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PHILOSOPHY OF MEDICAL EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Naughton, John 고신대학교 의학부 1985 高神大學校 醫學部 論文集 Vol.1 No.1
In this article I would like to bring to your attention where we are in the U.S. in medical education. Maybe this will give you a chance to contrast that with where you are in your own thoughts and ideas.
Bioavailability of Lycopene from Tomato Products
Shi, John,Naughton, Laura-Mac,Kakuda, Yukio,Bettger, William,Yeung, David,Jiang, Yueming The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2004 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.9 No.1
Tomatoes and tomato products are the major source of lycopene in the diet. The bioavailability of lycopene is different in raw tomatoes compared to processed tomato products. This is due to the chemical and physical properties of the different lycopene isomers. All-trans-lycopene is found in raw tomatoes and is a poor bioavailable source, whereas, processed tomato products are more bioavailable because they contain more cis-isomers. Heat and mechanical processing of tomatoes induces rupture of the cell walls, thereby releasing lycopene from its food matrix. Heat processing also induces cis-trans isomerization and disrupts protein-carotenoid complexes. Many dietary components also impact lycopene bioavailability, like the amount and type of fat present with the intake and processing of tomato products, the amount and type of fiber present, and the interaction between carotenoids. Fundamentally, anything that enhances formation and incorporation of lycopene in bile acid micelles increases bioavailability, and the opposite is true in that anything that interferes with micelle formation decreases bioavailability.
Low Levels of after School-Hours Social Interaction and Physical Activity of 5-7 Year Olds
Anita Bundy,Lina Engelen,Geraldine Naughton,Shirley Wyver 환태평양유아교육연구학회 2018 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.12 No.2
As part of a cluster randomized controlled trial (Bundy et al., 2017), the after school-hours activities of 5-7 year old children were recorded by parents and other adult carers on four consecutive weekdays between 3:30pm-7:00pm. Records of time use showed most time was spent indoors in activities involving low levels of physical activity. The most-frequently-recorded activity was screen time, accounting for approximately one quarter of all activities. Higher levels of physical activity were reported when children were outdoors (19.5% of time) and/or with peers (9.58%). If an adult was present, highest activity levels of children occurred when the child was with a teacher/carer (6.07%). Although concern is frequently raised about children spending too much time in organized activities, these structured forms of out-of-school choices accounted for only 8.09% of recordings. The results of the current study strengthen the evidence base, supporting the need to optimise out-ofschool times with more developmentally important social and physical contexts. We discuss ways in which context may support or inhibit opportunities physical activity in after school-hours activities.
Kargar, Alireza,Sun, Ke,Jing, Yi,Choi, Chulmin,Jeong, Huisu,Zhou, Yuchun,Madsen, Kristian,Naughton, Perry,Jin, Sungho,Jung, Gun Young,Wang, Deli American Chemical Society 2013 Nano letters Vol.13 No.7
<P>We report the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) branched nanowire (NW) heterostructures, consisting of periodically ordered vertical Si NW trunks and ZnO NW branches, and their application for solar water splitting. The branched NW photoelectrodes show orders of magnitudes higher photocurrent compared to the bare Si NW electrodes. More interestingly, selective photoelectrochemical cathodic or anodic behavior resulting in either solar water oxidation or reduction was achieved by tuning the doping concentration of the p-type Si NW core. Specifically, n-ZnO/p-Si branched NW array electrodes with lightly doped core show broadband absorption from UV to near IR region and photocathodic water reduction, while n-ZnO/p<SUP>+</SUP>-Si branched NW arrays show photoanodic water oxidation with photoresponse only to UV light. The photoelectrochemical stability for over 24 h under constant light illumination and fixed biasing potential was achieved by coating the branched NW array with thin layers of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> and Pt. These studies not only reveal the promise of 3D branched NW photoelectrodes for high efficiency solar energy harvesting and conversion to clean chemical fuels, but also developing understanding enabling rational design of high efficiency robust photocathodes and photoanodes from low-cost and earth-abundant materials allowing practical applications in clean renewable energy.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2013/nalefd.2013.13.issue-7/nl304539x/production/images/medium/nl-2012-04539x_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl304539x'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>