Diversity, Foraging Behaviour and Foraging Efficiency of Different Pollinators Visiting Onion (Allium cepa L.) Blossoms

Neelam Chaudhary,R. C. Sihag 한국양봉학회 2003 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

A Fuzzy based Routing Protocol for Delay Tolerant Network

Neelam Malik,Shailender Gupta,Bharat Bhushan 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.8 No.1

Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) is a wireless ad hoc network that intends to provide communication between pair of nodes in spite of having intermittent connectivity and long delays. The nodes are buffer and energy constrained. To provide communication in such scenario, a sturdy routing mechanism is needed. In this paper we propose a new routing technique based on fuzzy logic for intermittently connected network. Also an effort has been made to evaluate the performance of the proposed routing strategy in realistic environment (having obstacles) in MATLAB. The simulation results show that the performance of the network is improved using fuzzy logic based routing strategy and the results of realistic environment are quite different from idealistic environment.

Performance Evaluation of Two Reactive Routing Protocols for RWP Mobility Model with Different Speed

Neelam Singh,Laxmi Shrivastava 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.8 No.5

Wireless adhoc network are self creating self organizing and self administrating. The nodes within the network are free to move thus network do not rely on the preexisting infrastructure. Due to ease in deployment of mobile adhoc network wireless network are widely used. In the wireless network topology continuously changes according to the data packets to be sent at the destination path. With this so many best results in the wireless communication in this era wireless network over took wired network. In this paper we have compared the performance of two reactive MANET routing protocols AODV and DSR by using random way point mobility model. Both share similar On-Demand behavior, but the protocol's internal mechanism leads to significant performance difference. We have analyzed the performance of protocols by network load, mobility model and type of traffic (CBR). A detailed simulation has been carried out in QUALNET 6.1. The metrics used for performance analysis are Throughput, Average end-to-end Delay and Average jitter.

Impact of Antenna model with the variation of speed for Reactive and Hybrid routing protocols in Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks

Neelam Singh,Laxmi Shrivastava 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2015 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.5 No.5

The collection of the many mobile nodes forming a short lived infrastructure with the help of any centralized administration. Since there's a random and dynamic modification in topology due to the quality of host, so the requirement for a study dynamic routing protocol is needed. Mobile ad-hoc network have the attributes like wireless affiliation, continuously dynamic topology, distributed operation and simple deployment. It establishes a short lived affiliation wherever nodes will be part of or leave the network at any time. Communication takes place by routing protocols in effective and economical manner in wireless network. Economical protocols are accustomed forward information packets while not a lot of packet loss. The target of the present paper is to boost the performance of the reactive and hybrid routing protocols with different directional antenna i.e. Omni and Pattern antenna. The performance metrics in the research paper is PDR, NRL, Throughput and Routing Overhead.

A novel mutation in RDH5 gene causes retinitis pigmentosa in consanguineous Pakistani family

Neelam Sultan,Irfan Ali,Shazia Anwer Bukhari,Shahid Mahmood Baig,Muhammad Asif,Muhammad Qasim,Muhammad Imran Naseer,Mahmood Rasool 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.5

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most frequent genetically and clinically heterogeneous inherited retinal degeneration. To date, more than 80 genes have been identified that cause autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive and X linked RP. However, locus and allelic heterogeneity of RP has not been fully captured yet. This heterogeneity and lack of an accurate genotype phenotype correlation makes molecular dissection of the disease more difficult. The present study was designed to characterize the underlying pathogenic variants of RP in Pakistan. For this purpose, a large consanguineous family with RP phenotype showing autosomal recessive mode of inheritance was selected after a complete ophthalmological examination. Next generation sequencing was used for the identification of molecular determinant followed by Sanger-sequencing for confirmation. After sequence analysis a novel homozygous missense mutation, (c.602 C > T) in exon 4 of the RDH5 gene (MIM: 601617) was identified. This mutation resulted in substitution of phenyl alanine for serine at amino acid 201 (p.Ser201Phe) of the RDH5 gene. The same mutation was not detected in the 200 ethnically-matched control samples by Sanger sequencing. The identified mutant allele segregated in homozygous fashion in all the affected individuals of pedigree. Identification of this mutation reveals the allelic heterogeneity of RDH5 in patients with RP phenotype. The findings of this study demonstrate the clinical significance of next generation sequencing to understand the molecular basis of diseases and would help to reveal new proteins and their function in visual cycle will pave the way for early diagnosis, genetic counseling and better therapeutic inventions.

Options for Enhanced Anaerobic Digestion of Waste and Biomass—a Review

Neelam Vats,Abid Ali Khan,Kafeel Ahmad 한국농업기계학회 2020 바이오시스템공학 Vol.45 No.1

Introduction Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a promising technology because it is economically feasible, environmentally friendly, and socially acceptable. Moreover, biogas generation from organic waste is considered to be the future of bio-energy. Purpose In this paper, we review the substrates available for biogas production, different methods for improvement of AD processes (two-stage anaerobic digestion and digestate recirculation) and various pre-treatment techniques used to enhance biogas generation. Method Two-stage digestion and co-digestion of two or more substrates appear to be promising techniques for enhanced anaerobic digestion. These techniques could help to maintain the nutrient balance in a system without the further addition of nutrients, in addition to enhancing biogas generation. Results Pre-treatment of various substrates is mainly used to increase the hydrolysis rate and thus enhance the efficiency of AD processes.

Anatomical study on true hermaphroditism in an Indian pig(Sus Scrofa Domesticus)

Neelam Bansal,K.S. Roy,D.K. Sharma,Rajnish Sharma 대한수의학회 2005 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.6 No.1

A pig was confirmed to be a true hermaphrodite on the basis of gross and histomorphological studies of the genital organs. The genitalia was consisted of left ovary, oviduct, two coiled uterine horns, body of uterus alongwith right testis and an epididymis. Vagina and vulva were absent but male urethra with prostate gland was present. Grossly the size of all the genital organs appeared to be normal. Histomorphologically, testis and epididymis were underdeveloped as there was no clearcut spermatogenia and sertoli cells but Leydig cells were normal. The ovary presents normal histological features with some portion of testicular tissue. Degeneration of uterine epithelium was observed along with normal endometrial glands.

Removal of aqueous arsenic (III) by graphene‑based systems at micro‑trace level

Neelam Singh,Md. Farhan Naseh,Jamilur R. Ansari,Tapan Sarkar,Anindya Datta 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.1

Adsorption of arsenic by graphene-based adsorbents is widely applied to remove arsenic from water and has become a promising technology. However, most of the reported studies were conducted at a relatively higher concentration of arsenic in As (V) oxidative form, whereas the As (III) is more difficult to remove from water and more toxic, which prompted us to conduct the study at a lower concentration of 1 ppm in As (III). A Facile and controlled synthesis of graphene-based metal/ metal oxide nanomaterials and adsorptive removal of aqueous As (III) is reported here. Adsorbents were characterized using spectroscopy (FTIR, XPS and Raman) and microscopy (TEM). The maximum uptake of arsenic obtained was 88.8% from the RGO-Fe3O4 composite among all the adsorbents. The pseudo-second-order model and Intra-particle mass transfer diffusion model were applied to determine the adsorption kinetics with varying contact time between the adsorbents and the As (III) in water to interact. Experimental results suggest that the adsorption of As (III) onto the adsorbents was a multi-step process involving external adsorption to the surface followed by diffusion to the interior. A simple spectrophotometric method also was used for the detection and quantification of As (III).

Analysis of clinical and radiological outcomes of long tibial stemmed total knee arthroplasty in knee osteoarthritis complicated by tibial stress fracture

( Neelam V. Ramana Reddy ),( Mukesh Kumar Saini ),( Pera Jayavardhan Reddy ),( Ajay Singh Thakur ),( Challa Dinesh Reddy ) 대한슬관절학회 2022 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.34 No.-

Objective: Knee arthritis associated with tibial stress fractures represents an uncommon and difficult clinical scenario to treat. The use of long, fluted tibial extension rods has been vital in the management of such cases owing to immediate fracture stability and single-stage surgery without the need to open the fracture site. This study investigates clinical and radiological outcomes following total knee arthroplasty using a tibial extension stem in cases of knee osteoarthritis with tibial stress fracture. Methods: From February 2015 to December 2020, 17 patients who had total knee arthroplasty implanted with a long stemmed tibial component were included in the study. Patient data were analyzed for knee range of motion, deformities, Knee Society score, knee function score, and time to fracture union in the pre- and postoperative periods. Results: The mean follow-up duration was 22.7 ± 11.68 months (range 12-60 months), and mean time to fracture healing was 10.23 ± 2.81 weeks (range 8-20 weeks). The preoperative mean fixed flexion deformity improved from 8.53 ± 3.43° to a mean of 0.29°, and knee flexion improved from 79.4 ± 13.90° to 125.29 ± 8.74° on postoperative assessment. The Knee Society score improved from a mean preoperative score of 18.94 ± 5.55 (range 8-28) to 89.41 ± 7.5 (range 74-102, p value < 0.001). Similarly, the knee function score improved significantly from a mean preoperative score of 15.5 ± 4.48 (range 8-26) to a mean of 85 ± 6.09 (range 72-94, p value < 0.001). Conclusion: Total knee arthroplasty using long tibial extenders has been an effective and safe surgical option for patients with advanced osteoarthritis with tibial stress fractures.

Performance Evaluation of Two Reactive Routing Protocols for RWP Mobility Model with Different Speed

Neelam Singh,Laxmi Shrivastava 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.9 No.2

Wireless adhoc network are self-creating, self-organizing and self-administrating. The nodes within the network are free to move thus network do not rely on the preexisting infrastructure. Due to ease in deployment of mobile adhoc network wireless network are widely used. In the wireless network topology continuously changes according to the data packets to be sent at the destination path. With this so many best results in the wireless communication in this era wireless network over took wired network. In this paper we have compared the performance of two reactive MANET routing protocols AODV and DSR by using random way point mobility model. Both share similar On-Demand behavior, but the protocol's internal mechanism leads to significant performance difference. We have analyzed the performance of protocols by network load, mobility model and type of traffic (CBR). A detailed simulation has been carried out in QUALNET 6.1. The metrics used for performance analysis are Throughput, Average end-to-end Delay and Average jitter.