체외배양한 인제대정맥혈관내피세포에서 R. tsutsugamushi 감염이 Tissue Factor와 Type 1 Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor의 발현에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

김미란,기선호,배현주,장우현,박선양,최강원 대한감염학회 1995 감염 Vol.27 No.4

목적:쯔쯔가무시질환시 생기는 전신혈액응고장애의 병인 기전이 rickettsia의 침투에 의한 혈관내피세포의 손상, 그에 따른 tissue factor의 발현, 뒤이은 tissue type plasminogen activator(tPA)의 분비와 보상기전으로 type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI-1)이 분비되는 과정으로 생각하고 이를 보고자 연구를 시행하였다. 방법:체외배양한 혈관내피세포에 순수분리한 Rickettsia tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 상층액에서 ELISA법으로 tPA와 PAI-1을 측정하였고 혈관내피세포 단층배양에서 면역형광법으로 tissue factor를 측정하였으며 PAI-1 유전자의 발현을 확인하고자 Northern blot analysis로 PAI-1 mRNA를 확인하였다. 결과: 1) PAI-1 R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 24시간에 가장 높은 농도를 보이며 그 증가량은 정상대조군에 비해 2.5배에서 4.7배까지 증가 하였다. 2) R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 혈관내피세포에서 분비되는 tPA의 분비는 정상대조군에 비해 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) Northern blot analysis에 의한 PAI-1 mRNA의 발현 검색 결과 정상대조군에 비해 R. tsutsugamush가 감염된 혈관내피세포에서는 PAI-1의 발현이 2.5배 정도 증가하였다. 4) 혈관내피세포 단층배양에 R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시킨후 24시간에 tissue factor단일클론 항체와 FITC-conjugated anti mouse IgG를 이용한 간접 면역형광항체법으로 tissue factor를 측정한 결과 혈관내피세포 표면에서 tissue factor의 존재를 확인할 수 있었다. 결론:단층배양한 혈관내피세포에 R. tsutsugamushi를 감염시켰을 때 tissue factor가 발현되었고 PAI-1의 분비가 증가하여 24시간에 가장 많이 분비되었다. 그러나 tPA의 분비는 정상대조군에 비해 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. Nothern blot analysis를 통한 PAI-1 mRNA의 발현 검색 결과 PAI-1이 새로이 생성되어 분비됨을 확인하였다. Background:Tissue type plasminogen activator(tPA), type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), and von Willebrand factor are known to be released into the sera of patients in disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC). The main pathologic mechanism of tsutsugamushi disease is the vasculitis by direct endothelial cell invasion by R. tsutsugamushi which dosen't have endotoxin. It is suspected that the mechanisms of DIC and activation of plasminogen activation system are different from those of sepsis by other organisms. which is caused by endotoxin. We suspect that direct rickettsial invasion of endothelial cells causes endothelial cell damage, tissue factor release, which is followed by DIC, and tPA and PAI-1 are released as compensatory mechanism. Methods:We cultured endothelial cells from human umbilical cord vein, infected them with purified R. tsutsugamushi Gilliam strain, checked tPA and PAI-1 by ELISA in culture supernatant. Then we observed the tissue factor expression on cultured endothelial cell monolayer by indirect IF stain. PAI-1 gene expression was evaluated by northern blot analysis. Results: 1) PAI-1 level showed gradual increase up to 240ng/ml (2.5-4.7 fold increase) in 24 hours. 2) tPA level showed no significant change with time. 3) PAI-1 gene expression increased 2.5 fold by northern blot analysis. 4) Tissue factor was expressed on the endothelial cells infected with R. tsutsugamushi. Conclusion: R. tsutsugamushi infection induces expression of tissue factor on endothelial cells and PAI-1 synthesis and it would contribute to DIC mechanism in tsutsugamushi disease in part. But it has no direct effect on tPA release.

Thinning of the Corpus Callosum and Cerebellar Atrophy is Correlated with Phenotypic Severity in a Family

Sanjeev Rajakulendran,Coro Paisán-Ruiz,Henry Houlden 대한신경과학회 2011 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.7 No.2

Background:Mutations in the spatacsin gene are associated with spastic paraplegia type 11(SPG11), which is the most-common cause of autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia. Although SPG11 has diverse phenotypes, thinning of the corpus callosum is an important feature. Case Report:Clinical, genetic, and radiological evaluations were undertaken in a large family from Gujarat in North India with hereditary spastic paraplegia, whose affected members presented with varying degrees of spasticity, ataxia, and cognitive impairment. The clinical severity and the degree of corpus callosum and cerebellar atrophy varied among the four affected individuals in the family. Genetic testing of the affected members revealed recessive mutations in the spatacsin gene, consistent with a diagnosis of SPG11. Conclusions;We believe that the extent of corpus callosum thinning and cerebellar atrophy is correlated with disease severity in affected patients. The addition of extrapyramidal features in the most-affected members suggests that SPG11 exhibits considerable phenotypic heterogeneity.

胞狀奇胎와 胎兒의 共存 2例

朱明淑,成貞柱,裵惠珍 대한산부인과학회 1969 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.12 No.12

The Effect of Agomelatine in Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia

Carol Sheei-Meei Wang(Carol Sheei-Meei Wang ),Kuo-Sheng Cheng(Kuo-Sheng Cheng),Chia-Hung Tang(Chia-Hung Tang),Ming-Chyi Pai(Ming-Chyi Pai),Pai-Lien Chen(Pai-Lien Chen),Pei-Fang Chien(Pei-Fang Chien) 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.4

Objective: Moderate and severe behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) often need medical treatment to improve symptoms. Agomelatine is a selective melatonergic (MT1/MT2) agonist that has normalizing effects on disturbed circadian rhythms and disrupted sleep−wake cycles. Its activity of 5HT-2C receptor antagonism is associated with lessening depression and anxiety and increasing slow-wave sleep. Based on past clinical records and current findings it suggests that agomelatine can improve BPSD for patients. This retrospective cohort study was designed to compare the BPSD before and after using agomelatine. Methods: Records of dementia cases who had ever received agomelatine treatment for BPSD in a general hospital setting during the past 2.5 years were identified and reviewed. Scores from before and after 3 months of treatment with agomelatine were collected for Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) to compare and analyze the difference of psychological and behavioral symptoms pre- and post-agomelatine used. Results: Records of 144 cases of dementia with BPSD who had ever used agomelatine from January 2015 to June 2017 were collected. All of the 112 cases had BPRS and CGI scores, of which 75 cases had additional NPI scores. Among these 112 cases, the BPRS and CGI scores were significantly improved in all types of dementia. NPI scores indicated that the use of agomelatine alleviated obvious symptoms and decreased overall distress, especially in the depression/poor mood, anxiety, and sleep/night behavior. Conclusion: It is consistent with an effective result of agomelatine in improving BPSD.

Effects of High Relative Humidity on Weight Loss, Color Change, and Microbial Activity of Tomatoes during Refrigerated Storage

Pai, Tongkun 한국응용생명화학회 2000 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.43 No.4

The effects of high relative humidity (RH) on the physicochemical properties and microbial activity of mature green tomatoes ('Dombito') during refrigerated storage were determined at three temperatures (5, 10, and $15^{\circ}C$) and four different RH levels (91, 94, 97, and 99%). At each temperature, the weight loss rates of tomatoes at different levels of RH were significantly (p<0.05) different from each other. For the samples stored at $10^{\circ}C$, the weight losses were generally higher than those for the samples at $15^{\circ}C$ within the same RH level (i.e., greater vapor pressure deficit). The color change rates ('a' value) showed positive slopes, indicating that the tomato color was changing from green to red. Neither bacteria nor fungi caused visible damages to the samples, and the microbial counts were below 650 colony forming units/$cm^2$ during the test period.

Effects of Storage Environmental Conditions on Weight Loss, Whiteness Change, and Microbial Activity of Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)

Pai, Tongkun 한국응용생명화학회 2000 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.43 No.3

The effects of storage temperature and high relative humidity (RH) on the weight loss, color change, and microbial activity of a mushroom ('Sylvan' hybrid white) were investigated. The experiment was performed at three temperature (5, 10 and $15^{\circ}C$) and four different relative humidity levels (91, 94, 97 and 99%). The weight loss of the tested samples had a highly correlated linear relationship with storage time at each RH level during storage. Both the storage temperature and RH levels in the experiment had signigicant effects (p<0.05) on the weight-loss rate of the tested samples. The loss whiteness of mushrooms was not significantly affected (p>0.05) by RH ranges at the same temperature. No visible damage was caused by either bacteria or fungi in all samples during storage.

Treatment of a heterotrophic ossification fracture at the proximal Achilles tendon: a case report

Pai Xu,Zhao Wang,Seung-Ho Lee,Jun-Sheng Zhang,Chan Kang 대한정형외과 스포츠의학회 2023 Arthroscopy and Orthopedic Sports Medicine Vol.10 No.2

A heterotrophic ossification fracture ~80 mm in size was found in the proximal Achilles tendon area on a plain radiograph in a 71-year-old female patient who visited the hospital due to right calf pain after jogging. On surgical findings, the entire Achilles tendon substance was changed into heterotrophic ossification in the calcaneus ossification center, and a total defect was induced after excision. Flexor hallucis longus transfer surgery, commonly used among various Achilles tendon reconstruction methods, was performed, and 14 months after the operation, satisfactory results were obtained without hindrance to daily life. Although there have been several reports of Achilles tendon ossification, no domestic report has yet been confirmed for a case in which acute fracture was prominently identified and treated when the entire proximal Achilles tendon substance was ossified.

THE EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS SHOCKS ON A PRODUCTION FRONTIER AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY IN KOREA

PAI, MI-KYUNG 한국경제학회 2003 The Korean Economic Review Vol.19 No.2

This study investigates the effects of exogenous shocks from the HCI (Heavy Machinery and Chemical Industries) Drive Policies and the 1997 Asian financial crisis on a production frontier and technical efficiency level of the Non-HCI, HCI, and IT manufacturing in Korea from 1978 to 2001. The HCI Promotion Policy represents a strong market intervention under the GM (Governed Market) in the pre-1980 period, and the Asian financial crisis triggered another exogenous market intervention under the SM (Simulated Free Market) in the post-1980 period in Korea. Through a Full Frontier Production Function (FFPF) with a Gamma Distribution using maximum likelihood estimation method, it can be concluded that there have been significant reverberating effects of the HCI Drive Policy and the Asian financial crisis of 1997 with respect to the production frontier and level of technical efficiency of the rapidly growing core industries in the last few decades. Moreover, the technical efficiency level of the rapidly growing core industries targeted by the government at each economic developmental stage of Korea was higher than that of the industries not targeted, which proved that the winners of the government industrial policy gained static efficiency as well as dynamic efficiency in the last three decades. In conclusion, the targeted industries led economic growth for each economic developmental stage of Korea, and efficient industry proved it to be highly competitive in the world market.

A Study on Introduction of the Budgetary Accounting System for Not-for-profit Organizations related to Maritime and Fisheries Sector in Korea

Pai, Hoo-Seok Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research 2004 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.28 No.7

This paper aims to introduce budgetary accounting system for not-for-profit organizations related to maritime and fishery in Korea Especially, these not-for-profit organizations related to maritime and fishery should design and maintain the original accounting systems because they have some objectives and activities of organizations different to for-profit organizations. Currently, while the accounting for not-for-profit units is difficult to understand, this case study of budgetary accounting system for not-for-profit organizations related to maritime and fishery as KSSIT may be great help to them by reflecting all administrative activities of these units and offering objectively and fairly financial position and phase or operating results. This paper concentrate primarily upon this subject about double-entry accounting system to be introduced in order to improve budgetary systems of not-for-profit organizations. These units are governmental organizations as public corporations and bodies corporate and politic. Therefore, not-for-profit organizations related to maritime and fishery should be applied to regulations of the Governmental Accounting Standards Board. GASB has the authority to establish standards of financial reporting for all units of government. With conclusion, this paper reviewed a case of double-entry system for budgetary accounting, and examined a process of financial reporting in not-for-profit organizations. Through this paper, the comprehensive understanding of budgetary accounting system for not-for-profit organizations as KSSIT would be promoted.

CWP231A, First-in-Class Wnt Signaling Inhibitor for Cancer

PAI Jin Keon 大韓藥學會 2010 大韓藥學會 總會 및 學術大會 Vol.2010 No.1