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Poor Knowledge of Colorectal Cancer in Brunei Darussalam
Chong, Vui Heng,Lim, Ai Giok,Baharudin, Hana Naqiyah,Tan, Jackson,Chong, Chee Fui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.9
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal cancer and the incidence is increasing in many developing countries. While it can be detected early and even prevented through screening and removal of premalignant lesions, there are barriers to screening which include low level of knowledge and awareness of CRC. This study assessed the level of knowledge of CRC in Brunei Darussalam. Materials and Methods: A total of 431 (262 male and 161 female) subjects participated in this questionnaire study. Subjects were scored on their knowledge of signs/symptoms (maximum 10 correct answers) and known risk factors for CRC (maximum 10 correct answers) and were categorised into poor (0-2), moderate (3-4) and satisfactory (5-10). Comparisons were made between the various patient factors. Results: Overall, 54.1% could not name any CRC signs/symptoms or associated risk factors. Most were not aware of any screening modalities. The overall scores for CRC signs/symptoms and risk factors were $1.3{\pm}1.39$ (range 0-6) and $0.6{\pm}1.05$ (range 0-5) respectively. Overall, the breakdown of scores was: poor (78.1%), moderate (20.3%) and satisfactory (6.2%) for signs/symptoms and poor (93.2%), moderate (6.2%) and satisfactory (0.7%) for risk factors. Higher level of education, female gender and non-Malay race were associated with higher scores for both signs/symptoms and knowledge of screening modality; however the overall scores were low. Conclusions: Our study showed that the general knowledge of CRC in Brunei Darussalam is poor. Being female, with higher levels of education and non-Malay race were associated with higher scores, but they were still generally poor. More needs to be done to increase the public knowledge and awareness of CRC.
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Nurdin Muhammad,Watoni Abdul Haris,Natsir Muhammad,Rahmatilah Sarifa,Maulidiyah Maulidiyah,Wibowo Dwiprayogo,Salim La Ode Agus,Sadikin Siti Naqiyah,Bijang Catherina Manukpadang,Umar Akrajas Ali 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.9
The modification of ternary metal oxide to improve the photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) properties of TiO2 photocatalyst is a hot issue in environmental and resource applications. Herein, we present a novel photoelectrocatalytst of Se doped-TiO2/Ti nanotube arrays (Se@TiO2/Ti-NTAs) for high-efficiency degradation of diazinon pesticide. The Se@TiO2/Ti-NTAs were prepared to treat the TiO2-NTAs in Se-TiO2 sol-gel for 10 min, which was followed by calcination in air at 200 °C for 1 h. Optical absorption spectroscopy of the Se@TiO2/Ti-NTAs indicated that there is a red-shift in the optical energy gap to 2.95 eV if compared to the pristine TiO2/Ti NTAs, which suggests that the new photoelectrocatalyst is photoactive under visible light irradiation. We evaluated the photoactivity of the sample by using it as the photoelectrocatalyst in the degradation of diazinon pesticides under the PEC process. The results showed that the Se@TiO2/Ti-NTAs can degrade 95.62% for 1 h under visible light irradiation, which is equivalent to the degradation rate constant of 0.0183 s−1. For comparison, the pristine TiO2/Ti NTAs only degrades the diazinon as high as 87.65%, even then under UV light irradiation. Our result also indicated that the Se@TiO2/Ti-NTAs promote active photoelectron transfer and active radical formation, such as •OH and •O − 2 , for rapid diazinon pesticide degradation. The Se@TiO2/Ti-NTAs photoelectrode should be a potential platform for environmental pollution treatment.
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