Saudi Cotton Fabrics Treated with Chitosan and Different Concentrations of ZnO Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization, and Demonstration

Najlaa D. Alharbi,Hanan H. Amer,Nabawia A. El‑Zaher,Osiris W. Guirguis 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.2

In this paper, treated Saudi cotton fabrics were prepared by dipping them in chitosan and chitosan/ZnO-NPs solutions offour different concentrations (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt% ZnO-NPs). The chemical compositions, optical properties, mechanicalcharacteristics, and air permeability of the prepared fabrics after immersion were investigated. The tristimulus valuesof the CIE, color parameters, extinction coefficient, and color strength were evaluated using reflectance spectra recorded inthe visible region. Untreated fabric and treated cotton fabrics (CF/Ch/ZnO-NPs) were assessed with regard to washability,acidic perspiration, and alkaline perspiration. Differences in the ratio of distinct bands can be seen in the FTIR spectroscopydata, indicating that the intensity of the O–H band is decreasing. Differences in the ratio of the distinct bands can be seen inthe FTIR spectroscopy data, indicating that the O–H band’s intensity is decreasing. The photon energy dependence of theabsorption coefficient revealed that optical transmission is allowed and direct. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) wasdetermined using color strength analysis, and the results showed that the treated cotton fabrics provide good-to-very goodUV protection. The fabrics were also very durable when it came to multiple washes. The mechanical characteristics and airpermeability data show a relationship between the presence of chitosan and the quantities of ZnO-NPs, as well as interactionsbetween them and the fabric network. This is the first study to try and improve the characteristics of Saudi cotton fabrics, sothat they can be used in a variety of industrial and medicinal applications.

Prevalence of considering revision rhinoplasty in Saudi patients and its associated factors

Alsubeeh, Najlaa Abdulrahman,AlSaqr, Mayar Abdulsalam,Alkarzae, Mohammed,Aldosari, Badi Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2019 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.41 No.-

Background: Primary rhinoplasty outcomes may not meet individual expectations. Consequently, reoperation may be advocated to improve results. This study examines the prevalence of individuals considering revision rhinoplasty, while identifying the main cosmetic and functional complaints and factors associated. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Saudi Arabia using a self-reported online questionnaire distributed through social media channels. The sample included 1370 participants who were all Saudi nationals over the age of 16 who had undergone primary rhinoplasty at least 1 year prior. Results: The prevalence of individuals considering revision rhinoplasty was 44.7%. The primary reason for considering it was the desire for further esthetic improvement in an already acceptable result (50.16%). The most common cosmetic complaints subjectively reported were poorly defined nasal tip (32.35%). The most prevalent nasal function symptom was nasal obstruction (56.9%). Significant factors associated with considering revision rhinoplasty included the physician not understanding the patient's complaints, short consultation time, low monthly income, inadequate information about the expected results, not using computer imaging to predict outcomes, lack of rapport with the surgeon, and inadequate information about the risks and complications. Conclusions: A thorough understanding of patient concerns and expectations, as well as thoughtful consideration of risk factors, may help surgeons achieve more successful outcomes and potentially reduce the incidence of revision rhinoplasties. Level of evidence: III.

Tumor Segmentation in Multimodal Brain MRI Using Deep Learning Approaches

Al Shehri, Waleed,Jannah, Najlaa International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.8

A brain tumor forms when some tissue becomes old or damaged but does not die when it must, preventing new tissue from being born. Manually finding such masses in the brain by analyzing MRI images is challenging and time-consuming for experts. In this study, our main objective is to detect the brain's tumorous part, allowing rapid diagnosis to treat the primary disease instantly. With image processing techniques and deep learning prediction algorithms, our research makes a system capable of finding a tumor in MRI images of a brain automatically and accurately. Our tumor segmentation adopts the U-Net deep learning segmentation on the standard MICCAI BRATS 2018 dataset, which has MRI images with different modalities. The proposed approach was evaluated and achieved Dice Coefficients of 0.9795, 0.9855, 0.9793, and 0.9950 across several test datasets. These results show that the proposed system achieves excellent segmentation of tumors in MRIs using deep learning techniques such as the U-Net algorithm.

Computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children: A review of clinical considerations

Baghlaf, Khlood,Elashiry, Eman,Alamoudi, Najlaa The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2018 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.18 No.4

Pain control by means of local anesthesia is an intrinsic part of clinical practice in dentistry. Several studies evaluated intraligamental anesthesia using a computer-controlled anesthetic device in children. There is a need to provide a clinical guide for the use of computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children. Intraligamental anesthesia using a computer-controlled anesthetic device was found to cause significantly lower pain perception scores and lower pain-related behavior than traditional techniques. This device proven to be effective in restorative and pulp treatment in children; however, its effectiveness in primary teeth extraction is controversial. It is important to withdraw recommendations necessity of future studies concerning the side effects of computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children. The present study aims to review different clinical aspects of computerized intraligamental anesthesia in children along with the side-effects, type of local anesthesia and postoperative pain of this technique. This study provides dentists with a clinical guide for the use of computerized intraligamental anesthesia.

Dental Panoramic Radiographic Indices as a Predictor of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Saudi Women

Ayman Zaky Elsamanoudy,Madiha Mahmoud Gomaa,Rabab Mohammed Feteih,Najlaa Mohammed AlAmoudi,Ayman Zaky Elsamanoudy,Mohammed Ahmed Hassanien,Mohammed-Salleh M. Ardawi 대한골대사학회 2018 대한골대사학회지 Vol.25 No.3

Background: Many oral presentations of osteoporosis-a bone metabolic disease-were recorded. Thus, we aimed to assess panoramic radiomorphometric indices with bone mineral density (BMD) values among Saudi postmenopausal women and its importance in the prediction of osteoporosis. Methods: A total of 431 Saudi women were enrolled in this study. Panoramic radiographs were obtained at the time of BMD measurement. Subjects were fatherly classified into; normal BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25[OH]D) and intact-parathyroid hormone were measured. Moreover, serum creatinine, calcium, and phosphate, together with serum osteocalcin (s-OC), procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (s-PINP) and cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (s-CTX) were measured. Receiver-operator curve (ROC) curve analysis for use of mandibular cortical width (MCW), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), and maxillary-mandibular ratio (M/M ratio) to differentiate women with osteoporosis or osteopenia from normal subjects was calculated. Cut off values of 4.6 at T score <-1 and 4.1 at T score ≤-2.5 were used. Results: Body mass index is significantly low in the osteoporotic group. There is no significant difference in serum levels of LH, E2, calcium, phosphate, and 25(OH)D between the studied groups. Moreover, s-OC, C-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I, s-PINP, s-CTX, and urinary-CTX are significantly higher in osteoporosis than normal and osteopenia groups. ROC curve analysis revealed that MCW and PMI showed significant data while M/M ratio is non-significant. Conclusions: It could be concluded that MCW as an important panoramic radiographic parameter can be used for prediction and diagnosis of osteoporosis in postmenopausal Saudi women with low BMD.

17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate for the prevention of recurrent preterm birth among singleton pregnant women with a prior history of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of six randomized controlled trials

( Saeed Baradwan ),( Sahar Hassan Abdulghani ),( Mohammed Abuzaid ),( Khalid Khadawardi ),( Majed Saeed Alshahrani ),( Abdulrahman Al-matary ),( May A. Alrasheed ),( Najlaa Talat Miski ),( Aroob Abdul 대한산부인과학회 2021 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.64 No.6

To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the clinical benefits of 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17OHPC) in the prevention of recurrent preterm birth (PTB) among singleton pregnant women with a previous history of PTB. We searched four major databases up till April 2021 and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. We meta-analyzed various maternal-neonatal endpoints (n=18) and pooled them as mean difference or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random-effects model. Six RCTs met the inclusion criteria, comprising 2,573 patients (17OHPC=1,617, control=956). RCTs revealed an overall low risk of bias. The rates of PTB <35 weeks (n=5 RCTs; RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63-0.93; P=0.008), PTB <32 weeks (n=3 RCTs; RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.91; P=0.009), neonates with low birth weight (<2.5 kg) at delivery (n=3 RCTs; RR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.5-0.79; P<0.001), and neonatal death (n=4 RCTs; RR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.20-0.84; P=0.02) were significantly reduced in the 17OHPC group compared with the control group. Moreover, 17OHPC treatment correlated with a significantly decreased rate of retinopathy (n=2 RCTs; RR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.18-0.97; P=0.004). However, there were no significant differences in the rates of neonatal intensive care unit admission, cesarean delivery, and other pretermrelated complications between both the groups. Among singleton pregnant women with a prior history of PTB, 17OHPC may favorably decrease the risks of recurrent PTB and reduce the rate of neonatal death.