염소를 포함한 액체에서의 금박막 패터닝과 표면 분석

성덕경,최정옥,안일신,김옥경 한양대학교 이학기술연구소 2004 이학기술연구지 Vol.7 No.

금박막은 높은 전도성의 화학적인 안정성을 가지고 있으므로 GaAs를 기판으로 한 bevice에서 널리 쓰이고 있으며 SAM(Self-Assembled Monolayer), Nanolithography 등에서도 아주 주요하게 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 염소가 포함된 액체에 금박막이 접해있고 UV를 조사하여 식각이 되는 것을 발견하고 연구하였다. 노광량을 조절하여 금박막의 기각률을 조절할수 있으며, 또한 가모강제 공정을 거치지 않고 금박막에 직접 조사하게 되므로 간단하게 패터닝을 할수 있다. AFM(atomic force microscope), optical microscope, ellipsometry 를 이용하여 식각률 측정 및 표면 변화를 보았다. Various metals or their alloys are used in the semiconductor metallization process or in micro-or nano-structure devices. We report a novel etching technique of gold film based on new phenomenon that gold is soluble in chlorine containing solutions or solvents under UV irradiation. Mask patterns can be transferred to gold surface directly without resorting to complicate photoresist process. And, etch rate could be controlled from sub nanometer to few tens of nanometers per minute by adjusting exposure parameters. Moreover, non-toxic liquid such as NaCl solution can be used for the process. AFM(atomic force microscope), optical microscope, ellipsometry were used to characterize the etch rate and the surface morphology.

제주도 연안 초망 어선의 소음에 관한 연구

박성욱,서익조,오승훈,김병엽,이창헌,서두옥 濟州大學校 海洋硏究所 2002 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.26 No.-

제주도 연안에서 이루어지는 초망 어업에서 수중음을 이용하여 멸치 어군을 유효하게 집어하기 위한 기초 자료를 얻기 위하여 어선의 주기관을 공회전시켰을 때의 선상과 어군이 유집되어 투망되는 수심 4m지점과 함께 수심 10m층의 수중 소음을 측정 조사하였다. 이때 사용한 선박의 공회전은 전진시의 800 rpm과 후진시의 1000 rpm으로 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 기관의 회전수 800 rpm에서 선수(B), 갑판(D), 선미(S), 연돌 위(F), 기관실 내(E)의 소음 준위는 각각 90, 93, 106, 107, 101 dB 이었으며, 기관 회전수 1,000 rpm에서의 소음 준위는 각각 93, 95, 110, 109, 103dB이었다. 2. 회전수를 800rpm으로 할 경우 100, 300, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 Hz에서 선수의 소음 준위는 4m인 경우 각각 92, 95, 102, 97, 94, 92dB 이었으며, 수심 10m인 경우 87, 88, 99, 96, 94, 93 dB이었고, 선체 중앙에서는 4m인 경우 94, 91, 100, 96, 94, 92dB, 10m인 경우 93, 92, 99, 95, 93, 91dB이었다. 선미에서는 4m인 경우 98, 94, 100, 97, 94, 92 dB이었으며 10 m인 경우 92, 93, 99, 96, 93, 92 dB로 나타났다. 3. 후진시 사용하는 회전수 1000 rpm으로 할 경우 100, 300, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 Hz에서 선수 소음 준위는 4m인 경우 각각 86, 91, 98, 95, 93, 92 dB로 나타났고, 10m인 경우 88, 87, 99, 96, 94, 92 dB로 나타났으며, 선미에서는 4m인 경우 88, 88, 99, 96, 93, 92 dB, 10m인 경우 88, 86, 99, 96, 94, 92 dB로 나타났다. In order to obtain a basic data for alluring a school of fish, anchovy with emitting underwater sound, an experimnet for measuring noise level was carried out on no-load operation of a engine. noise level was measured at the depths of four meters and ten meters and analyzed. Then, the revolution per minute of the ship used at this field experiment was 800 including 1000. The results were followed. 1. On 800 rpm, noise levels on board were 90, 93, 106, 107 and 101 dB in the order of bow, deck, stern, funnel, funnel and engine room. In addition, 93, 95, 110, 109 and 103 dB on 1000 rpm, respectively. 2. on 800 rpm, underwater noise levels of the depth of four meters at the bow were 92, 95, 102, 97, 94 and 92dB at the frequencies of 100, 300, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 Hz, respectively and those of the depth of ten meters were 87, 88, 99, 96, 94 and 93 dB. Underwater noise levels of the depth of four meters outside the engine room were 94, 91, 100, 96, 94 and 92 dB at the frequencies of 100, 300, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 Hz, respectively and those of the depth of ten meters were 93, 92, 99, 95, 93 and 91 dB. Underwater noise levels of the depth of four meters at the stern were 98, 94, 100, 97, 94 and 92 dB at the frequencies of 100, 300, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 Hz, respectively and those of the depth of ten meters were 92, 93, 99, 96, 93 and 92 dB. 3. On 1000 rpm, underwater noise levels of the depth of four meters at the bow were 86, 91, 98, 95, 93 and 92 dB at the frequencies of 100, 300, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 Hz, respectively and those of the depth of ten meters were 88, 87, 99, 96, 94 and 92 dB. Underwater noise levels of the depth of four meters at the stern were 88, 88, 99, 96, 93 and 92 dB at the frequencies of 100, 300, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 Hz, respectively and those of the depth of ten meters were 88, 86, 99, 96, 94 and 92 dB.

運動學習에 있어서 言語的 强化의 效果에 關한 實驗硏究

金成玉 全北大學校 敎育大學院 1984 敎育論叢 Vol.4 No.-

Problem Reinforcement is essential to learning to stimulate learning activities. Praise and reproof, encouragement and discouragement, reward and punishment and ego-involvement (self-respect, status, prestige) are devices used to stimulate learning activities. Of all these, praise and reproof is one of the best way to stimulate learning activities in class situation. Many previous studies (Hurlook 1925, Anderson 1966) suggested that praise was more effective than reproof on learning. But, those studies were on the cognitive learning or performance and skill, any studies on motor learning have not been attempted. Therefore, this present study was an attempt to clearify the effects of the praise and reproof on motor learning and has three specific problems to be answered. Specific problems were as follows; 1. In general,praise is more effective than reproof on motor learning. 2. Reproof is more effective than praise for the group of the good scholastic achievement and high IQ, and less effective for the group of the bad and the low. 3. Reproof is also more effetctive than praise for the group of the good motor ability and less effective for the bad. Method A. Subjects 1. For the problem 1, subjects were 195 male students of the three classes chosen randomly from the whole 1st year classes in K Middle School 2. For the problem 2, subjects were 15 students of superior group and 15 students of inferior group in each of above three classes. They were chosen in terms of the IQ and the scholastic achievement. 3. For the problem 3, subjects were 15 students of each group chosen by the same manner as the“problem 2”in terms of the motor ability. B. Procedure The subjects had practiced the long jump as follows: 1st step; subjects had practiced lead-up skills; run, take off, action in the air and landing by part method of learning for six hours. 2nd step; subjects had practiced lead-up skills placing a bar (55㎝ high) as a barrier to aid lifting the leg high into the jump by the whole method of learning for nine hours. 3rd step; subjects had practiced the long jump with all his power, speed and skills for three hours by whole method of learning. During the practicing period, the teacher gave only praise to the praise group for the comparatively good performed motor behavior, but disregard the bad, and gave only reproof to the reproof group for the comparatively badly performed motor behavior, but disregard the good. And the control group were not received any reinforcement for any motor behavior. To compare the improvement among the three groups, the measurement was done by three times during the practice. Results 1. Praise was not more effective than reproof on motor learning in general, the problem I was rejected. 2. Reproof was more effective than praise for the group of the good scholastic achievement and high IQ, and less effective for the bad and the low group, but after long period of practicing the improvement of the two group was alike. Therefore, the problem 2 was confirmed in general. 3. Problem 3 was confirmed in general by the same manner as 2. But, there was no significant difference in the improvement of all the scores in the results of F test, so the results of this study could not be generalized. Nevertheless, on the basis of this results the following suggestions could be made. 1. When we attempt to apply general learning theories to motor learning we have to study those learning theories strictly before application to motor learning. 2. Reproof can be an effective reinforcement in motor learning if used properly. 3. The study have to be performed on the effects of praise and reproof according to the subject's sex, personality, cultural and social environment and manner in which praise and reproof is given.

소금이 마우스에서 고형암의 성장과 면역활성 및 지질과산화에 미치는 영향

정근옥,이강윤,이성갑,박건영 부산대학교 김치연구소 2002 김치의 과학과 기술 Vol.8 No.-

There are several types of salts, which are classified into raw salt (Chunil salt, CS), purified salt (PS) and processed salts (Gueun salt, Bamboo salt) in Korea. Gueun salt (Gs) is made by baking CS in the ceramic vessel at 800℃. Bamboo salt (BS) is produced by baking CS, bamboo and mud in an oven at 1,300℃. In this study, effects of these salts on tumor formation, NK (natural killer) cell activity and lipid peroxidation in kidney and heart were investigated in the sarcoma-180 cell transplanted mice. Sarcoma-180 cells were transplanted subcutaneously into the left groin of Balb/c mice. Then, various kinds of salt, including 1 time heat treated KCI mixed BS-A (CS : KCI =3:7)and B (CS : KCI = 5:5), supplemented diet at concentrations of 10% were fed for 21 days from 24 hours following transplantation. The body weight decreased when 10% salt added diet was fed to the sarcoma-180 cell treated Balb/c mice. The body weights of CS, PS and treated groups were lower than their initial weights (19 ~ 20 g). Spleen and liver index were lower in the mice administered PS and GS than sarcoma-180 cell treated control group. KCI mixed BS-A and B reduced the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the kidney and heart that increased by the injection of sarcoma-180 cells. The feeding of PS in the diet increased the levels of MDA in the kidney and heart of sarcoma-180 treated mice compared to the control group. These results exhibited that KCI mined BS could suppress.

중소제조기업의 경영혁신운동에 관한 비교연구

전춘옥, 박성규 가톨릭대학교 산업경영연구소 2001 産業經營硏究 Vol.- No.9

금강에 인접된 지역에서 발생하는 빨간집모기(Culex pipiens L.)의 살충제 저항성

이성옥,김정화 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2003 農業科學硏究 Vol.20 No.-

Resistance monitoring of mosquto, Culex pipiens L collected in the areas(munyi, kongju, puyo and kunsan) near the Kum River(Geumgang) in 1998, was investigated by comparing the resistance ratios to four organophosphorus (chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, fenthion, fenitrothion), one carbamate (propoxur) and two pyrethroid(permethrin, fenvalerate) insecticides, and by determining the occurrence of esterase activities The sensitivities to insecticides used in this experiment were low but for carbamate The resistance ratio to propoxur was high, 43~75 times In agar gel electrophoresis, activities of esterase bands was high in kunsan, and low in munyi Est-α2βb was shown 79~100% of occurrence in all strains. Rare esterase band was Est-α3βc and it was increased according to downstream of the river.

이산대수문제에 기반한 그룹 비밀키 분배 및 갱신프로토콜

오명옥,김성열,정일용 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2001 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.4 No.2

본 논문에서는 ID 보안 기술에 기반을 둔 디지털서명, 키분배 기법을 이용하여 그룹 비밀키의 분배와 갱신을 위한 효율적인 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안된 프로토콜의 안전성은 이산대수 어려움에 근거하고 있으며 단말기의 저장능력과 처리의 능력이 적을 경우도 적절하게 운영될 수 있고, 그룹 내에서 제외하고자하는 통화자가 동시에 여러 명일 경우에도 적용할 수 있다. 또한 통화자의 변동 없이 그룹 비밀키를 변경하고자 하는 경우에도 용이하게 키를 갱신할 수 있도록 설계되었다

상호운용성 지원을 위한 이동 에이전트 시스템 설계

정성옥,이정기,홍성표,송기범,이준 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 2002 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.5 No.1

A mobile agent is a computer program that acts autonomously on behalf of a person or organization and that has the unique ability to transport itself from one system in a network to another. An agent system is a platform that can create, interpret, execute, transfer and terminate agents. But, most current mobile agent systems adopted their own architectures, being implemented in various ways. Since those agent systems provide different interfaces, agens created in one mobile agent system could not move to other agent systems perform their task. To solve this problem, interoperability becomes one of the important issues on mobile agent systems. The OMG(Object management Group) proposed: the MAF(Mobile Agent Facility) specification for the interoperability among heterogeneous mobile agent systems. The MAF specification contains MAFAgentSystem and MAFFinder interfaces, and defines agent management, code mobility and naming rule. In this paper, we propose an execution model that can execute mobile agents within an agent system and migrate them to a remote agent system as conforming MAF, and design the structure and functions of its agent system. Our model uses Java and CORBA ORB in its the implementation and exploits their characteristics appropriately. Specifically its agents beside its clients can spawn child agents and control other agents.

CO₂고정을 위한 화학독립영양미생물 Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1의 분리 및 특성

배상옥,곽경오,이용운,김성준,정선용 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2000 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

The increase of CO2 in the atmosphere by fossil-fuel combustion has been recognized as a major cause of global warming. Thus many studies on CO2 removal from the combustion gas have been performed, and recently the techniques for biological CO2 fixation by photoautotrophs have also been developed, In this study, extensive screening was conducted to obtain micoorganism with high capability in fixing CO2, and its characteristics was investigated. As a result, a chemoautotrophs identified as a Aeromonas sp. strain JS-1 was isolated from the fresh water. The isolated strain used the molecular hydrogen and CO2 as an energy and a carbon source, respectively. Growth characteristics, which will be used in the development of a continuous culture system related in CO2 fixation, were examined in batch cultivation under conditions of various CO2 and NaCl concentrations, temperature, and pH. The results of the examination showed that the isolated strain had a good growth to high CO2 concentration(40%), indicating applicable in removing CO2 discharged from industries.

청각장애학교에서의 진로교육 현황 및 개선방안

원성옥,강윤주 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2005 특수교육재활과학연구 Vol.44 No.4

The purpose of this study is to examine and analysis the realities of career education and to propose the its improvements in school for the deaf. We gathered opinions of 135 teachers in school for the deaf from questionnaire.The results are shown as following. First, Teachers have a correct understanding about the concept, the instruction steps, and instruction contents of career education. Second,Teachers know the necessity and importance of career education in classroom,but they didn't give the career guidance and information in classroom. Third, Teachers didn't give the career guidance and information in extra activity and counseling. Fourth,The materials and programs are not enough to provide the career education. Finally, We suggest improvements of career education based on the realities and teachers' recommendation 본 연구는 청각장애학교의 진로교육 현황을 분석하기 위해 전국에 소재하고 있는 11개 청각장애학교에 근무하고 있는 교사 135명을 대상으로 진로교육에 대한 인식과 진로교육 현황을 교과지도, 특별활동 및 진로행사, 상담활동, 진로정보자료 및 프로그램의 활용으로 나누어 조사하였다. 조사결과, 진로교육은 초등부부터 시작되어야 하며 그 필요성도 느끼고 있었을 뿐 아니라 진로교육의 의미나 학교급별 진로교육의 단계와 그에 적절한 교육 내용에 대해서도 바르게 인식하고 있었다. 그러나 교과활동을 통한 진로교육의 제공, 특별활동과 상담활동을 통한 진로교육 현황은 필요성 인식에 미치지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 현황과 교사들이 제안하는 개선방안을 바탕으로 진로교육 개선방안을 제시하였다.