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Mohan Kumar Kalaiah,Nikhitha B Theruvan,Kaushlendra Kumar,Jayashree S Bhat 대한청각학회 2017 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.21 No.1
Background and Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of active listening and listening effort on the contralateral suppression of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (CSTEOAEs). Subjects and Methods: Twenty eight young adults participated in the study. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) were recorded using ‘linear’ clicks at 60 dB peSPL, in three contralateral noise conditions. In condition 1, TEOAEs were obtained in the presence of white noise in the contralateral ear. While, in condition 2, speech was embedded into white noise at +3, -3, and -9 dB signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) and delivered to the contralateral ear. The SNR was varied to investigate the effect of listening effort on the CSTEOAE. In condition 3, speech was played backwards and embedded into white noise at -3 dB SNR. The conditions 1 and 3 served as passive listening condition and the condition 2 served as active listening condition. In active listening condition, the participants categorized the words in to two groups (e.g., animal and vehicle). Results: CSTEOAE was found to be largest in the presence of white noise, and the amount of CSTEOAE was not significantly different between active and passive listening conditions (condition 2 and 3). Listening effort had an effect on the CSTEOAE, the amount of suppression increased with listening effort, when SNR was decreased from +3 dB to -3 dB. However, when the SNR was further reduced to -9 dB, there was no further increase in the amount of CSTEOAE, instead there was a reduction in the amount of suppression. Conclusions: The findings of the present study show that listening effort might affect CSTEOAE.
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Assessing the Performance of Pongamia pinnata (l.) Pierre under Ex-situ Condition in Karnataka
Baragur Neelappa Divakara,Chitradurga Umesh Nikhitha 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2022 Journal of Forest Science Vol.38 No.1
Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata L.) as a source of non-edible oil, is potential tree species for biodiesel production. For several reasons, both technical and economical, the potential of P. pinnata is far from being realized. The exploitation of genetic diversity for crop improvement has been the major driving force for the exploration and ex situ/in situ conservation of plant genetic resources. However, P. pinnata improvement for high oil and seed production is not achieved because of unsystematic way of tree improvement. Performance of P. pinnata planted by Karnataka Forest Department was assessed based on yield potential by collecting 157 clones out of 264 clones established by Karnataka Forest Department research wing under different research circles/ranges. It was evident that the all the seed and pod traits were significantly different. Further, selection of superior germplasm based on oil and pod/seed parameters was achieved by application of Mahalanobis statistics and Tocher’s technique. On the basis of D² values for all possible 253 pairs of populations the 157 genotypes were grouped into 28 clusters. The clustering pattern showed that geographical diversity is not necessarily related to genetic diversity. Cluster means indicated a wide range of variation for all the pod and seed traits. The best cluster having total oil content of more than 34.9% with 100 seed weight of above 125 g viz. Cluster I, II, III, IX, XV, XIX, XXI, XXIII, XXVI and XXVII were selected for clonal propagation.
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