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Neelesh Kumar Sahu,Atul B. Andhare 한국CDE학회 2019 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.6 No.1
This paper explores use of Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO), ‘JAYA’ (Sanskrit word means Victory) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) for the combined minimization of roughness of machined surface and forces generated in cutting in turning of Ti-6Al-4V. Experimentation was carried out with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the Central Composite Design (CCD). Speed of cutting (m/min), feed rate (mm/min) and depth of cut (mm) were the design variables for optimization. Two responses (roughness of machined surface and force of cutting) were independently minimized. RSM was useful in finding empirical relations and the effect of each parameter and their interactions on the responses considered. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to find out the effective and non-effective factors and correctness of the models. Later on, a multi-objective optimization function was developed for minimizing both – roughness in machined surface and force generated in cutting using weights method and the correctness of weights were confirmed by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). After formulating the combined objective function, TLBO, ‘JAYA’ and GA methods were used for further parameter optimization of the turning process. Performance of TLBO and ‘JAYA’ algorithm was compared with that of Genetic Algorithm (GA). It is found that TLBO and ‘JAYA’ performed better than GA in the combined minimization of roughness and forces in while turning Ti-6Al-4V. It is also found from the results that higher cutting speed (171.4 m/min) and lower feed rate (55.6 mm/min) can produce better surface roughness and minimum cutting forces in machining of Ti-6Al-4V.
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Neelesh Sharma,Dong Kee Jeong 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10
The demand of pharmaceutical proteins and continuously increasing worldwide, hence cost of production of these proteins is a key factor in the competitive market. Recombinant proteins have several benefits over proteins which are isolated from non-recombinant sources. There are several methods developed for expression of recombinant proteins in large scale. Among these mammalian cell culture based expression system is most used world wide followed by expression of recombinant proteins in live animal bioreactor. Although concept of generating therapeutic proteins in the mammalian cell cultures based system existed for more than two decades, it is still less efficient for producing cost effective therapeutics. One of the issues for lack of advancement in this field is exorbitant cost involved in downstream processing of the expressed proteins. This is largely due to lack of a cell culture system which may aid in high level expression of therapeutic protein followed by efficiently processing and secreation of the expressed protein in the culture. To achieve this, development of cheaper and less cumbersome procedures has become necessary. Cultivated mammalian cells have become the dominant system for the production of recombinant proteins for clinical applications because of their capacity for proper protein folding, assembly and post-translational modifications. Thus, the quality and efficacy of a protein can be superior when expressed in mammalian cells versus other hosts such as bacteria, plants and yeast. The mammary gland has generally been considered the organ of choice to express valuable recombinant proteins because milk is easily collected in large volumes and is the best available bioreactor. However, large scale production of recombinant proteins is still an art in spite of increased qualitative and quantitative demand for these proteins. Foreign proteins are commonly reported to be produced in transgenic milk at rates of several grams per liter. Researchers are constantly challenged to improve and optimize the existing expression systems, and also to develop novel approaches to face the demands of producing the complex proteins. Although concept of generating therapeutic proteins in the mammalian cell culture based system existed for more than two decades, it is still less efficient for producing cost effective therapeutics. We have established bovine mammary epithelial stem cells (bMESCs) using various markers such as Nanog, Oct4, Sox9, CK14, CK18, CSN2, CSN3 etc. Antibacterial pharmaceutical proteins were screened using various bio-informatic tools and then selected proteins such human lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and bovine lactoferricin for the transfection in cow bMESCs. We used different mammary specific vector systems as career for the transfer of targeted genes in bMECs. However, transfection in mammary epithelial/ stem cells is little difficult as compare to other cells as these cells have secretory properties. We successfully expressed both pharmaceutical proteins in the cow mammary epithelial stem cells and established the cell lines. Therefore, development of protocols and establishment of cow mammary epithelial/stem cell lines can be used for various studies and as non-GMO bioreactor for the production of pharmaceutical value proteins.
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Benet Neelesh,Krishna Rajalakshmi,Kumar Vijay 대한청각학회 2021 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.25 No.3
Background and Objectives: The influence of music training on different areas of the brain has been extensively researched, but the underlying neurobehavioral mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, the effects of training for more than three years in Carnatic music (an Indian form of music) on the discrimination ability of different areas of the brain were tested using P300 analysis at three electrode placement sites.Subjects and Methods: A total of 27 individuals, including 13 singers aged 16-30 years (mean±standard deviation, 23±3.2 years) and 14 non-singers aged 16-30 years (mean age, 24±2.9 years), participated in this study. The singers had 3-5 years of formal training experience in Carnatic music. Cortical activities in areas corresponding to attention, discrimination, and memory were tested using P300 analysis, and the tests were performed using the Intelligent Hearing System.Results: The mean P300 amplitude of the singers at the Fz electrode placement site (5.64±1.81) was significantly higher than that of the non-singers (3.85±1.60; t(25)=3.3, <i>p</i><0.05). The amplitude at the Cz electrode placement site in singers (5.90±2.18) was significantly higher than that in non-singers (3.46±1.40; t(25)=3.3, <i>p</i><0.05). The amplitude at the Pz electrode placement site in singers (4.94±1.89) was significantly higher than that in non-singers (3.57±1.50; t(25)=3.3, <i>p</i><0.05). Among singers, the mean P300 amplitude was significantly higher in the Cz site than the other placement sites, and among non-singers, the mean P300 amplitude was significantly higher in the Fz site than the other placement sites, i.e., music training facilitated enhancement of the P300 amplitude at the Cz site.Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that more than three years of training in Carnatic singing can enhance neural coding to discriminate subtle differences, leading to enhanced discrimination abilities of the brain, mainly in the generation site corresponding to Cz electrode placement.
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Dong Kee Jeong,Neelesh Sharma,Thanh Luan Nguyen,Jong Hyun Kim,Sung Jong Oh 한국수정란이식학회 2014 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.4
Phasianus colchicus is not only a beautiful bird but also a great value in science and under the threat of endanger. Hence, the aim of this study was to isolate the pheasant male germ cells (mGCs) and then induce them into elongated sperm-like cells in vitro. The mGCs were purified and enriched by a two-step plating method based on the different adherence velocities of mGCs and somatic cells. The percentage of the c-kit positive cells and c-kit negative cells examined by flow cytometry analysis (FCA) was 92.87% and 2.57%, respectively. Subsequently, the mGCs were induced for 48h in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented factors such as retinol acid, testosterone and bovine FSH, followed by 5 weeks in culture. We found that some elongated sperm-like cells appeared initially in vitro under inducement of stimulated factors. The elongated sperm-like cells showed in the expression of changed morphology and post-transcriptional marker such as spermatid associated (SPERT), spermatid perinuclear RNA binding protein (STRBP), round spermatid basic protein 1 (RSBN1) and SPER1L. Moreover, in DNA content identified assay, induced cells showed that the 1C DNA population markedly increased in differentiated group but it was not change in undifferentiated group. Successful in vitro differentiation of pheasant testicular germline cells into spermatids appears to offer extremely attractive potential for the conservation of endangered birds and treatment of male infertility.
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In-vitro meat: a promising solution for sustainability of meat sector
( Pavan Kumar ),( Neelesh Sharma ),( Shubham Sharma ),( Nitin Mehta ),( Akhilesh Kumar Verma ),( S Chemmalar ),( Awis Qurni Sazili ) 한국축산학회 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.4
The in-vitro meat is a novel concept in food biotechnology comprising field of tissue engineer ing and cellular agriculture. It involves production of edible biomass by in-vitro culture of stem cells harvested from the muscle of live animals by self-organizing or scaffolding methodology. It is considered as efficient, environmental friendly, better ensuring public safety and nutrition al security, as well as ethical way of producing meat. Source of stem cells, media ingredients, supply of large size bioreactors, skilled manpower, sanitary requirements, production of prod ucts with similar sensory and textural attributes as of conventional meat, consumer accep tance, and proper set up of regulatory framework are challenges faced in commercialization and consumer acceptance of in-vitro meat. To realize any perceivable change in various socio-economic and environmental spheres, the technology should be commercialized and should be cost-effective as conventional meat and widely accepted among consumers. The new challenges of increasing demand of meat with the increasing population could be fulfill by the establishment of in-vitro meat production at large scale and its popularization. The adoption of in-vitro meat production at an industrial scale will lead to self-sufficiency in the de veloped world.
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Sarabpreet Kour,Neelesh Sharma,Zul-I-Huma,S. Gurdeep Singh,Dong Kee Jeong 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2017 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10
Mastitis in dairy animals is a costliest disease worldwide and caused by more than 150 micro-organisms. Mastitis is defined as inflammation of mammary gland which is characterized by pathological changes in mammary gland and physical and chemical changes in milk. Cow heifers are the future milk producers of every dairy herd. Heifer mastitis is a disease that potentially threatens production and udder health in the first and subsequent lactation leading to economic losses for dairy farms. Unfortunately, most producers regard young heifers as uninfected, and the presence of mastitis is not observed until calving or until first signs of clinical mastitis in early lactation. Therefore, present study was focused to understand the distribution pattern of mastitis etiological agents in cow heifer’s with their molecular characterization. We found Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS) as chief etiological agents of heifers mastitis followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp., E. coli etc. Moelcular characterization of most prevalent bacteria was done using bacterial specific genes such as nuc gene, E. coli gene, S agl gene etc. Effective treatment of mastitis is major challenge to field veterinarians, researchers and farmers, use of traditional antibiotics have only upto 60% care rate due to various factors. Hence, we also focused to find out the alternative ways to fighting against low cure rate by developing nano-particles based approaches to improve the treatment of mastitis. We used chitosan nano-particles as vehicles for the Ciprofloxacin. Chitosan-Ciprofloxacin nano-particles were synthesized and characterized for in vitro use as antibacterial agent against mastitis origin bacteria. Present study found that Chitosan-Ciprofloxacin nano-particles had good antibacterial activity with the slow release properties.
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