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Online training and education from the VR-1 reactor—Lessons learned
Novak Ondrej,Bily Tomas,Huml Ondrej,Sklenka Lubomir,Fejt Filip,Rataj Jan 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.12
Hands-on education and training is a key part of fixing and developing technology knowledge and is an inherent part of many engineering and scientific curricula. However, access to large complex training facilities, such as nuclear reactor, could be limited by various factors, such as unavailability of those facilities in the region, high traveling costs or harmonization of the schedules of hands-on E&T with theoretical lectures and with the operational schedule of the facility. To handle the issue, several success stories have been reached with the introduction of the Internet Reactor Labs (IRL). The Internet Reactor Labs can strongly contribute to accessibility of training at research reactors and can contribute to improvements in their utilization. The paper describes the development of the Internet Reactor Lab at the VR-1 reactor of the Czech Technical University in Prague. Contrary to single-purpose IRLs, it presents various modalities of online teaching and training in experimental reactor physics and reactor operation in general as well as outreach activities that have been developed in recent years
Ondrej Holas,Kamil Musilek,Miroslav Pohanka,Kamil Kuca,Veronika Opletalova,Young-Sik Jung 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.6
Acetylcholinesterase reactivators are crucial antidotes for the treatment of organophosphate intoxication. Standard in vitro test was chosen using a rat brain homogenate as the source of AChE. Screening of reactivation potency was performed with two concentration of reactivator (1000 μM and 10 μM). Results were compared to established reactivators pralidoxime, methoxime, HI-6, trimedoxime and obidoxime. More than 30 novel reactivators performed equal or better reactivation ability of POX-inhibited AChE compared to currently used reactivators. The structure-activity relationship for reactivators of paraoxon-inhibited AChE was developed.
Waveguide Applicator System for Head and Neck Hyperthermia Treatment
Ondrej Fiser,Ilja Merunka,Jan Vrba 대한전기학회 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.6
The main purpose of this article is a complex hyperthermia applicator system design for treatment of head and neck region. The applicator system is composed of four waveguides with a stripline horn aperture and circular water bolus. The specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature distribution from this applicator in various numerical phantom models was investigated. For used targets, the treatment planning based on the optimization process made through the SEMCAD X software is added to show the steering possibilities of SAR and thereby temperature distribution. Using treatment planning software, we proved that the SAR and temperature distribution can be effectively controlled (by amplitude and phase changing) improving the SAR and temperature target coverage approximately by 20 %. For the proposed applicator system analysis and quantitative evaluation of two parameters 25 % iso-SAR and 41°C iso-temperature contours in the treatment area with the respect to sensitive structures in treatment area were defined. To verify our simulation results, the real measurement of reflectivity coefficient as well as the temperature distribution in a homogenous phantom were performed.
Ondrej Slezak,Milan Kalal,공홍진 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.57 No.21
A mathematical description of an experimentally-verified scheme leading to a phase-locked stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is presented. It is shown that this phase-locking of the SBS process may have its origin in a transient acoustic standing wave initiated by an arising optical interference field, eventually leading to a stationary density modulation of the medium. An appropriate solution was obtained by solving the acoustic wave-equation with electrostriction as a driving force. As a consequence of the damping term being included in this equation, the acoustic standing wave becomes gradually attenuated and, contrary to the undamped solution published earlier, thus constitutes a truly transient phenomenon.
( Ondrej Krystynik ),( Rudolf Chlup ),( Katerina Loykova ),( Vera Loykova ),( Jaromira Gajdova ),( Vlastimil Prochazka ),( Josef Zadrazil ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Since the year 1978 continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) became the best near-physiological way of insulin substitution. The purpose of this study was to answer these questions: 1) how many persons have been put on an insulin pump since 1995 2) how many of them rejected the insulin pump 3) how many of them were switched to another kind of treatment 4) how many of CSII-treated patients died Methods: The study was carried out in a diabetes center in the course of 18 years (1995-2012). Various types of insulin pumps were applied and upgraded shortly beyond the date of their 48-month expiration period. The indications for CSII were insuffi cient diabetes control, progression of complications, pregnancy and patient´s motivation. Results: A total of 580 patients (aged 11-78 years, 481 treated for T1DM and 99 persons for T2DM) were put on insulin pump in our center (n = 532) or referred with a pump to our center from a children`s department (n = 48) at their age of 18 years. A duration of diabetes varied from 0 to 56 years. Six patients (1%) rejected the pump within 6 years after insertion due to stress related to new technologies. Seven patients (1,2%) were switched to other treatment, three patients had to be switched to other treatment due to their low compliance. Twenty-six pump-treated patients (4,5%) died due to late renal failure (n = 5), myocardial infarction (n = 2), heart failure (n = 12), stroke (n = 2), pneumonia (n = 2), M.Alzheimer (n = 2) or unknown cause (n = 1). Conclusions: Growing numbers of persons with diabetes type 1 and type 2 put on insulin pumps demonstrate increasing motivation of patients in recent technology for diabetes treatment.
Waveguide Applicator System for Head and Neck Hyperthermia Treatment
Fiser, Ondrej,Merunka, Ilja,Vrba, Jan The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.6
The main purpose of this article is a complex hyperthermia applicator system design for treatment of head and neck region. The applicator system is composed of four waveguides with a stripline horn aperture and circular water bolus. The specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature distribution from this applicator in various numerical phantom models was investigated. For used targets, the treatment planning based on the optimization process made through the SEMCAD X software is added to show the steering possibilities of SAR and thereby temperature distribution. Using treatment planning software, we proved that the SAR and temperature distribution can be effectively controlled (by amplitude and phase changing) improving the SAR and temperature target coverage approximately by 20 %. For the proposed applicator system analysis and quantitative evaluation of two parameters 25 % iso-SAR and $41^{\circ}C$ iso-temperature contours in the treatment area with the respect to sensitive structures in treatment area were defined. To verify our simulation results, the real measurement of reflectivity coefficient as well as the temperature distribution in a homogenous phantom were performed.
Geometry Optimization of Dispersed U Mo Fuel for Light Water Reactors
Novak Ondrej,Suk Pavel,Kobylka Dusan,Sevecek Martin 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.9
The Uranium/Molybdenum metallic fuel has been proposed as promising advanced fuel concept especially in the dispersed fuel geometry. The fuel is manufactured in the form of small fuel droplets (particles) placed in a fuel pin covered by a matrix. In addition to fuel particles, the pin contains voids necessary to compensate material swelling and release of fission gases from the fuel particles. When investigating this advanced fuel design, two important questions were raised. Can the dispersed fuel performance be analyzed using homogenization without significant inaccuracy and what size of fuel drops should be used for the fuel design to achieve optimal utilization? To answer, 2D burnup calculations of fuel assemblies with different fuel particle sizes were performed. The analysis was supported by an additional 3D fuel pin calculation with the dispersed fuel particle size variations. The results show a significant difference in the multiplication factor between the homogenized calculation and the detailed calculation with precise fuel particle geometry. The recommended fuel particle size depends on the final burnup to be achieved. As shown in the results, for lower burnup levels, larger fuel drops offer better multiplication factor. However, when higher burnup levels are required, then smaller fuel drops perform better.
Holas, Ondrej,Musilek, Kamil,Pohanka, Miroslav,Kuca, Kamil,Opletalova, Veronika,Jung, Young-Sik Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.6
Acetylcholinesterase reactivators are crucial antidotes for the treatment of organophosphate intoxication. Standard in vitro test was chosen using a rat brain homogenate as the source of AChE. Screening of reactivation potency was performed with two concentration of reactivator (1000 ${\mu}M$ and 10 ${\mu}M$). Results were compared to established reactivators pralidoxime, methoxime, HI-6, trimedoxime and obidoxime. More than 30 novel reactivators performed equal or better reactivation ability of POX-inhibited AChE compared to currently used reactivators. The structure-activity relationship for reactivators of paraoxon-inhibited AChE was developed.