Flexible binder-free graphene paper cathodes for high-performance Li-O₂ batteries

Kim, Do Youb,Kim, Mokwon,Kim, Dong Wook,Suk, Jungdon,Park, O Ok,Kang, Yongku Elsevier 2015 Carbon Vol.93 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, free-standing porous graphene papers for high-capacity and reversible Li-O<SUB>2</SUB> battery cathodes are investigated. The graphene paper-like films were fabricated by the assembling of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) with the aid of graphene oxides (GOs) as a stabilizer, using a vacuum-assisted filtration method. By using GOs as a stabilizer, the GNP/GO films were fabricated with a paper-like form and they exhibited a highly wrinkled and disordered morphology. Moreover, the use of GNPs as a basic material eliminated the need for a post-annealing to recover the intrinsic electrical conductivity of graphene sheets. Subsequently, the GNP/GO paper could be directly used as a Li-O<SUB>2</SUB> battery cathode without any conducting additives and binders. The GNP/GO paper electrode showed a much higher discharge capacity in comparison to the reduced-GO paper and commercially available carbon papers. We also found that toroidal Li<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> mainly nucleated and grew on discharge, and decomposed on charge with a relatively high O<SUB>2</SUB> evolution/consumption efficiency of 87%. However, a large number of Li<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> particles grew inside the GNP/GO paper electrode, resulting in severe volume expansion of the electrode. This volume expansion could be the primary reason for the capacity fading on cycling.</P>

晋州市 上鳳東洞 一帶의 나방相에 대하여

朴重錫,吳泰植 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1988 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.4 No.-

1984년 3월 31일부터 11월 2일까지 32주 동안 晋州市 上鳳東洞 一帶의 나방相을 調査 한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 採集 同定된 나방類(Heterocera)는 총19科, 260屬, 329種, 8,215個體였으며 이들 중에서 Idaea trisetata Prout 외 10종이 한국미기록종으로 同定되었다. 2. 出現個體數는 月別로는 8月, 季節別로는 여름에 가장 많았다. 3. 나방類의 出現시기는 年中 1회 출현하는 種, 2個月 以上 간격으로 2회 출현하는 種. 6個月 以上 계속 出現하는 種, 봄, 여름 및 가을에만 出現하는 種 등 크게 6가지 類型이 있었다. 4. 優占種은 쌍줄점갈고리나방 (Nordstroemia japonic Moore)이었으며 優占科는 밤나방과(Noctuidae)였다. 5. 時間別 出現樣相은 23~02시 사이에 가장 많이 出現했고, 가장 많이 採集된 時間은 봄 23시, 여름 02시, 가을 20시였다. 6. 기온별 出現樣相은 20~26℃ 사이에 出現個體數가 많았다. 7. 濕度別 出現樣相은 50%에서 다소 출현하기 시작하여 습도가 높아짐에 따라 출현개체수가 증가하다가 90% 이후에는 다소 감소하는 경향이었다. Seasonal fluctuations of the moth fauna in relation to time, air temperature and relative humidity were investigated in Sangbongdong-dong, Chinju-city, Gyo˘ngsangnam-do, Korea from March 31, to November 2, 1984. This study was based on an examination of 8,125 individuals. 1. The collected and identified moth were 329 species, 260 genera, 19 families, and the dominant species and family were Nordstroemia japonica Moore and Noctuidae, and the unrecorded species in Korea were 11. 2. Biogeographically the ration between the Paleoarctic and the Oriental species was 4 to 1. 3. Appearence pattern was classified into 6 types according to the frequency, and the collected numbers of individuals. The moths were most abundant in August and through Summer. 4. The moths appeared most abundantly from 23 to 02 o'clock through the year, and at 23, 02and 20 o'clock in Spring, Summer and Autumn, respectively. 5. By air temperature, the collected numbers of individuals were most from 20℃ to 26℃. 6. By relative humidity, the collected numbers of individuals were none at 45% and increased from 50% and most at 90%

龍飛御天歌 撰述의 역사사회적 의미에 관한 연구

최상천,이윤석,박승길,여찬영,최웅혁 효성여자대학교 한국전통문화연구소 1991 韓國傳統文化硏究 Vol.7 No.-

Graphene paper with controlled pore structure for high-performance cathodes in Li–O₂ batteries

Kim, Do Youb,Kim, Mokwon,Kim, Dong Wook,Suk, Jungdon,Park, Jung Jin,Park, O Ok,Kang, Yongku Elsevier 2016 Carbon Vol.100 No.-

<P>In non-aqueous Li-O-2 batteries, relatively large amounts of discharge products are formed on air cathodes. As such, the expansion of air cathodes is a critical issue that remains to be solved. Here, we report the fabrication of highly porous free-standing graphene paper by introducing macropores within the paper using polystyrene colloidal particles as a sacrificial template. The as-prepared macroporous graphene paper (mp-GP) have a large BrunauereEmmetteTeller (BET) surface area (ca. 373 m(2) g(-1)), a large pore volume (ca. 10.9 cm(3) g(-1)), and a high porosity (91.6%). Owing to the high surface area and large pore volume, the mp-GPs exhibit a high specific capacity of ca. 12,200 mAh g(-1) at a current density of 200 mA g(-1), as well as good rate capability, when used as an air cathode in a non-aqueous Li-O-2 battery. Moreover, the mp-GP shows good stability up to 100 and 78 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g(-1) and 2000 mA g(-1) respectively, with a limiting capacity of 1000 mAh g(-1). It is found that formation and decomposition of the discharge product, Li2O2, occur within the macropores, and thus, the mp-GP maintains its original structure without considerable expansion during cycling. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Characteristics of greenhouse gas concentrations derived from ground-based FTS spectra at Anmyeondo, South Korea

Oh, Young-Suk,Kenea, S. Takele,Goo, Tae-Young,Chung, Kyu-Sun,Rhee, Jae-Sang,Ou, Mi-Lim,Byun, Young-Hwa,Wennberg, Paul O.,Kiel, Matthä,us,DiGangi, Joshua P.,Diskin, Glenn S.,Velazco, Voltaire A.,Gr Copernicus GmbH 2018 Atmospheric measurement techniques Vol.11 No.4

<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Since the late 1990s, the meteorological observatory established in Anmyeondo (36.5382°<span class='thinspace'></span>N, 126.3311°<span class='thinspace'></span>E, and 30<span class='thinspace'></span>m above mean sea level) has been monitoring several greenhouse gases such as CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, CFCs, and SF₆ as a part of the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Program. A high resolution ground-based (g-b) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS) was installed at this observation site in 2013 and has been operated within the frame work of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) since August 2014. The solar spectra recorded by the g-b FTS cover the spectral range 3800 to 16<span class='thinspace'></span>000<span class='thinspace'></span>cm⁻¹ at a resolution of 0.02<span class='thinspace'></span>cm⁻¹. In this work, the GGG2014 version of the TCCON standard retrieval algorithm was used to retrieve total column average CO₂ and CH₄ dry mole fractions (XCO₂, XCH₄) and from the FTS spectra. Spectral bands of CO₂ (at 6220.0 and 6339.5<span class='thinspace'></span>cm⁻¹ center wavenumbers, CH₄ at 6002<span class='thinspace'></span>cm⁻¹ wavenumber, and O₂ near 7880<span class='thinspace'></span>cm⁻¹ ) were used to derive the XCO₂ and XCH₄. In this paper, we provide comparisons of XCO₂ and XCH₄ between the aircraft observations and g-b FTS over Anmyeondo station. A comparison of 13 coincident observations of XCO₂ between g-b FTS and OCO-2 (Orbiting Carbon Observatory) satellite measurements are also presented for the measurement period between February 2014 and November 2017. OCO-2 observations are highly correlated with the g-b FTS measurements (<i>r</i>² = 0.884) and exhibited a small positive bias (0.189<span class='thinspace'></span>ppm). Both data set capture seasonal variations of the target species with maximum and minimum values in spring and late summer, respectively. In the future, it is planned to further utilize the FTS measurements for the evaluation of satellite observations such as Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT, GOSAT-2). This is the first report of the g-b FTS observations of XCO₂ species over the Anmyeondo station.</p> </P>

Hepatic yersiniosis caused by Yersinia enterocolitica 4:O3 in an adult dog.

Byun, Jae-Won,Yoon, Soon-Seek,Lim, Suk-Kyung,Lee, O-Soo,Jung, Byeong Yeal AAVLD 2011 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION Vol.23 No.2

<P>A 2-year-old Pekinese dog was diagnosed with hepatic yersiniosis. Grossly, white-to-yellow nodules consisting of degenerated inflammatory cells, cell debris, and bacterial clumps were scattered throughout the liver. Histopathologically, suppurative and necrotizing hepatitis was apparent. Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 4, serotype O3 (4:O3) was identified and confirmed in the liver immunohistochemically, using a monoclonal antibody. The virulence genes ystA and ail were detected, but the isolate was negative for autoagglutination and calcium-dependent growth. To confirm systemic yersiniosis in animals, it is imperative that the organism(s) be identified because the hepatic lesions are similar to those of Y. pseudotuberculosis and other diseases, including plague, which is also a zoonotic pathogen.</P>

南冥 曺植의 自然地理觀과 書院의 立地分析

반오석 동의대학교 인문사회연구소 2011 인간과 문화 연구 Vol.18 No.-

사람들은 누구나 이상적인 주거환경을 갖춘 곳에서 살고자 한다. 중국을 비롯한 동아시아에서는 주거지의 자연환경을 가꾸는 데 있어 서양의 ‘자연지배’나 ‘자연정복’ 사상과는 달리, ‘자연조화’ 또는 ‘자연보완’을 이상적으로 여기는 사상 및 문화전통이 있어 왔다. 그 대표적인 것이 ‘風水’라고 할 수 있다. 서원건축은 사대부의 사상과 풍수가 배어있는 전통건축이다. 風土는 인물에게 영향을 미친다. 지리산의 천왕봉은 높이 솟구치는 울퉁불퉁한 石山으로 되어 있다. 이러한 천왕봉 기상은 南冥이라는 인걸을 낳고 키웠기에 남명문하는 엄한 아버지의 氣風을 갖게 되었다. 이러한 까닭으로 지리산 문하의 書院들은 건축물의 구조가 간단하고 엄한 기풍이 서려있는 공간들이다. 남명은 지리산의 웅장한 산세와 같아 강직한 嚴父의 자세로서 이론학문보다는 실천학문 즉 仁보다는 義를 중시하였다. 이러한 성품이 건축물에 있어서도 간단 단순한 건물 구조로 조형되었다. 南冥의 自然地理觀을 그의 詩文과 書院 중심으로 살펴보면, 남명은 그의 詩와 글에서 풍수용어인 ‘人傑地靈’과 ‘武陵桃源’을 여러 번 언급한 것을 알 수 있다. 이와 같이 남명은 詩와 글에서 뛰어난 풍수실력을 보였다. 또한 남명은 山天齋에서 지리산의 주봉인 천왕봉의 웅대하고 장쾌한 기운을 마당으로 받고자 산천재의 오른쪽인 서재자리를 비워 놓기도 하고, 德川書院에서는 內白虎와 內靑龍에 해당하는 산줄기가 없어 숭덕사의 외벽면에 靑龍그림과 白虎그림을 제자들이 그려 넣어 부족한 靑龍과 白虎의 기운을 그림으로라도 받고자 風水裨補를 한 부분 등에서 남명과 제자들의 實踐的인 풍수지리관을 엿 볼 수 있다. 山天齋와 德川書院은 남명의 사상과 자연지리관이 깃들어 있는 곳이며, 또한 남명이 풍수지리를 삶의 한 부분으로 적용한 곳임을 알 수 있다. Everyone tries to live in the place where has ideal residential environment. In the East Asia including China, there have been ideas and cultural traditions that people thought 'Natural Harmony' or 'Natural Supplementation' ideal, unlike the thought of 'Nature Domination' or 'Nature Conquest' in the Western in cultivating the natural environment of residential place. The representative of them can be said 'Geomancy'. The auditorium architecture is a traditional one in which the thought and geomancy of nobility are steeped. The natural characteristics influences persons. The Peak Cheonwang of Mount. Jiri is a rugged stone mountain which is very high. As the spirit of the Peak Cheonwang bore and cultivated a distinguished person, Nammyeong, and the students under Nammyeong came to have the spirit of a hard father. For this reason, the auditoriums at the foot of Mount. Jiri have the structure of buildings whose which spaces are simple and have strict spirit. He stressed on practical study rather than theoretical one, that is justice rather than benevolence, with the attitude of a hard father like the grand mountain terrain of Mount. Jiri. The character is formed as a simple and plain building structure in buildings. To look over his view of nature geography focusing on his poetry and the auditorium, it can be known that he referred to 'Earth Spirit for the Talented' and 'Shangri-La', the terms of geomancy, in his poetry and writings several times. Like this, he showed outstanding ability of geomancy in his poetry and writings. and we can peek at his and his disciples' practical view of geomancy at the part, etc. that the disciples helped and supplemented the geomancy in order to get the spirit of blue dragon and white tiger with a picture by drawing a blue dragon and a white tiger on the outer wall of the Sungdeok temple, because there was not a mountain range corresponding to the inner white tiger and the inner blue dragon at the Deokcheon Auditorium. The Sancheonjae and the Deokcheon Autitorium are the place where the thought and the view of nature geography of Nammyeong are steeped, and it can be seen that he applied geomancy as a part of life in the Sancheonjae and the Deokcheon Auditorium.

首都圈 衛星都市의 住民福祉向上을 위한 市議會와 行政機關의 役割에 관한 硏究 : Centering Around Koyang-Shi Kyung Ki-Do Area. (京畿道 高揚市를 中心으로)

윤석달,박오화,함영훈,황정룡,허희영 한국항공대학교 1993 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

地方化時代의 到來로 高揚市는 많은 變化가 豫想되고 있다. 1980年부터 繼續的으로 論議되던 地方自治의 問題가 지금은 現實化되어 1991年 4月에는 基礎地方自治의 議會를 構成하고 6月에는 廣域自治團體의 議會를 構成하였고 머지않은 將來 에 地方自治團體의 長을 選出할 豫定이다. 앞으로 많은 施行錯誤가 있을 수 있겠으나 地方自治時代에 돌입한 것은 누구 도 否認 할 수 없는 사실이다. 1997年경의 住民構成은 1990年代初期의 高揚市에 居住하고 있던 原住民과 一山을 포함한 新高揚 開發地域에 90萬의 新 入住者로 구성될 것이며, 이러한 高揚市 住民構成의 變化는 地方自治에 커다란 衝擊要因으로 작용될 것이다. 新.原住民의 要求를 調和하는 問題는 여러 形態로 나타날 수 있으나 住民福祉라는 側面이 매우 강하게 대두될 것이다. 高揚市의 福祉活動은 生活保護者들을 위한 특수한 경우를 제외하고는 거의 전무한 상태이다. 地方自治制度가 어느정도 安定的인 국면으로 접어들면, 地域的 次元에서 市民 모두를 위한 福祉活動이 深度있게 展開되어야 할 것이다. 市行政機 關과 市議會는 兒童福祉, 婦女福祉, 老人福祉및 醫療福祉에 대한 現況울 把握하고 이에 대한 해결의 優先順位를 결정하 여 다가오는 人口의 增加에 따른 福祉需要를 충족시켜 나가야 할 것이다. 福祉需要에 대한 優先順位를 硏究者들이 제시하여 보면 託兒施設과 더불어 綜合病院施設을 擴充하여 市民들에게 奉仕 하는 태세를 體系化하여야 할 것이며 그밖에는 施設을 擴充하는 方式보다는 年齡과 性別 및 職業 등의 基準에 맞게 "프 로그램"을 積極的으로 開發하는 努力이 경주되어야 할 것이다. 그러으로써 量的인 意味에서 뿐만이 아니라 質的인 意味 에서 福祉活動을 展開할 수 있는 基盤을 造成할 수 있을 것이다. It is expected that Koyang City have lots of changes according to the emergence of Decentralization era. Nowdays local self-government has been realized since its disscussion in 1980. On april, 1991, the assembly of basic self-government was established, and the assembly of extensive self-government constructed on june, 1991. The chairman of local-government assembly is supposed to be elected in the new future. None can deny the beginning of local-government era inspite of potential trial and errors. Population structure in 1997 is expected to be composed of the existing civilians of Koyang City in early 1990's and about 0.90millions of new comers in new cities including llsan area, and he change of the city population will significant impacts on the self-government scheme of Koyang City. The problem to coordinate desires of existing civilians and that of new comers might be embodied in many kinds of aspects, but welfare-raising will be strengthed first of all. Existing welfare programme of Koyang City dosen't show any signigicant activities except the case of Green Card programme. It is desirable that whole-sideed welfare programme be perfomed by local levels in the stage of staionary self-government systems. Administrative institutions and assembly of city should survey and research the present situations of children welfare, female welfare, the old age welfare, and medical welfare, and decide their priorities to meet increasing desires coming from rapid increase of city-population. We, researchers, propose several outstanding problems by priority as follows; to expand medical institutions and public nursery schools accompanies by strenthening the attitude of government employees for public service, to develop various programmes in order to activate many exiting institutions more efficiently rather than to build new institutions needed, in consideration of ages, sex and occupations of their users. If these propositions accomplished the welfare programme will have cornerstone to enrich its activities as well as activities as well as enlarge it bounderies.

두부손상 환자의 정신과적 합병증에 관한 장애 감정례의 일반 사항에 관한 분석

신석철,왕성근,신윤오,김덕호,김상국,강동숙 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1991 충남의대잡지 Vol.18 No.2

Authorst ried retrospective analysis to find out general characteristics of the patients undergoing disability evaluation at the department of psychiatry Chungnam National University Hospital from 1986 to 1990. The subjects, who were suffered from psychiatric complications due to head trauma by traffic accident, were 66 patients and they were classified depending on the demographic status, situations of traffic accident, evalaution periods, whether or not perform operation, and rates of evaluated disability and diagnosis. The results were summarized as follows. 1. General background of the subjects were as follows. 1) The frequency order of request were court(59 %) and insurance company(19.7%). 2) The place of accident was more common in large city, common accident vehicle were bus, truck, and cabs. 3) The season of accident were more common in Spring and Autumn. 2. Male(71.2%) was more common than in female and more common in the age group of 5-19 years old(37.9%). The most frequent job of the patients was labour, and the education level was more common in the graduates of elementary school(47.9% ). 3. The interval between accident and evaluation was most frequent in 12-23 months(47.5%), and duration of evaluation was mostly 14 to 21 days. Performed brain operation was 31.8% and non-operated patients was 50.0%. The rates of disability according to the McBride's disability evaluation were mostly belonged to the group of beow 40%(74.1%). 4. The final diagnosis after evaluation were organic personality disorder(45.5%) and dementia(31.8%).

보리등겨로 제조한 간장의 향기성분

권오준,이은정,최웅규,손동화,이석일,정연건,지원대 한국위생과학회 2002 한국위생과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

새로운 장류제품으로서 보리등겨의 이용방안을 모색하기 위하여 간장을 만들어 연구하였다. 보리로 제조한 간장의 갈색화는 점차적으로 증가 하였으며 완만한 변화를 보였다. 향기성분으로는 4-vinyl-2-methoxy-phenol, benzeneacetaldehyde, palmitic acid, 2-furancatboxaldehyde, methyl-9, 12-octadecadienoate, di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, diethyl phtalate, dibytyl-1,2-benzenedicatboxylate, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 3,4-dimethyl-1h-pyrazole, phenylethyl alcohol, dioctyl-hexanedioate, dimethyl-1,2-benzenedicatboxylate, benzaldehyde, methional, 2-methoxy-phenol, n-furfurylidene-3-methylbutyl amine, 1-furfuryl-2-formyl pyrrole, tetradrcanoic acid, 5-methyl-pyrimidine, 4-methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-imidazole, maltol, 5-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde 순으로 높은 함량을 차지 하였다. For investigation of new utilization as jang-products, kanjang was prepared using barely bran. This study was conducted to investigate flavor components of kanjang during fermentation time. The optical density was gradually increased. Among the flavor components identified in kanjang made with barley bran, the contents of 4-viny1-2-methoxy-phenol was the most in quantity followed by benzeneacetaldehyde, palmitic acid, 2-furancarboxaldehyde, methyl-9,12-octadecadienoate, di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, diethyl phtalate, dibutyl-1,2-benzendicarboxylate, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde, 3,4-dimethyl-1h-pyrazole, phenylethyl alcohol, dioctyl-hexanedioate, dimethyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, benzaldehyde, methional, 2-methoxy-phenol, n-furfurylidene-3-methylbutyl amine, 1-furfuryl-2-formyl pyrrole, tetradecanoic acid, 5-methyl-pyrimidine, 4-methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-imidazole, maltol and 5-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)methyl-2-furancarboxaldegyde.