Interrelationships Between Follicular Size, Estradiol-17β, Progesterone and Testosterone Concentrations in Individual Buffalo Overian Follicles

Palta, P.,Bansal, N.,Manik, R.S.,Prakash, B.S.,Madan, M.L. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1998 Animal Bioscience Vol.11 No.3

This study was undertaken to measure the concentrations of estradiol-$17{\beta}$, progesterone and testosterone, and to study their relationship with each other and with follicular size in individual buffalo ovarian follicles categorized as small (4 to 5 mm diameter), medium (6 to 9 mm diameter) and large (${\geq}10mm$ diameter). Steroid hormone concentrations varied markedly within follicles of each size category. Estradiol-$17{\beta}$ concentrations (pmol/ml) were positively related to follicular diameter (R = 0.34, n = 308, p < 0.001) and were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in large (1$118.46{\pm}30.25$), compared to those in medium follicles ($50.32{\pm}8.29$) which, in turn were significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those in small follicles ($19.70{\pm}$5.57). Progesterone and testosterone concentrations (pmol/ml) were not related to follicular diameter and were not different among small ($330.99{\pm}27.32$ and $17.68{\pm}2.44$ respectively), medium ($384.84{\pm}26.20$ and $36.47{\pm}4.55$, respectively) and large follicles ($253.25{\pm}32.23$ and $22.57{\pm}4.48$, respectively). Estradiol-$17{\beta}$ and progesterone concentrations were positively related (R = 0.39, n = 47, p < 0.01) in small, unrelated in medium and negatively related in large follicles (R = -0.59, n = 23, p < 0.01). There was no relationship between estradiol-$17{\beta}$ and testosterone concentrations in follicles of all the three size categories. Progesterone and testosterone concentrations were positively related in large follicles (R = 0.57, n = 18, p < 0.02). There was no relationship between the two hormones in small and medium sized follicles. When the follicles with estradiol-$17{\beta}$/progesterone molar ratios of > 1.00 were considered non-atretic, and the rest at different stages of atresia, 197/208(95%) follicles were found to be atretic.

SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN THE HYPOPHYSIAL RESPONSIVENESS TO GnRH IN CYCLING BUFFALO (Bubalus bubalis)

Palta, P.,Madan, M.L. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1996 Animal Bioscience Vol.9 No.6

The present study investigated the hypophysial responsiveness in terms of GnRH induced LH and FSH release in cycling buffalo during the tropical summer and winter climatic conditions (seasons). Peripheral plasma LH and FSH levels were measured at 1 hour before and 6 hours subsequent to the administration of GnRH (1 ug/kg body weight) or saline on Day 14 of oestrous cycle in 2 groups of buffalo (n = 6 each) during summer and winter seasons. Although GnRH induced LH peak concentrations did not differ during the two seasons, time to attain LH peak concentration was shorter (p < 0.05) and the area under LH peak was 39% higher (p < 0.05) during winter season in comparison to summer season. However, season had no effect on GnRH induced peak FSH concentration, time to attain peak FSH concentration and the area under FSH peak. Pretreatment basal LH and FSH levels did not differ during the two seasons. The present study suggests that the summer season adversely affects the GnRH stimulated release of LH in buffalo.

ZBTB16-RARa variant of acute promyelocytic leukemia with tuberculosis: a case report and review of literature

Anshu Palta,Pratibha Dhiman,Sanjay D. Cruz 대한혈액학회 2012 Blood Research Vol.47 No.3

A 23- year-old male presented with pulmonary tuberculosis and swelling of both lower limbs. He was put on antitubercular treatment. Hemogram showed mild anemia and Pseudo Pelger-huet cells. The bone marrow (BM) examination showed 52% promyelocytes with regular round to oval nuclei, few granules and were positive for CD13 and CD33, and negative for HLA-DR. Cytogenetic analysis of the BM aspirate revealed an apparently balanced t(11;17)(q23;q21). Final diagnosis rendered was acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with t(11;17)(q23;q21); ZBTB16/RARA. APL is a distinct subtype of acute myeloid leukemia. The variant APL with t(11;17)(q23;q21) cases that are associated with the ZBTB16/RARA fusion gene have been reported as being resistant to all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Therefore, differential diagnosis of variant APL with t(11;17)(q23;q12) from classical APL with t(15;17)(q22;q12); PML-RARA is very important. Here we have discussed the importance of distinct morphology of variant APL and also significance of rare presentation with tuberculosis.

Natural Lysophospholipids as a New Class of Growth Regulators

Jiwan Paul Palta,Stephen B. Ryu,Mustafa Ozgen,Sookee Park 한국원예학회 2000 원예과학기술지 Vol.18 No.5

A generalized<i>a priori</i>dose uncertainty model of IMRT delivery : <i>A priori</i>dose uncertainty model of IMRT delivery

Jin, Hosang,Palta, Jatinder,Suh, Tae-Suk,Kim, Siyong Wiley (John WileySons) 2008 Medical physics Vol.35 No.3

<P>Multileaf collimator-based intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is complex because each intensity modulated field consists of hundreds of subfields, each of which is associated with an intricate interplay of uncertainties. In this study, the authors have revised the previously introduced uncertainty model to provide an a priori accurate prediction of dose uncertainty during treatment planning in IMRT. In the previous model, the dose uncertainties were categorized into space-oriented dose uncertainty (SOU) and nonspace-oriented dose uncertainty (NOU). The revised model further divided the uncertainty sources into planning and delivery. SOU and NOU associated with a planning system were defined as inherent dose uncertainty. A convolution method with seven degrees of freedom was also newly applied to generalize the model for practical clinical cases. The model parameters were quantified through a set of measurements, accumulated routine quality assurance (QA) data, and peer-reviewed publications. The predicted uncertainty maps were compared with dose difference distributions between computations and 108 simple open-field measurements using a two-dimensional diode array detector to verify the validity of the model parameters and robustness of the generalized model. To examine the applicability of the model to overall dose uncertainty prediction in IMRT, a retrospective analysis of QA measurements using the diode array detector for 32 clinical IM fields was also performed. A scatter diagram and a correlation coefficient were employed to investigate a correlation of the predicted dose uncertainty distribution with the dose discrepancy distribution between calculation and delivery. In addition, a gamma test was performed to correlate failed regions in dose verification with the dose uncertainty map. The quantified model parameters well correlated the predicted dose uncertainty with the probable dose difference between calculations and measurements. It was visually validated with the scatter diagrams. The average correlation coefficient between uncertainty and dose difference of 108 verification measurements was 0.80 +/- 0.04, indicating a strong linear correlation. In the clinical IM field studies, the dose uncertainty map mimicked the probable dose difference distribution. The average correlation coefficient between the overall dose uncertainty and the dose difference of 32 QA measurements (total 13 184 comparison points) was 0.75 +/- 0.07, which also indicated a strong linear correlation between them. The failed regions of the gamma test remarkably corresponded to relatively high dose uncertainty. In conclusion, the dose uncertainty map was able to highlight high dose uncertainty regions, where more care should be taken during the treatment plan. The a priori accurate prediction of dose uncertainty in IMRT will significantly improve the treatment plan evaluation process, thus improving the quality of radiation treatments.</P>

Effect of Removal of Follicles through Repeated Transvaginal Follicle Aspiration on Subsequent Follicular Populations in Murrah Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis

Akshey, Y.S.,Palta, P.,Manik, R.S.,Vivekananad, Vivekananad,Chauhan, M.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of removal of all ovarian follicles through repeated transvaginal follicle aspiration (TVFA) on the subsequent follicular populations in buffaloes. This information is crucial for determining the optimum time interval between successive aspirations for recovering oocytes from live buffaloes through Transvaginal Oocyte Retrieval (TVOR). The oestrus of cycling buffaloes (n=5) were synchronized by a single PGF injection schedule. All the ovarian follicles were removed once every 7 days for 6 weeks through TVFA, starting from Day 7 of the oestrous cycle (Day 0 = day of oestrus). The number and size of individual ovarian follicles was recorded at Day 3 and Day 5 (Day 0 = day of TVFA) through transrectal ultrasonography. The follicles were classified on the basis of their diameter as small (3-5 mm), medium (6-9 mm) and large ($\geq$10 mm). There was no difference in the number of small and medium follicles, and the number of total follicles between Day 3 and Day 5. However, the number of large follicles was significantly higher (p<0.05) at Day 5 than that at Day 3. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the proportion of small follicles and an increase (p<0.05) in the proportion of large follicles from Day 3 to Day 5, with no change in the proportion of medium follicles. The number of total follicles at Day 3 or Day 5 did not differ during the 6 TVFA sessions. It can be concluded that an interval of 3 days is more suitable than that of 5 days between successive aspirations for recovering oocytes through TVOR in a twice weekly schedule and that repeated removal of follicles through TVFA does not adversely affect the number of total follicles 3 or 5 days after TVFA.

Conceptual Source Design and Dosimetric Feasibility Study for Intravascular Treatment: A Proposal for Intensity Modulated Brachytherapy

SiyongKim,EunyoungHan,JatinderR.Palta,SungW.Ha 대한방사선종양학회 2003 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.21 No.2

Lysophospholipids as Novel Bioregulators

Stephen B. Ryu,Jiwan P. Palta 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

Conceptual Source Design and Dosimetric Feasibility Study for Intravascular Treatment: A Proposal for Intensity Modulated Brachytherapy

김시용,한은영,하성환,Kim Siyong,Han Eunyoung,Palta Jatinder R.,Ha Sung W. The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2003 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.21 No.2

목적: 본 연구는 새로운 근접치료선원의 이론적 설계를 통해 출력변조를 이용한 혈관내 방사선치료를 제안한다. 대상 및 방법: 제시된 이론적 선원은 기존의 선원과는 달리 선원물질과 차폐물질(스테인리스 스틸, 또는 텅스텐) 둘 다로 구성되며 이는 방위방향으로 비대칭적 방사선량을 제공할 수 있게 한다. 따라서, 방위방향으로 선원의 방향과 체류시간을 조절함으로써 출력변조를 통한 근접치료가 가능해진다. Novoste Beta-Cath system에서 사용하는 Sr-90/Y 전자방출 선원과 유사한 모양의 두 가지 단순화한 선원을 연구의 대상으로 고려하였다. 첫 번째 선원은 선원물질과 차폐물질이 각각 반씩 차지하며, 두 번째 선원은 1/4은 선원물질로, 나머지 3/4은 차폐물질로 구성된다. 두 선원에 대해 방위 및 방사방향으로의 선량분포를 MCNP 몬테 카를로 코드를 이용하여 계산하였다. 결과: 선원이 혈관내의 중심에 위치하지 않게 되는 가상조건에서의 선량 최적화 계산을 시도한 결과, 혈관내벽에 미치는 선량의 최고치와 최저치의 차이가 87$\%$에서 7$\%$까지 줄어들 수 있음을 보였다. 결론: 본 연구에서 제시된 이론적 선원은 선량적 관점에서의 적합성 여부에 관해 매우 고무적인 결과를 보여 줌으로써 출력변조를 통한 혈관내 근접방사선치료의 가능성을 나타내었다. 본 과제의 다음 단계는 굵기가 가는 맥관 내에서 선원의 위치를 파악하여 그를 방위방향으로 정확하게 회전시킬 수 있는 방사선 전달 체계의 개발이라 할 수 있다. Purpose: To propose a conceptual design of a novel source for intensity modulated brachytherapy. Materials and Methods: The source design incorporates both radioactive and shielding materials (stainless steel or tungsten), to provide an asymmetric dose intensity in the azimuthal direction. The intensity modulated intravascular brachytherapy was performed by combining a series of dwell positions and times, distributed along the azimuthal coordinates. Two simple designs for the beta-emitting sources, with similar physical dimensions to a $^{90}Sr/Y$ Novoste Beat-Cath source, were considered in the dosimetric feasibility study. In the first design, the radioactive and materials each occupy half of the cylinder and in the second, the radioactive material occupies only a quater of the cylinder. The radial and azimuthal dose distributions around each source were calculated using the MCNP Monte Carlo code. Results: The preliminary hypothetical simulation and optimization results demonstrated the 87$\%$ difference between the maximum and minimum doses to the lumen wall, due to off-centering of the radiation source, could be reduced to less than 7$\%$ by optimizing the azimuthal dwell positions and times of the partially shielded intravascular brachytherapy sources. Conclusion: The novel brachytherapy source design, and conceptual source delivery system, proposed in this study show promising dosimetric characteristics for the realization of intensity modulated brachytherapy in intravascular treatment. Further development of this concept will center on building a delivery system that can precisely control the angular motion of a radiation source in a small-diameter catheter.

Ovarian Follicular Populations Prior to and during Superovulation in Cattle: Relationship with Superovulatory Response

Manik, R.S.,Singla, S.K.,Palta, P.,Madan, M.L. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1998 Animal Bioscience Vol.11 No.5

The present study examined the follicular populations prior to and during superovulation and investigated their relationship with superovulatory response in crossbred cattle. Eleven animals were administered i.m. 8 doses of Folltropin of 2.5 ml each (1.75 mg/ml) spread over 4 days beginning on Day 10 of oestrous cycle, and 30 and 20 mg Lutalyse was given alongwith the 5th and 6th injections of Folltropin, respectively, to induce luteolysis. The animals were artificially inseminated 48, 60 and 72 h after the first Lutalyse injection. The number of corpora lutea (CL) was recorded by palpation per rectum and embryos were recovered non-surgically on Day 6 (Day 0 day of superoestrus). The ovarian follicular population was examined by transrectal Ultrasonography 15 h prior to and 52 h after the first FSH injection, and then on the day of superoestrus and the day of flushing. The follicles were classfied on the basis of diameter as small (3-5 mm), medium (6-9 mm) and large (${\geq}10mm$). The total number of follicles increased significantly (p < 0.01) from $2.45{\pm}0.35$, 15 h prior to the first FSH injection to $8.09{\pm}1.12$, 52 h after the first FSH injection and then further to $13.27{\pm}1.89 $ on the day of superoestrus. A positive correlation was observed between the number of small follicles 15 h prior to the first FSH injection (r = 0.60, p < 0.05), the number of large follicles 52 h after the first FSH injection (r=0.59, p < 0.05) and the number of CL. The follicular population prior to and during superovulation was, however, not significantly different between high (> 6 CL) and low responders (${\leq}6CL$). The present study suggests that the follicular populations undergo dynamic changes during superovulation and that follicular populations prior to superovulation have a limited application as an indicator of the superovulatory response.