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Narinder Kumar,Bhawna Gupta 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.2
Study Design: A prospective cross-sectional study with convenience sampling approach was done to assess quality of life (QoL) in 100 soldiers and veterans affected by spinal cord injury (SCI). Purpose: SCI affects almost every aspect of the life of an affected individual. This study was done to measure the impact of SCI on QoL of affected soldiers and veterans using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Overview of Literature: The devastating effect of SCI on QoL is well known. However, this study is unique in that it includes soldiers and veterans, who constitute a large, but excluded, cohort in most demographic studies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at two SCI rehabilitation centres of the Indian armed forces. Data was collected by faceto- face interviews from 100 patients, which included both sociodemographic data as well as all the questions included in WHOQOLBREF questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Age and marital status did not have any influence on QoL. Level of injury (paraplegic or quadriplegic), level of education and presence of other medical co-morbidities had the most significant influence on QoL. Presence of other medical co-morbidities had a negative influence on QoL. Conclusions: Identification of factors having a positive and negative influence on QoL help in formulating measures and policies that positively influence the QoL following SCI in soldiers. Future longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes and assessment of additional variables in addition to WHOQOL-BREF, like presence/absence of secondary complications, are required to bring about policy changes to provide SCI patients with additional support and increased access to equipment or lifestyle interventions.
Stress relaxation and transitions in optical bandgap of yttrium doped zinc oxide (YZO) thin films
Narinder Kaur,Sanjeev K. Sharma,Deuk Young Kim 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.3
The stress relaxation and its effect on the bandgap of Y-doped ZnO (YZO) thin films were investigated by thermal annealing. YZO thin films were prepared on quartz glass by spin coating and subsequent annealed in vacuum. All the annealed YZO films showed a preferred (002) orientation. Photoluminescence (PL) provides the direct evidence of shifting the bandgap owing to stress release phenomena. The shifting in bandgap by increasing the annealing temperature can be attributed to the stress relaxation of YZO thin films. The bandgap of annealed films was initially decreased due to increase in magnitude of compressive stress and then increased as the tensile stress induced in the films. Therefore, these results may suggest the way to tune the band gap of YZO thin films by varying the residual stress through annealing.
Structural and electrical studies of template synthesized copper nanowires
Narinder Kumar,Rajesh Kumar,Sushil Kumar,S.K. Chakarvarti 한국물리학회 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.11
The template strategy combined with electrodeposition technique has been used to produce copper nanowires in the cylindrical pores of track-etched polycarbonate membranes. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and UVevisible spectroscopy have been used to characterize as-prepared copper nanowires. XRD study shows the face centered cubic crystal structure of copper nanowires. WilliamsoneHall (WH) analysis has been used to determine the crystallite size and microstrain induced due to lattice deformation. FESEM results reveal that copper nanowires are continuous, well aligned with uniform diameter and having high aspect ratio. The optical absorption spectra exhibit a strong peak at 568 nm attributed to the surface plasmon resonance. The currentevoltage (IeV) characteristics show an ohmic behavior of the fabricated copper nanowires. The increase in resistivity of nanowires than that of bulk counterpart has been attributed to the surface and size effects in nanowires and explained in the light of FuchseSondeimer and MayadaseShatzkes models.
Kaur, Narinder,Lee, Youngmin,Kim, Deuk Young,Lee, Sejoon Elsevier 2018 Materials & Design Vol.148 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Understanding of optical bandgap-tuning in terms of defect natures and their distribution in the nanocrystalline material proposes a fertile ground for the emergent optoelectronic device applications. In this contribution, nanocrystalline Y-doped ZnO (ZnO:Y) thin films with various thicknesses (50–300nm) were prepared on quartz substrates by spin-coating techniques, and their morphological, structural, and optical properties were thoroughly investigated. The surfaces of the films, consisting of uniformly-distributed nanograins, showed an improved crystallinity as the thickness of the nanocrystalline film was increased. With increasing film thickness, the optical bandgap of the nanocrystalline ZnO:Y thin film was decreased from 3.25 to 3.09eV because of the formation of the localized energy band, which arises from the charged defects at the boundaries of nano-grains. The correlations between the optical bandgap tunability and the distribution of charged defects are systematically examined, and the mechanisms of optical bandgap-tuning in nanocrystalline ZnO:Y thin films are discussed on the basis of the defect-induced localized band model.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nanocrystalline ZnO:Y films with various thicknesses were synthesized by using sol-gel and subsequent annealing processes. </LI> <LI> Thickness-dependent optical bandgap tuning was attributed to the charged defects at the boundaries of the ZnO:Y nanograins. </LI> <LI> Optical bandgap tuning in nanocrystalline ZnO:Yfilms could be explained through the defect-induced localized band model. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
SELECTION PROCEDURES TO SELECT POPULATIONS BETTER THAN A CONTROL
Kumar, Narinder,Khamnel, H.J. The Korean Statistical Society 2003 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.32 No.2
In this paper, we propose two selection procedures for selecting populations better than a control population. The bestness is defined in terms of location parameter. One of the procedures is based on two-sample linear rank statistics whereas the other one is based on a comparatively simple statistic, and is useful when testing time is expensive so that an early termination of an experiment is desirable. The proposed selection procedures are seen to be strongly monotone. Performance of the proposed procedures is assessed through simulation study.
Kaur, Narinder,Raj, Pushap,Singh, Amanpreet,Singh, Narinder,Kim, Deuk Young Elsevier 2018 Journal of molecular liquids Vol.261 No.-
<P>In this report, we introduce a simple and cost-effective hydrothermal method for the functionalization of ZnO nanorods with three different ionic liquids (ILs (1-3)) to check their sensing response with various drugs including thiabendazole, phenylbutazone, chloramphenicol, neomycin, and theophylline through fluorescence spectroscopy. The rod like-microstructure and hexagonal wurtzite structure of synthesized ZnO nanorods were examined with SEM-EDS and XRD techniques. On the other hand, ionic liquids-functionalized ZnO nanorods (ILs (1-3)/ZnO) exhibited various self-organized (layered-sheet similar to IL1, distorted nanorods similar to IL2, peanut beaded surface similar to IL3/ZnO) structures due to the intercalation of ILs on the surface of ZnO nanorods. Compared to ZnO nanorods, similar to ILs (1-3)/ZnO nanorods showed a blue shift in UV-absorption band which resulted to the variation in optical bandgap values. Ionic liquids-functionalized nanorods samples (ILs (1-3)/ZnO) have been selected for their recognition behaviour with available drug molecules using fluorescence spectroscopic technique. Interestingly, with the addition of thiabendazole drug molecules to two samples (ILs (1,3)/ZnO), a significant response corresponding to the peaks at similar to 350 nm and similar to 357 nm was observed, which led to the development of fluorescent sensors with a detection limit of 12 and 304 nM, respectively. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Kaur, Narinder,Singh, Jasminder,Raj, Pushap,Singh, Narinder,Singh, Harpreet,Sharma, Sanjeev K.,Kim, Deuk Young,Kaur, Navneet The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 New journal of chemistry Vol.40 No.2
<P>ZnO nanoparticles decorated with organic receptor 1 (R1) have been prepared and the resultant compound (N1) was investigated for its metal recognition ability. N1 was found to be selective for mercury ions (Hg2+) in a DMSO/water mixture in a ratio of 7 : 3 and possessed no interference from any of the potential interferent metal ions. The crystal size and morphology of ZnO is characterized using various spectroscopic and diffraction techniques like scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), etc. Surface decoration of the ZnO with receptor 1 is confirmed using NMR spectroscopy. On successive additions of Hg2+ ions, the fluoresence intensity of the compound was quenched at 427 nm with enhancement of the peak at 482 nm, which led to ratiometric sensor development for the recognition of mercury ions having a detection limit of 0.19 nM. The prepared receptor was also tested for real sample application by preparing a known concentration of Hg2+ solution and it was found to respond well with an accuracy more than 90%.</P>