP, 3-8% (w/v) sucrose, under continuous illumination. Each microtuber, when subcultured proliferated to form a cluster of secondary microtubers. Every primary and secondary microtuber bore at least one shoot-bud and a root primordium. Each tuber (formed with any of the significantly effective treatments) weighed more than 500 mg, enough to plant directly in non-sterilized soils. Microtubers could be produced and proliferated round the year. Proliferation could be solely attributed to in vitro procedures as these plants bear solitary tubers in vivo. Microtubers could be sprouted in vitro to prepare ready to pot plantlets. As, this novel method succeeded for all five species, though they belong to different eco-physiological backgrounds, we recommend its implementation in the conservation programs for a broader range of Ceropegia species, supported by other integrated strategies.
Pandit, Sudip,Lee, Gyu Seung,Park, Jin Bong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.6
The sustained tonic currents ($I_{tonic}$) generated by ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid A receptors ($GABA_{A}Rs$) are implicated in diverse age-dependent brain functions. While various mechanisms regulating $I_{tonic}$ in the hippocampus are known, their combined role in $I_{tonic}$ regulation is not well understood in different age groups. In this study, we demonstrated that a developmental increase in GABA transporter (GAT) expression, combined with gradual decrease in $GABA_AR{\alpha}_5$ subunit, resulted in various $I_{tonic}$ in the dentate gyrus granule cells (DGGCs) of preadolescent rats. Both GAT-1 and GAT-3 expression gradually increased at infantile ($P_{6-8}$ and $P_{13-15}$) and juvenile ($P_{20-22}$ and $P_{27-29}$) stages, with stabilization observed thereafter in adolescents ($P_{34-36}$) and young adults ($P_{41-43}$). $I_{tonic}$ facilitation of a selective GAT-1 blocker (NO-711) was significantly less at $P_{6-8}$ than after $P_{13-15}$. The facilitation of $I_{tonic}$ by SNAP-5114, a GAT-3 inhibitor, was negligible in the absence of exogenous GABA at all tested ages. In contrast, $I_{tonic}$ in the presence of a nonselective GAT blocker (nipecotic acid, NPA) gradually decreased with age during the preadolescent period, which was mimicked by $I_{tonic}$ changes in the presence of exogenous GABA. $I_{tonic}$ sensitivity to L-655,708, a $GABA_AR{\alpha}_5$ subunit inverse agonist, gradually decreased during the preadolescent period in the presence of NPA or exogenous GABA. Finally, Western blot analysis showed that the expression of the $GABA_AR{\alpha}_5$ subunit in the dentate gyrus gradually decreased with age. Collectively, our results suggested that the $I_{tonic}$ regulation of altered GATs is under the final tune of $GABA_AR{\alpha}_5$ subunit activation in DGGCs at different ages.
Pandit, V.,Arbuj, S.,Hawaldar, R.,Kshirsagar, P.,Mulik, U.,Gosavi, S.,Park, C. J.,Kale, B. Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.3 No.8
<P>Previous studies related to the synthesis of stable UV-visible light active photocatalysts for hydrogen generation have been limited to inorganic semiconductors and their nano-and hetero-structures. We demonstrate here the use of an organo-inorganic 6,13-pentacenequinone (PQ)-TiO2 coupled semiconductor nanosystem as an efficient photocatalyst active in visible light for the production of hydrogen. Anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (3-5 nm) were uniformly decorated on thin sheets of monoclinic PQ by an in situ solvothermal method. These as-prepared PQ-TiO2 coupled semiconductor nanosystems had a band gap in the range 2.7-2.8 eV. The strong emission at 590 nm can be attributed to the transfer of electrons from the LUMO energy level of TiO2 to combine with the holes present in the HOMO level of PQ. This electron-hole recombination makes availability of electrons and holes in LUMO of PQ and HOMO of TiO2, respectively. This hybrid semiconductor coupled nanosystem resulted in a rate of hydrogen evolution of 36 456 mu mol h(-1) g(-1) from H2S under UV-visible light; this is four times higher than the rate obtained with TiO2 in earlier reports of UV-visible light active photocatalysts. These results open up a new path to explore inorganic systems coupled with PQ as new photoactive hybrid catalysts in a number of chemical and physicochemical processes.</P>
Efficient Synthesis of β-Acetamido Ketones by Silver(I) Triflate-Catalyzed Multicomponent Reactions
Pandit, Rameshwar Prasad,Lee, Yong Rok Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.11
An efficient one-pot synthesis of ${\beta}$-acetamido ketones was accomplished by AgOTf-catalyzed multicomponent reactions of substituted acetophenones with aromatic aldehydes and acid chloride in acetonitrile in high yields. The methods offer several significant advantages of easy handling, mild reaction conditions, and use of effective and non-toxic catalyst.
Pandit, Rameshwar Prasad,Lee, Yong Rok The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Vol.12 No.25
<P>Sequential Wolff rearrangement of α-diazo-β-ketoesters followed by trapping of the ketene intermediates with enol ethers generated a variety of γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoesters. This method involves a novel thermal cascade reaction and allows the synthesis of γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoesters with <I>trans</I>-stereochemistry under catalyst-free conditions. The synthesized compounds were further transformed into novel 3,5-diketoesters, which were used for the synthesis of naturally occurring 2-pyrone and 1-naphthoic acid ester.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Novel and efficient synthesis of diverse γ,δ-unsaturated β-ketoesters was accomplished by thermal cascade reactions of diazodicarbonyl compounds with enol ethers and the synthesized compounds were further transformed into the corresponding 3,5-diketoesters. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4ob00664j'> </P>
Pandit, Santosh,Jung, Ji-Eun,Choi, Hyeon-Mi,Jeon, Jae-Gyu HARWOOD ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS 2018 BIOFOULING -CHUR- Vol.34 No.1
<P>The present study investigated the effect of periodic 1-min fluoride treatments on Streptococcus mutans biofilms and then determined the relationship between anti-biofilm activity, treatment frequency, and fluoride concentration using a linear-fitting procedure. S. mutans biofilms were periodically treated (1-min/treatment) with fluoride during biofilm formation and analyzed using microbiological methods, confocal microscopy, and real-time PCR. The results indicated that reductions in the dry weight and acidogenicity of biofilms due to periodic fluoride treatment occurred in a concentration dependent manner. The reduction in dry weight without affecting bacterial cell viability was observed mainly due to the inhibitory effect of fluoride on gtfB and gtfC gene expression, which suppresses EPS production and avoids reduction of the pH below the critical point on the tooth surface. This study suggests that brief periodic exposure to appropriate fluoride concentrations through mouthwashes and toothpastes may affect the virulence and composition of cariogenic biofilms and subsequently prevent dental caries.</P>