A bZIP transcription factor, LrbZIP1, is involved in Lilium regale Wilson defense responses against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lilii

Nannan Zhang,Diqiu Liu,Wei Zheng,Hua He,Bo Ji,Qing Han,Feng Ge,Chaoyin Chen 한국유전학회 2014 Genes & Genomics Vol.36 No.6

The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins areubiquitous in plants and play important roles in plantdefense responses. In this study, based on an expressedsequence tag from a suppression subtractive hybridizationcDNA library of Lilium regale Wilson during Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. lilii infection, a novel bZIP transcriptionfactor gene LrbZIP1 was isolated from L. regale root usingthe rapid amplification of cDNA ends method. The predictedprotein of LrbZIP1 with 142 amino acid residuescontains a basic domain signature and a leucine zippermotif. The quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRTPCR)analysis showed that the transcription level of Lrb-ZIP1 was higher in roots of L. regale than in young stemsand leaves. Moreover, the expression of LrbZIP1 was upregulatedin the incompatible interaction between L. regaleand F. oxysporum f. sp. lilii as well as after treatments withstress-related signaling molecules. To verify the function ofLrbZIP1, a constitutive expression vector of LrbZIP1 wasconstructed and transferred into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacumL. cv Xanthi). The results of Southern blotting andqRT-PCR analyses demonstrated that the LrbZIP1 wasintegrated into genome of the tobacco transformants andhighly expressed. Under normal conditions, the T1 transgenictobacco lines showed higher antioxidant enzymeactivities and transcription levels of several resistancerelatedgenes than the wild type. Moreover, the T1 transgenictobacco plants showed strong resistance to F. oxysporumf. sp. lilii infection.

Papain Induced Occupational Asthma with Kiwi and Fig Allergy

Nannan Jiang,Jia Yin,Liping Wen 대한천식알레르기학회 2016 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.8 No.2

Papain is a proteolytic enzyme which is widely used in food industry, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Occupational and non-occupational papain allergies have previously been documented; however, there are limited publications about papain allergy with its relative fruit allergy. Here, we present a case of occupational, IgE-mediated papain allergy with kiwi fruit and fig fruit allergy. A 53-year-old man suffered from rhinitis for several years, with the onset of his symptoms coinciding with the time he started to work at a sausage processing plant where papain is often used as a meat tenderizer. He began to experience symptoms of chest tightness, shortness of breath and wheezing shortly after starting work 5 years ago. Furthermore, he experienced several episodes of oral itching, and tongue and oropharyngeal angioedema after injestion of kiwi fruit and fig fruit. The patient had a lifelong history of allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, and childhood asthma. Specific IgE was positive to kiwi fruit, papain and chymopapain (2.95 kUA/L, >100 kUA/L, and 95.0 kUA/L, respectively). Similar bands at 10-15 kDa in blotting with papain and kiwi fruit extracts were found. This patient showed a potential association between papain allergy and sensitization to kiwi fruit. We also reviewed 13 patients with papain allergy published in the literature, with 85% (11/13) of the patients sensitized through the respiratory tract, and 40% (4/11) having atopy. Further studies should focus on the determination of cross-reactive allergens between papain and its fruit relatives, and the prevalence of food allergy in patients with papain allergy should be investigated in a relatively large cohort.

Study of the Effective Field Emitting Angle for an Individual Carbon Nanotube

Nannan Li,Zhe Wu,Jianlong Liu,Hai Zhang,Jing Guo,Baoqing Zeng 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.63 No.6

In this work, the effective field emitting angle θeff is introduced for a carbon nanotube (CNT)to relate the spatial variation of the current density along the tip’s surface to the emission current. The emission current can now be calculated by using I = 2π(1-cosθeff )r2J(0), where J(0) is theemission current density at the apex and r is the radius of curvature of the tips. Analytical resultsshow that θeff depends on the macroscopic field E0, the aspect ratio h/r and the normalized fielddistribution on the tip’s surface E(θ)/E(0). Simulation results show that E(θ)/E(0) converges withincreasing h/r and can be fitted by using a formula when h/r > 500. Finally, a fit function for θeff is obtained for h/r > 500 and E0 in the range of 1 - 25 V/µm.

"We vs. wo men" A Corpus-based and Bayesian Approach to Joint Modelling the Use of First-Person Plural Pronouns in Conference Interpreting

Nannan Liu 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 2019 한국외국어대학교 통번역연구소 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.07

Truly sustainable or not? An exploratory assessment of sustainability capability of textile and apparel corporations in China from the moral responsibility perspective

Nannan Yang,Jung E. Ha‑Brookshire 한국의류학회 2019 Fashion and Textiles Vol.6 No.1

Within the moral responsibility theory of corporate sustainability (MRCS) framework (Ha-Brookshire in J Bus Ethics, 2015. https ://doi.org/10.1007/s1055 1-015-2847-2), the study examined 86 sustainability reports from top performing textile and apparel companies in China to explore their perceptions and sustainability capability implications. Content analysis of their sustainability reports was conducted to analyze whether each company (a) perceives sustainability as a perfect duty or not, (b) has clear goals toward sustainability or not, and (c) has well-defined structures toward sustainability goals or not. Results show that 66 of the 86 reports described sustainability as a perfect duty to fulfill; 11 described as an imperfect duty, and 9 described no opinions about sustainability. Of the 66 reports, 19 explicitly showed clear goals and the evidence of organizational structures toward such goals, leading us to categorize them as truly sustainable corporations as Ha-Brookshire (2015) described. Of the 66, 43 lacked clear sustainability goals, leading us to categorize them as occasionally sustainable corporations as described by Ha-Brookshire (2015). Other firms were also categorized within the MRCS framework. Findings show a spectrum of Chinese textile and apparel companies’ sustainability capability from the moral responsibility perspective.

Facile hydrothermal synthesis of ultrahigh-aspect-ratio V2O5 nanowires for high-performance supercapacitors

Nannan Wang,Yifu Zhang,Tao Hu,Yunfeng Zhao,Changgong Meng 한국물리학회 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.4

Ultrahigh-aspect-ratio V2O5 nanowires were successfully prepared using [VO(O2)2(OH2)]- as the starting material by a template-free hydrothermal route without the addition of organic surfactant or inorganic ions. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD). The results revealed that the peroxovanadium (V) complexes can be easily transformed to V2O5 nanowires by this hydrothermal route. The uniform nanowires were with width about 50 nm and length about dozens of micron. The BET analysis showed the V2O5 nanowires had a high specific surface area of 25.6 m2 g-1. The synthesized V2O5 nanowires performed a high capacitance of 351 F g-1 when used as supercapacitor electrode in 1 mol L-1 LiNO3.

Characteristics of Anaphylaxis in 907 Chinese Patients Referred to a Tertiary Allergy Center: A Retrospective Study of 1,952 Episodes

Nannan Jiang,Jia Yin,Liping Wen,Hong Li 대한천식알레르기학회 2016 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.8 No.4

Purpose: Comprehensive evaluation of anaphylaxis in China is currently lacking. In this study, we characterized the clinical profiles, anaphylactic triggers, and emergency treatment in pediatric and adult patients. Methods: Outpatients diagnosed with “anaphylaxis” or “severe allergic reactions” in the Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: A total of 1,952 episodes of anaphylaxis in 907 patients were analyzed (78% were adults and 22% were children). Foods are the most common cause (77%), followed by idiopathic etiologies (15%), medications (7%) and insects (0.6%). In food-induced anaphylaxis, 62% (13/21) of anaphylaxis in infants and young children (0-3 years of age) were triggered by milk, 59% (36/61) of anaphylaxis in children (4-9 years of age) were triggered by fruits/vegetables, while wheat was the cause of anaphylaxis in 20% (56/282) of teenagers (10-17 years of age) and 42% (429/1,016) in adults (18-50 years of age). Mugwort pollen sensitization was common in patients with anaphylaxis induced by spices, fruits/vegetables, legume/peanuts, and tree nuts/seeds, with the prevalence rates of 75%, 67%, 61%, and 51%, respectively. Thirty-six percent of drug-induced anaphylaxis was attributed to traditional Chinese Medicine. For patients receiving emergency care, only 25% of patients received epinephrine. Conclusions: The present study showed that anaphylaxis appeared to occur more often in adults than in infants and children, which were in contrast to those found in other countries. In particular, wheat allergens played a prominent role in triggering food-induced anaphylaxis, followed by fruits/vegetables. Traditional Chinese medicine was a cause of drug-induced anaphylaxis. Furthermore, exercise was the most common factor aggravating anaphylaxis. Education regarding the more aggressive use of epinephrine in the emergency setting is clearly needed.

Study of the Electric Field Screening Effect for Field Emitter Arrays

Nannan Li,Fei Yan,Shucai Pang,Lei Chen,Dazhi Jin,Wei Xiang,De Zhang,Jingyi Dai,Baoqing Zeng 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.8

Understanding the influence of the interaction of emitters on the field emission performance of a field emitter array is of great importance for the design of a multi-emitter device. In this work, a screening factor S is defined to quantify the effect of electric field screening due to the interaction of emitters in an array. A three-dimensional finite integration technique is used to study the electric field screening effect for Spindt-type field emitter arrays which have potential applications in flatscreen displays and high-power vacuum electronics. The dependences of the electric field screening on the tip-to-tip spacing, half-angle of the emitter, height of the emitter and radius of the tip’s curvature are analyzed. The effects of the variations in the size of the emitter’s geometry on the most efficient arrangement to achieve maximum emission efficiency in an array are discussed.

Hybrid S-ALOHA/TDMA Protocol for LTE/LTE-A Networks with Coexistence of H2H and M2M Traffic

( Nannan Sui ),( Cong Wang ),( Wei Xie ),( Youyun Xu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.2

The machine-to-machine (M2M) communication is featured by tremendous number of devices, small data transmission, and large uplink to downlink traffic ratio. The massive access requests generated by M2M devices would result in the current medium access control (MAC) protocol in LTE/LTE-A networks suffering from physical random access channel (PRACH) overload, high signaling overhead, and resource underutilization. As such, fairness should be carefully considered when M2M traffic coexists with human-to-human (H2H) traffic. To tackle these problems, we propose an adaptive Slotted ALOHA (S-ALOHA) and time division multiple access (TDMA) hybrid protocol. In particular, the proposed hybrid protocol divides the reserved uplink resource blocks (RBs) in a transmission cycle into the S-ALOHA part for M2M traffic with small-size packets and the TDMA part for H2H traffic with large-size packets. Adaptive resource allocation and access class barring (ACB) are exploited and optimized to maximize the channel utility with fairness constraint. Moreover, an upper performance bound for the proposed hybrid protocol is provided by performing the system equilibrium analysis. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with pure S-ALOHA and pure TDMA protocol under a target fairness constraint of 0.9, our proposed hybrid protocol can improve the capacity by at least 9.44% when λ₁:λ ₂=1:1 and by at least 20.53% when λ₁: λ₂=10:1, where λ₁:λ₂ are traffic arrival rates of M2M and H2H traffic, respectively.

Developing a High-Strength Al–Mg–Si Alloy with Improved Electrical Conductivity by a Novel ECAP Route

Nannan Zhao,Chunyan Ban 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.10

This paper investigated the microstructure, tensile and electrical properties of an equal channel angular pressed 6063 Al alloyat temperatures ranging from room temperature (RT) to 300 ℃. Additionally, a two-step temperature schedule (TST) wasapplied to improve the combined property of the low-alloyed Al–Mg–Si alloy. The results suggested that only processing atRT and TST led to a reduction of the grain size and an increase of strength with increasing number of passes, whereas fourpassprocessing at TST condition produced a better grain refinement and higher strength compared to the RT counterpart. Detailed analysis reveals that apart from the grain refinement, high-density dislocations and formation of nanoscale precipitatesplay the dominant roles in strengthening. These microstructural features provide the four-pass TST sample exceptionalincrease in strength about 67 MPa compared to RT counterpart. Besides, precipitation of solutes in form of numerousnanoscale precipitates can purify the Al matrix in the TST samples, resulting in the improved electrical conductivity ascompared to RT sample. The TST method as a new strategy can improve strength and electrical conductivity by controllingthe nanosized precipitates in an ultrafine-grained structure, which indeed provides an opportunity for low-alloyed Al–Mg–Sialloys to obtain the better combination properties.