三國時代 寶石製 裝身具의 造形性에 관한 硏究 : 頸飾을 中心으로

金定玉 원광대학교 대학원 2007 論文集 Vol.39 No.-

The Three States era of Gogooryeo, Baekjae and Shilla had the most colorful and versatile metal crafts. Especially jades were widely used along with various metals in ornaments. Necklaces werea typical symbol of royal class and although there were similarities, each country had their own characteristics. In this study, in-depth analysis on necklaces, which played more important roles during the Three States era is reported as well as kinds, materials, and shapes of necklaces, and the results are as follows. The kinds of ornaments utilizing jewels during the period of the Three States are crowns, Gwan-Sik, earings, necklaces, bracelets, rings, belts, buckles, shoes, and hair accessories. The shapes of jewels used for ornaments during the Three States era are Kok-Ok(curved Jades), Kwan-Ok(piped Jades), Ko-Ok(drum-shaped), Cho-Ok, DaMeun-Ok (multifaceted), SanChi-Ok, Ho-Ok, MilGam-Ok, IHyung-Ok. The shapes of IHyung-Ok are MoJaGok-Ok. NanHuyng-Ok Ga Ja Huyng-Ok (egg-plant shaped). PyoHyung-Ok(gourd dipper-sha ped). Materials used are jades, agate, maroon colored agate, amber, amazon stone, quartz, emerald, aventurine, topaz, microcline, serpentine, willemite. The ornaments of the Three States era show characteristics shapes and unique kinds of jewels. Characteristics of Gogooryeo show natural and smooth yet powerful craftsmanship us ing Tu-Gak, plating, and metal carving techniques. As for jewelry ornaments, it is difficult to say of the shapes since there has been no known artifacts unearthed. But a complete version of a necklace from Gogooryeo has never been discovered, so it is difficult to know the exact form. Necklaces from Baekjae show prominent Baekjae craftsmanship styles with various shapes and kinds of jades compared to Shilla and Gaya. They show advanced glass coloring technique. Their advanced MoJaGok-Ok show subtle Baekjae craftsmanship, which only flourished in Baekjae. Shilla had the most brilliant and various golden ornaments of all. Specifically, Shilla had highly precise and accurate skills in gold ornamenting. Shilla widely used curved jades and their carving skills on jade were unique. As for materials, they used gold laiden curved jades unlike other states. Gaya was not much different from Shilla except that they used simple earthen jades. As seen in styles and usages of necklaces of the Three States era, manufacturing and usage was determined according to the polishing styles and necklaces. The relationship amongst ornaments according to their styles and materials are as follows. Gu-Ok(Ball-shaped jades), So-Ok(small jades), DaMeun Ok (multifaceted jades), Kwan-Ok(pipe-shaped jades), gemma were mainly used for necklaces. Based on styles and materials used during the Three States era necklaces were produced using agate, red agate, topaz, jades, purple agate, and amethyst. As you can see the necklaces of each countries of the Three States Era has its own characteristics, as in the figure of the jade or its usage. The necklaces of the Three States Era can be categorized by its material or form. In materials there are pure gold, pure gold mixed with glass, and various jades. In form there are one string necklaces, and two string necklaces. As you can see the necklaces of the Three State Era have its own characteristics by the country, and there were also various shapes of the jade and usage.

李鈺의 漢文小設 硏究

옥치곤,김정호 진주산업대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.38 No.-

In this thesis, I investigated the inclination to novel in the biographies of Lee Ok. This dissertation is a study to understand the novels of Lee Ok and a representative man of the Chosun Dynasty. Lee Ok, born in the disorderly late Chosun Dynasty, was alive an obscure life because he was ruined the upper class (Yang-Ban) during Chosun Dynasty. So his literary works represented about neglected common people class. His life had influence on literary works. Lee Ok wrote twenty three novels. Each of the twenty three novels didn't deal with in this study. This study discloses the variety of fictional techniques of Lee Ok. So this study fully examined one of the Lee Ok's novel (Sim-Seong-Jeon). His novel world, idea, and viewpoint of literature, based on his obscure life, are the recognition and limitation against social injustice. It is formed to his right recognition of history, and to the criticism of society in consistency to sympathy for pityful people. His literary works have the resistances against the social inconsistency.

뇌성마비 환아의 발달 평가와 유발 전위, 뇌파,뇌 자기 공명 영상의 비교연구

서정수,김태민,채진목,김영경,김봉옥 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.4

한국의 학교 미술교육 실태에 대한 문화인류학적 고찰

정옥희 한국문화교육학회 2010 문화예술교육연구 Vol.5 No.1

이 연구는 한국의 근대식 학교교육의 성립 이후 현재까지 국가 교육과정 체제 속에서 이루어지는 학교 미술교육 현장의 실태들을 비판적으로 고찰하는데 목적이 있다. 연구 방법으로는 문화인류학 분야에서 사용하는 민족지학연구방법을 사용하여 연구 참여자로 선정된 미술교육 관련 종사자 8인과의 인터뷰로 연구 자료를 수집하여 분석한다. 분석의 초점은 한국의 사회문화적 맥락에서 아비투스화된 학교 미술교육 관행들을 과학적 입증이나 직접적이고 정확한 문제 해결을 위해서라기보다는 그 관행들에 대한 원인을 파헤치는데 있다. 자료 분석의 결과, (1) 포함과 배제의 정치학적 관행, (2) 중앙 통제적인 개발 체제 속의 아비투스화된 관행, (3) 자율권 속의 획일화된 수업 관행, (4) 선발 제도 속에서 도외시된 교과의 교육적 정당성으로 한국의 학교 미술교육의 제도적 관행들을 도출할 수 있었다. 이 연구 결과를 통해 얻은 시사점은 우리 사회의 문화적 관행으로서 그동안 행해져온 학교 미술교육을 미술교육연구자를 비롯하여 교육과정 정책 결정자와 미술교사들을 중심으로 우리 사회의 제도적 체제 속에서 당연하게 간주해왔던 고정된 인식과 태도들로 이루어진 것은 아닌지 반성해야 한다는 것이다. This study examines the sociocultural practice of art education in schools conducting the Korean national curriculum with cultural anthropological approach. This research data is collected by interviewing with eight participants who have experiences to work at korean schools and analysed with ethnography. The purpose of this analysis is to understand how the practice of Korean art education is practiced and why the recent issues of Korean school art education happens, rather than to demonstrate scientifically the causes and the processes such as quantitative approaches. Therefore the research results do not provide the solution of the issues happened in Korean school art education. The results analysed by the theories of Foucault's power and knowledge and the normalizing processes present the four categories: (1) the political practice between inclusion and exclusion; (2) the habitus in the controlled curriculum developing systems; (3) the uniformed practice in the self regulated composition of curriculum; (4) the disregarded educational rationale in the entrance systems. These results imply that we have to reflect whether the school art education have been conducted by the policies which are decided by our preoccupied consideration. Consequently, Korean school art education should be developed with an efforts for searching the educational rationale and purpose of art teaching and learning toward equality. To do this, Korean art educators and governors who are contributing school art education should overcome the institutional limits of the controlled and practiced habitus.

Factors influencing choosing teaching as a career: South Korean preservice teachers

Jeong‑Ae Lee,Mi Ok Kang,Bitnara Jasmine Park 서울대학교 교육연구소 2019 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.20 No.3

This study validated the underlying factor structure of the Factors Influencing Teaching (FIT)-Choice survey in the South Korea context and examined motivations and perceptions of 903 Korean preservice teachers by major demographic characteristics. Secondary preservice teachers reported significantly higher values than elementary preservice teachers for Qualification fit and desire to teach and Task return. Male preservice teachers believed more strongly than female preservice teachers that they chose the teaching profession because of Qualification fit, Influencing others, and Task return. Compared to freshmen/sophomores, juniors/seniors reported significantly higher values for Task demand. Participants with low- to medium-level self-reported income ($12K–$46K) weighted Benefits significantly higher than those with medium-level income ($46K–$88K). STEM majors reported higher values for the Qualification fit and Influencing others than non-STEM majors. As South Korea is one of the few countries which has an oversupply of highly qualified teacher candidates, findings were compared with other countries to provide useful insights to improve recruitment of highly qualified individuals to teaching workforce in many countries where teacher shortage is a chronic problem. Based on these data analyses, we argue that policy makers, politicians, education researchers, and others who care about quality education and student academic achievements need to make efforts to increase task returns and benefits.

양친매성 유기점토를 이용한 중금속과 유기 오염물질 동시제거 기술

옥용식,임수길,김정규 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.3

Although clay can sorb significant amounts of inorganic contaminants from soils and waste-water, the hydration of exchangeable cations in clay minerals makes it hydrophilic at the clay mineral surfaces and interlayers. Thus, natural clays are often ineffective in complexing and stabilizing toxic organic contaminants in soils and groundwater environment. But, substituting these hydrated cations with cationic surfactant such as QAC(Quaternary ammonium Compound) can change the natural clay from hydrophilic to hydropobic. Furthermore functionalized organoclay can act as a powerful dual function sorbent for both toxic metals and organic compounds. It also can be used as landfill clay liners, slurry walls, nano-composite materials, petroleum tank farms, waste treatment, and fflter systems. To use this modified clay minerals effectively, it is required to understand the fundamental chemistry of organoclay, synthetic procedures, its engineering application, bioavailability of sorbed ion-clay complex, and potential risk of organoclay. In this review, we investigate the use, application and historical background of the organoclay in remediation technology. The state-of-the-art of organoclay research is also discussed. Finally, we suggest some future implications of organoclay in environmental research.

상수 응집제 황산알루미늄과 PAC 응집처리 후 염소 및 오존산화처리에 따른 부식물 색도 및 중금속류의 제거

옥치상,김정아 高神大學校 保健科學硏究所 1993 보건과학연구소보 Vol.3 No.-

The removal of heavy metals by chlorination and ozonization after coagulations in drinking water treatment was investigated. Based on the results, the optimal coagulant concentrations to remove heavy metals were 10ppm for alum at pH 8, 10ppm for PAC at pH 7, respectively. The removal of Pb, Cu and Cd in heavy metal samples was high in alum and PAC coagulation. And in removal of Pb, Cu and Cd, PAC was more effective than alum. The removal of heavy metals by oxidation after coagulation were that ozonization was more effective than chlorination.

프랑스의 꼬뮌 시스템과 꼬뮌간 협력

정옥주 서울대학교 국제지역원 2000 국제지역연구 Vol.9 No.2

성당의 교구를 기본으로 구획되어, 12세기 이상의 역사를 가지고 있는 프랑스의 꼬뮌은 주민들 정체성의 상징임과 동시에 이 나라 공간 구조 및 지방 자치하에서의 국토 개발정책을 이해하는데 핵심이다. 인구 및 면적에서 그 규모가 너무 작기 때문에 관리와 개발의 효율성이 떨어지는 프랑스 꼬뮌의 한 약점은, 농촌 탈출을 거쳐 오늘날 Rurbanisation으로 이어지는 농촌 공간 변화와 맞물려 농촌 지역 꼬뮌들의 협력 필요성을 더욱 강화하고 있다. 공공서비스 공급과 관리를 위한 단순한 형태의 조합에서 시작된 꼬뮌 협력체는, 꼬뮌의 강제적 통합 정책이 실패로 끝나면서, 재정을 공유하고 개발정책을 공동으로 결정시행하는 더 결합된 형태의 협력관계로 발전하여 국토개발 정책의 기본 단위가 되고 있다. 기초 지방자치 단체인 꼬뮌의 권한중 상당 부분을 이양 받는다는 점에서 80년대 이후 강력하게 추진 되고 있는 지방분권의 측면에서도 중요한 의미를 띤다. 이 글은 꼬뮌이 가지는 고유의 독립성을 존중하면서 꼬뮌간의 협력으로 관리와 개발의 효율성을 도모해 나가는 프랑스의 경우를 살펴보고, 이를 통해 우리나라 행정구역 개편에서 야기되는 갈등들을 보는 새로운 시각과 이에 기초한 공간정책을 제시하고자 한다. 꼬뮌간 협력의 한 보기로서는 프랑스 북서부의 Bretagne 지방, Ctes d'Armor에 소재한 la Communaut de Communes du Pays de Lanvollon-Plouha를 예로 든다. The French Commune System and Intercommunal Cooperation The well-known subdivided French commune system is crucial in this paper to an understanding of the rural organization and the decentralized regional development policy in France. As the rural exodus and the phenomenon of "rurbanisation" unfold, the rural communes with a naturally small scale have become more and more obliged to cooperate either mutually or with the nearby urban communes. Since a fail of the authoritarian communal fusion, intercommunality has been considered as the best means of arbitrating between the efficient regional development and the communes' desire for autonomy. Intercommunal cooperation, initially employed as a simple tool of the disstributing basic services, replaces the power of the communes concerning the regional development, involving the delegation of the most of communal competences to the intercommunal structure (Etablissements publics de cooperation intercommunale ). In this paper considering the French commune system and the intecommunal cooperation, I have dealt with the current mutations of rural space, especially the rurbanisation, and insisted on a development of a rural type of intercommunal cooperation through the example of the la Communaut de Communes du Pays de Lanvollon-Plouha, located in Bretagne, the north-eastern side of France.

토양 표면의 전기화학적 특성과 응용

옥용식,임수길,김정규 고려대학교 생명자원연구소 2002 생명자원연구 Vol.10 No.-

문화인류학의 발전과 교육에 미친 영향

정옥희 교양교육혁신연구센터 2018 지식과 교양 Vol.- No.2

본 연구는 문화와 개인의 관계에 둘러싼 논쟁으로 이루어진 인류학의 발전을 탐구한다. 문화와 개인의 관계를 초점으로 문화와 퍼스넬리티론이 심리 인류학으로 발전되고, 신진화 주의와 문화유물론을 주장한 마르크스 철학의 영향은 문화인류학의 토대가 되어 문화상대주의 관점으로 이어지는 일련의 과정을 살펴봄으로써 교육 이론에 미친 영향을 발견할 수 있다. 문화인류학은 교육학의 발전과 함께 문화 상대 주의적 관점에서 인간에 대한 이해를 문화 속에서 들여다보게 함으로써 교육을 인류학적 관점에서 탐구하고자 한 교육인류학의 태동을 가져왔음을 알게 해준다. 문화인류학의 발전이 교육에 미친 영향 관계를 탐색하는 것은 그동안 문화에 관한 당연한 믿음 속에서 선택된 지식과 정보가 교육으로 이행되는가에 대한 통찰을 제공한다. 개인과 문화의 관계 속에서 그동안 당연시 여겼던 문화적 믿음을 낯설게 함으로써 교육의 방향을 인류학적 관점에서 거시적으로 바라보는 계기가 될 수 있다.