Effect of Network Polymerization on the Pressure-Induced Structural Changes in Sodium Aluminosilicate Glasses and Melts: ²⁷Al and ¹⁷O Solid-State NMR Study

Lee, Sung Keun,Yi, Yoo Soo,Cody, George D.,Mibe, Kenji,Fei, Yingwei,Mysen, Bjorn O. American Chemical Society 2012 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.116 No.3

<P>Probing the pressure-induced structural changes and the extent of disorder in aluminosilicate glasses and melts at high pressure remains a challenge in modern physical and chemical sciences. With an aim of establishing a systematic relationship between pressure, composition, and glass structures, we report <SUP>27</SUP>Al and <SUP>17</SUP>O 3QMAS NMR spectra for sodium aluminosilicate glasses [Na<SUB>2</SUB>O:Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:SiO<SUB>2</SUB> = 1.5:0.5:2<I>n</I> with <I>n</I> = 1 (NAS150520, <I>X</I><SUB>SiO2</SUB> = 0.5), 2 (NAS150540, <I>X</I><SUB>SiO2</SUB> = 0.67), and 3 (NAS150560, <I>X</I><SUB>SiO2</SUB> = 0.75)], quenched from melts at pressures up to 8 GPa. We also explore the stability of the <SUP>[4]</SUP>Al–O–<SUP>[4]</SUP>Al cluster in the highly depolymerized, NAS150520, glass at high pressure. For given glass composition, the <SUP>[5,6]</SUP>Al peak intensity increases with increasing pressure. The population of <SUP>[5,6]</SUP>Al increases linearly with <I>X</I><SUB>SiO2</SUB> from NAS150520 (<I>X</I><SUB>SiO2</SUB> = 0.5) to NAS150560 glass (<I>X</I><SUB>SiO2</SUB> = 0.75) at both 6 and 8 GPa. The <SUP>[5,6]</SUP>Al/<I>X</I><SUB>SiO2</SUB> ratio also tends to increase with pressure, indicating a possible relationship between <SUP>[5,6]</SUP>Al fraction and <I>X</I><SUB>SiO2</SUB> that depends on pressure. The effect of pressure on the network connectivity in the sodium aluminosilicate glasses is manifested in the increase in <SUP>[4]</SUP>Si–O–<SUP>[5,6]</SUP>Al peak intensity and the decrease in the nonbridging oxygen (NBO) fraction with increasing pressure. The fraction of <SUP>[4]</SUP>Si–O–<SUP>[5,6]</SUP>Al in NAS150520 is smaller than in NAS150560. Taking into consideration the pressure-induced Al coordination transformation in the fully polymerized glass (albite, Na<SUB>2</SUB>O:Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>:SiO<SUB>2</SUB>= 1:1:6, NBO/T = 0), the fraction of <SUP>[5,6]</SUP>Al at a given pressure varies <I>nonlinearly</I> with variations of NBO/T. <SUP>[5,6]</SUP>Al fraction at 8 GPa increases with decreasing degree of melt polymerization from ∼8% for fully polymerized albite melt (NBO/T = 0) to ∼37% for partially depolymerized melt (NAS150560, at NBO/T = 0.29). Then it gradually decreases to ∼15% for NAS150520 with further increase in NBO/T of 0.67. This observed trend in the densification behavior at a given pressure indicates competing densification mechanisms involving steric hindrance vs changes of NBO fraction in the silicate melts. The NMR results also suggest that both NBO and BO, particularly <SUP>[4]</SUP>Si–O–<SUP>[4]</SUP>Si, interact with Na<SUP>+</SUP>, and thus the Na<SUP>+</SUP> distribution is likely to be homogeneous around both NBO and BO at high pressure without spatial segregation of silica-rich and alkali-rich domains for the glass compositions studied here. The presence of the <SUP>[4]</SUP>Al–O–<SUP>[4]</SUP>Al cluster is distinct in the NMR spectrum for NAS150520 glass at both 6 and 8 GPa. A new scheme of pressure-induced structural transitions in silicate melts involving <SUP>[4]</SUP>Al–O–<SUP>[4]</SUP>Al includes the formation of <SUP>[4]</SUP>Al–O–<SUP>[5]</SUP>Al.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2012/jpccck.2012.116.issue-3/jp206765s/production/images/medium/jp-2011-06765s_0008.gif'></P>

기판부근에서의 N₂및 O₂ECR 플라즈마 분포특성연구

박종오,안무선,김필수 漢陽大學校 自然科學硏究所 1996 自然科學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

ECR 플라즈마는 낮은 기체 압력, 높은 이온밀도 및 낮은 이온에너지 등의 특성을 가지고 있어 저손상, 미세회로 및 신소재 개발공정의 유력한 수단으로 인식되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 질소와 산소 ECR 플라즈마 발생변수에 관한 특성을 조사하였다. 특히 질소 및 산소기체 플라즈마를 생성시켜 자장변화와 기체 압력에 따른 플라즈마 밀도의 균일성을 조사하였고, 기체 압력변화 및 기판부근의 위치변화에 따른 질소 및 산소 플라즈마의 이온밀도 및 전자에너지의 분포특성에 대하여 조사하였다. 기체 압력 20-60mTorr 범위에서 이온밀도는 기체압력이 낮을수록 증가하였고 자장세기 분포에 비례하는 경향을 보였으며, 전자에너지는 압력이 낮을수록 감소하는 현상을 보였다. 이는 질소와 산소 기체 모두에서 동일한 경향을 나타내었으며 특히 질소기체의 경우 기체압력이 높아질수록 생성된 플라즈마가 매우 불안정하였다. 따라서 높은 이온밀도를 가지는 안정된 플라즈마를 형성할 수 있는 조건으로는 낮은 기체압력, 높은자장세기분포 등이 요구됨을 알 수 있었다. ECR plasma, having its characteristics of low gas pressure, low ion energy and high ion density, has become one of useful means to research and development for new materials and microeletronic circuits with low loss. These study deals with the characteristics of N₂and O₂ECR plasma generation. Especially, the uniformity of plasma density depending on the magnetic field and gas pressure of N₂and O₂has been investigated. In addition, N₂and O₂ion densities, and electron energy distribution properties are examined with variation of gas pressure and position in the vicinity of substrate. In the gas pressure range of 20-60mTorr, the ion density increases as decreasing gas pressure, although it is nearly proportional to the magnetic field. On the other hand, electron energy decreases as decreasing gas pressure. These phenomena show in both N₂and O₂gas plasmas. Therefore, the conditions to produce a stable plasma with high ion density must be low gas pressure and high magnetic field.

Disparity between Preoperative Target Correction Amount and Postoperative Correction Amount in Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy

O-­Sung Lee,Eui Soo Lee,이용석 대한슬관절학회 2019 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.31 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the disparity between the preoperative target correction amount and the postoperative correction amount in open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) in patients divided according to the planned osteotomy gap.Materials and Methods: Seventy­two patients were divided into two groups (group 1 with the planned opening gap lager than the mean opening gap length of total patients and group 2 with a smaller opening gap). The opening gap was determined according to the target weight bearing line (WBL) ratio on the preoperative whole leg radiograph. Absolute and relative values of the disparity between the target and postoperative WBL ratios were compared between groups in order to clarify whether the disparity was deviated toward over­ or under­correction.Results: The absolute value of disparity between the target and postoperative WBL ratios in group 1 was significantly larger than that in group 2 (6.01%±5.68% vs. 3.32%±3.38%; p=0.02). However, there was no statistically significant difference in relative values between groups (p=0.54). Conclusions: The postoperative WBL ratio after OWHTO was different from the preoperative target WBL ratio if the planned osteotomy gap was large. This mismatch was not deviated toward one side, either over­ or under­correction.

<tex> ${\rm TmBa}_{2}{\rm Cu}_{3}{\rm O}_{7-{\rm x}}$</tex> Superconducting Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition

Rock-Kil Ko,O-Jong Kwon,Kyu-Jeong Song,Ahmad, D.,Chan Park,Joon-Ho Lee,Seung-Su An,Nam-Jin Lee,Sang-Soo Oh,Young-Cheol Kim Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2007 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.17 No.2

<P>TmBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>7</SUB> <SUB>-</SUB> <SUB>x</SUB> films which is one of the (Rare earth)Ba<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>7</SUB> <SUB>-</SUB> <SUB>x</SUB> high temperature superconductors with small ionic radius of rare earth element, were deposited on STO (100) single crystal substrates and Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/YSZ/CeO<SUB>2</SUB> buffered metal substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The J<SUB>c</SUB> (77 K) and the value of onset of Tc TmBCO thin film on STO substrate was 4.5 MA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 86 K, respectively. The of J<SUB>c</SUB> TmBCO coated conductor on metal substrate was 1 MA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> . In-field property measurement was carried out at temperatures between 10 K and 77 K in magnetic filed up to 6 T in PPMS system. This is the first report, to the best of our knowledge, of TmBCO thin films and coated conductors with TmBCO film as the superconducting layer which have critical current densities at 77 K of 4.5 MA/ cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 1 MA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> , respectively. The superconducting properties of TmBCO films and the possibility of using TmBCO film as the superconducting layer of the HTS coated conductor, were investigated.</P>

족관절 골절의 임상적 고찰

김기용,윤준오,이수호,신헌규 울산대학교 의과대학 1992 울산의대학술지 Vol.1 No.1

The ankle joint is a modified complex hinge joint which plays an important role in weight bearing, walking and standing. So, the goals of treatment of ankle fracture are anatomical positioning of the talus in the mortise and regaining a smooth articular surface. The Lauge-Hansen classification of ankle fracture is useful because it characterized the mechanism and sequence of injury and in particular, emphasizes the associated ligamentous injuries. But, it is more complex and all fractures do not conform exactly to one of the described pattern. The Danis-Weber classification of ankle fracture is simpler, emphasized the importance of the lateral side of the ankle, and is usuful in planning surgical treatment. Initially this system did not distinguish the extent of involvement and was too inclusive. The problem has been addressed in the AO classification. The system proposed by Tile is easy to remember and emphasized the importance of assessing and relating stability to the structures that are injured. We analyzed 124 cases of ankle fracture, most of which were treated surgically by AO methods, in the Orthopedic Department, University of Ulsan Medical College, Asan Medical Center from July 1989 to March 1992. The results obtained from this study were as follows : 1. The most common victim was 3rd-5th decade's man. 2. The most common type of Danis-Weber classification was type C(36.3%) and most common type of AO classification was type C1(15.3%), C2(15.3%). According to the classification of Lauge-Hansen, the most common type was pronation-external rotation (42.7%). 3. In Danis-Weber type B and C, satisfactory results were obtained by operative treatment. 4. Danis-Weber's classification and A-O classification were very practical criteria for treatment of the ankle fracture.

고순도 타이타늄 에톡사이드 합성에 관한 연구

김기주,양오봉,소현수 한국공업화학회 2000 응용화학 Vol.4 No.1

The synthetic method of conventional titanium alkoxide had used a benzene for solvent and liquid ammonia to remove Cl^- ion. However, there are so many researches to find alternative solvent and removal agent of chloride ion, because of the drawback of benzene which has been known as a carcinogen and liquid ammonia that is very expensive and dangerous. Synthesis of titanium ethoxide was carried out as a function of solvent, odor of synthesis and amount of alcohol for synthesis of Ti(O-C₂H_5)₄ and used triethylamine (N(C₂H_5)₃) instead of ammonia for the removal of Cl^- ion. Maximum yield of 81.4% was achieved under the condition as follows: heptane for solvent and injected alcohol of 4 ㏖, 2 ㏖ at a time, in a reactor for 15 minutes. The stretching vibrations of (C-O)Ti were observed at wavenumber(㎝^(-1)) of 1100 ㎝^(-1) and 1050 ㎝^(-1), which was typical characteristic peaks of titanium ethoxide.

Hepatic yersiniosis caused by Yersinia enterocolitica 4:O3 in an adult dog.

Byun, Jae-Won,Yoon, Soon-Seek,Lim, Suk-Kyung,Lee, O-Soo,Jung, Byeong Yeal AAVLD 2011 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION Vol.23 No.2

<P>A 2-year-old Pekinese dog was diagnosed with hepatic yersiniosis. Grossly, white-to-yellow nodules consisting of degenerated inflammatory cells, cell debris, and bacterial clumps were scattered throughout the liver. Histopathologically, suppurative and necrotizing hepatitis was apparent. Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 4, serotype O3 (4:O3) was identified and confirmed in the liver immunohistochemically, using a monoclonal antibody. The virulence genes ystA and ail were detected, but the isolate was negative for autoagglutination and calcium-dependent growth. To confirm systemic yersiniosis in animals, it is imperative that the organism(s) be identified because the hepatic lesions are similar to those of Y. pseudotuberculosis and other diseases, including plague, which is also a zoonotic pathogen.</P>

Aspergillus fumigatus에 대한 단핵구의 항진균 작용에서 Interleukin-15의 역할

조정호,장경희,김효열,송영구,김창오,박윤수,홍성관,허애정,염준섭,김준명 대한의진균학회 2001 대한의진균학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Background : Despite recent advances in antifungal chemotherapy, invasive aspergillosis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that is known to enhance antifungal activities of monocytes against Candida albicans. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the potentials of IL-15 to enhance antifungal activities of monocytes against Aspergillus fumigatus. Methods: Peripheral blood monocytes from healthy adults were incubated with 0,1,10,100 ng/ml of IL-15 for 1, 2, and 4 days. Then, the ability of IL-15 to elicit the production of superoxide anion, the damage of hyphae by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyletrazolium bromide assay, and the killing ability of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia was investigated. Results: Incubation of peripheral blood monocytes with 100 ng/ml of IL-15 enhanced hyphal damage after 2 days (p<0.05), condicidal activity from the first day (p<0.05), and increased the production of superoxide anion (O2-) in response to phorbol myristate acetate. Conclusion: Our results indicate that IL-15 augments the microbicidal activity of human monocytes against Aspergillus fumigatus .[Kor J Med Mycol 6(2): 64-69]

목포시 도시근린공원에서 Well-being을 위한 대기환경 특성

임항선 ( Hang-seon Lim ),이정일 ( Jeong-il Lee ),박찬오 ( Chan-o Park ),박종수 ( Jong-soo Park ),정경모 ( Kung-mo Jung ),양수인 ( Soo-in Yang ) 한국환경기술학회 2015 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.16 No.4

본 연구는 목포시 도시근린공원 입암산과 양을산을 선정하여 피톤치드(11종), 음이온, 미세먼지, 총부유세균, 가스상 성분을 측정하였고, 동시간대 대기오염측정소 결과를 비교 분석하여 숲 기능의 장점을 찾아보고자 하였다. 피톤치드는 숲속에서 측정했던 평균농도는 797.5 ~ 986.4 pptv였고, 2시간 산책하면서 측정했던 평균농도는 382.1 ~ 415.7 pptv로 나타났다. 음이온은 바닷가에 위치 입암산공원이 양을산 보다 더 높게 나타났으며, 도시지역과 공지역이 낮게 나타났다. 가스상 물질인 질소산화물은 출근 시간대인 오전 7~10시에 높게 나타났으며원지역을 비교한 총부유세균과 PM-10은 도시지역에 비해 공원, 오존은 도시지역과 공원지역의 농도 차이가 없었으며 시간대별 오존농도는 정오경에 가장 높은 농도를 나타냈다. The study was carried out to investigate the concentration distribution of phytoncides, PM-10, anion, total suspended bacteria, nitrogen oxide and ozone on the air quality of Yangeulsan and Ibamsan urban-area parks on Mokpo city. In phytoncides, the mean value measured in each site showed 797.5 ~ 986.4 pptv in case of measuring air quality at position fixed in specific spot and 382.1 ~ 415.7 pptv in case of mobile measurement for air quality taking a walk during two hours. In anion, it showed that Ibamsan located near by sea was higher than Yangeulsan located near city`s center. In PM-10 and total suspended bacteria, the concentration measured in two urban-area parks was lower than that of city area. In NOx concentration of gaseous material was highest in the morning rush hours 7 to 10 o`clock. In ozone concenration, there was no difference of air quality between urban area parks and city area, while ozone concentration was the highest value in noon when UV rays were the strongest.

연마필름을 이용한 내면 수퍼피니싱 시스템 개발

신오철,정수용,정윤교 한국공작기계학회 2007 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

Recently, a damand of accuracy surface roughness about internal applied to auto-mobile, machine tool, and aerospace is increased. As a result, compared to a existing grinding system, the development of internal superfinishing system microfinishing film is expected a high efficiency for reducing time and equal surface roughness. In study, internal superfinishing system using abrasive film was developed, thus surface roughness of Ra 0.06㎛ become possible, Farther, standardization of grinding condition and selsction of abrasive film to apply real file was investigated.