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The Impact of Corporate Governance on Cash Holdings in the Context of Oman
Nizar DWAIKAT(Nizar DWAIKAT ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.1
This study investigates the impact of corporate governance (defined as companies’ ownership structure and board of directors’ characteristics) on cash holdings in the context of Oman. This study leverages a quantitative panel pooled regression on a dataset of Omani non-financial firms from 2009-2015. The findings of this study are generally in line with the predictions of Agency Theory and Mentoring and Busyness Hypotheses. The analysis demonstrates that a large stockholder size has a significant positive relationship with cash holding. Meanwhile, a positive (but insignificant) relationship was also found between institutional ownership and cash holding. Furthermore, state ownership was found to exhibit a significant negative relationship with cash holding. In terms of the board of directors’ traits, this study’s findings suggest that board sizes have a positive (but insignificant) relationship with cash holding. Furthermore, busy and independent boards were found to have a significant positive relationship with cash holding. The above findings suggest that boards with such traits are less effective in providing oversight on managers’ actions, which would then increase Omani non-financial firms’ cash holdings.
Nizar Mu’ammar Mahpoz,Norfazliana Abdullah,Mohamad Zahir Mohd Pauzi,Mukhlis A. Rahman,Khairul Hamimah Abas,Azian Abd Aziz,Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman,Juhana Jaafar,Ahmad Fauzi Ismail 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.3
This work describes the development of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) membranes on modified alumina hollow fiber for desalination by forward osmosis. Effects of different seeds (ZnO, NiO and PDA) and sodium formate on in-situ deposition of ZIF-8 were studied in relation to the membrane’s morphology and performance. XRD result shows that ZIF-8 was successfully synthesized in the presence of sodium formate. FESEM images showed PDA modified support was unsuccessful in producing well defined and dense ZIF-8 membrane layer even after another ZIF-8 re-deposition due to its minimal amount. The NiO modified support was also found unsuccessful, as ZIF-8 crystals were formed in clusters. On the contrary, dense ZIF-8 membrane was successfully prepared on ZnO modified support with SF-1 synthesis solution producing bigger ZIF-8 crystal and thinner ZIF-8 membrane than as of SF-2. Water flux performance in forward osmosis showed that NiO/ZIF-8, PDA/ZIF-8 and PDA/ZIF-8 (re-deposition) membranes gave negative water fluxes of 50 kg/m2·h, 5.2 kg/m2·h and 1.7 kg/m2·h with reverse solutes of 42.66 mol/m2·h, 27.42mol/m2·h and 3.22 mol/m2·h, respectively, indicating the solute from draw solution diffused into the feed solution. However, ZIF-8 membrane prepared using SF with molar ratio of 1, on the ZnO modified support had a water flux of 13.3 kg/m2·h, reverse solute of 0.95 kg/m2·h and salt rejection of 52.1%. When the SF ratio was increased to 2, the ZIF-8 membranes showed a water flux of 12.5 kg/m2·h, reverse solute of 1.64 kg/m2·h and salt rejection of 54.9%. The moderate salt rejection could be associated with defects in the ZIF-8 membranes due to poor grain boundaries.
NIZAR MARCUS 경북대학교 자연과학대학 수학과 2002 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.42 No.1
A pointfree version of Herrlich's κ-compact spaces is presented. We show that the classes of κ-LIndeloef frames are generated by the open-set lattices of spaces introduced by Husek to show that the categories of κ-compact spaces are all simple in the category of Hausdorff spaces. A pointfree analogue of Hong's zero dimensionally κ-compact spaces is also presented.
Nizar DWAIKAT,Abdelbaset QUEIRI,Ihab Sameer QUBBAJ 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.4
This study aims to determine the factors that affect dividends initiation by initial public offering firms in Malaysia. The ownership structure is examined from a corporate governance theoretical perspective in order to evaluate the impacts of managerial, institutional, and family ownership on the dividend’s initiation decision of IPO firms. This study employs a quantitative pooled cross-section of 372 Malaysian IPO companies active during the period of 2002–2013. The number of firms that went public each year varies, thus the pooled cross-section data takes place in this case rather than the panel data. The logistic model was employed to test the proposed hypotheses. The results revealed that the presence of institutional investors in the ownership structure make it more likely for IPO firms to initiate dividends. On the contrary, the presence of a family ownership structure in IPO companies as the controlling shareholder makes these companies less probable to initiate dividends. Managerial ownership was found to have no effect on the decision of initiating dividends by IPO firms. The findings of this study suggest that the existence of institutional and family ownerships are agency cost mitigators, as these ownership types could prompt IPOs firms to initiate dividends to overcome the agency conflicts.
Methoxyphenylcipro induces antitumor activity in human cancer cells
Nizar M. Mhaidat,Amjad M. Qandil,Qosay A. Al-Balas,Mohammad A. Hassan,Saied A. Jaradat,Ahmad M. Matalkah,Rick T. Thorne 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.8
To examine the antitumor activity of a newderivative of ciprofloxacin called methoxyphenylcipro(CMPP). Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assayand apoptotic cells and reactive oxygen species wereevaluated using flow cytometry. Results revealed thatCMPP induces antiproliferative activity against breastcancer cells and melanoma and to a lesser extent againstcolorectal cancer cells. Interestingly, compared to ciprofloxacin,CMPP-induced a selective cytotoxicity againsthuman cancer cells but not human normal fibroblasts. Thepotential of CMPP to inhibit cellular growth in MD-MB-486 breast cancer cells and MV3 melanoma cells waslargely due to induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis, asconfirmed by caspase-3 activation and cleavage of itssubstrate PARP. In addition, results indicated that CMPPinducedapoptosis is mediated by generation of reactiveoxygen species. These findings revealed that CMPP has aselective antitumor activity against cancer cells and warrantsfurther clinical evaluation.
Nizar Jamal Haddad,Noureddine ADJLANE,Deepti SAINI,Athul MENON,Venkatesh KRISHNAMURTHY,Devan JONKLAAS,J. Paul TOMKINS,Wahida LOUCIF-AYAD,Lisa HORTH 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.3
Apis mellifera intermissa is the native honey bee subspecies of Algeria, and approximates a position among bee races between tropical African and European breeds. This bee is very aggressive, nervous, and produces many broods with many queen cells. It is prone to swarming and exhibits defensive behavior and an abundant use of propolis. In the present study, pure line samples of A. m. intermissa collected from Blida (Algeria; 36°31′N, 2°58′E) with preferable Varroa resistance confirmed their through hygienic cleaning behavior and high temperature adaptation, were selected as a reference sample for full‐genome sequencing. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was also performed on the same samples to validate genomic variations. These analyses will be an important source of information for the honey bee research community worldwide. The 240‐Mb genome was annotated with 26 355 transcripts and analyzed. Analysis of 133 pathways indicated an abundance of pathways related to metabolic processes, the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and biodegradation of xenobiotics . In addition to simple sequence repeat markers, variant analysis for beneficial trait genes, transposons, and phylogeny was performed. The mitochondrial genome and genes involved in immunity and chemoreception were identified and compared with those from other sequenced insect models. The indels obtained by sequencing were validated by aCGH. The genome sequence, annotation, and analysis of A. m. intermissa provides new understanding of the function of bee genes, and comparison with the genome of other A. mellifera subspecies promises to yield insights into the evolution of the adaptations to high temperature and resistance to Varroa parasite infestation.
Diels-Alder Type Adducts from Hairy Root Cultures of Morus macroura
Nizar Happyana,Euis H. Hakim,Yana M. Syah,Oliver Kayser,Lia D. Juliawaty,Didin Mujahidin,Tri M. Ermayanti,Sjamsul A. Achmad 한국생약학회 2019 Natural Product Sciences Vol.25 No.3
Three Diels-Alder type adducts, guangsangon E (1), chalcomoracin (2) and sorocein I (3) were isolated from hairy root cultures of Morus macroura. The structures of the isolated compounds (1 - 3) were determined by spectroscopic method (NMR and MS), and spectral comparison to literature. Cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds (1 - 3) were investigated against P-388 murine leukemia cell line. Guangsangon E (1) showed the most potent cytotoxicity against P-388 murine leukemia cell line with IC50 value of 2.75 ± 0.32 µg/mL. To the best of our knowledge, guangsangon E (1) and sorocein I (3) were reported for the first time from the tissue cultures of M. macroura.
Bagadood, Nizar H.,Saigh, Budor H. International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.3
Private specialized institutions differ from public ones in that they mostly act independently. This paper reports a study designed to assess the provision of specialized institutions for children with intellectual disabilities in Saudi Arabia. The approach taken in this study was qualitative, involving a case study strategy that enabled the researcher to gain rich and in-depth information based on the shared experiences of participants comprising institution leaders, educators and families from two specific specialized settings, one public and one private. The study aimed to examine the existing disparities in service delivery so as to develop a clear picture of the service quality provided by public specialized institutions for children with intellectual disabilities in Saudi Arabia. The results suggest that the weak relationship with inpatient and specialized institutions is a consequence of the parents' poor responsiveness, which may result in these institutes developing a negative impression of the parents. Conversely, the lack of active initiative on the part of the public specialized institutions led to a negative parental attitude towards these institutions. A sensible approach to resolving this problem might be to recognize that these institutions have a significant responsibility to encourage parents of children with intellectual disabilities to become involved in their children's learning, to promote positive attitudes.