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Nagappan, Saravanan,Park, Sung Soo,Kim, Bo Kyung,Yoo, Dae-Geon,Jo, Nam-Ju,Lee, Won-Ki,Ha, Chang-Sik The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 New Journal of Chemistry Vol.42 No.12
<P>Herein, we propose a facile method for the synthesis of functionalised mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) <I>via</I> the polymerisation of <I>N</I>-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) monomer with vinyl functional mesoporous silica nanoparticles (VMSN). The structural and functional properties of the materials are analysed using various characterisation techniques. Additionally, a transparent hydrophobic glass substrate is fabricated by dispersing a certain amount of the synthesised nanoparticles in ethyl acetate (EA) followed by spin-coating on a glass substrate and drying overnight at 80 °C. In summary, the functionalised mesoporous materials can be used for multiple applications such as the preparation of stable hydrophobic, transparent, and temperature-sensitive surfaces, as well as for the adsorption of Rhodamine B dye.</P>
Nagappan, S.,Ha, C.S. IPC Science and Technology Press 2017 Polymer Vol.116 No.-
Superhydrophobic mesoporous hybrid materials were synthesised by the in-situ self-hydroxylation and condensation of polymethylhydrosiloxane in ethanol and sodium hydroxide solutions in the presence of a cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant and graphene oxide (GO). The samples were analysed by a range of characterisation techniques, such as Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, <SUP>29</SUP>Si cross polarisation magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, surface area analysis, high resolution scanning electron microscopy, and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The superhydrophobic hybrid powder was used for the detection and separation of chloroform in water from water/chloroform mixtures.
Nagappan, Arulkumar,Karunanithi, Nithya,Sentrayaperumal, Sundareswaran,Park, Kwang-Ii,Park, Hyeon-Soo,Lee, Do Hoon,Kang, Sang-Rim,Kim, Jin-A,Senthil, Kalaiselvi,Natesan, Senthil,Muthurajan, Raveendran Institute for Advanced Research in Asian Science a 2012 The American journal of Chinese medicine Vol.40 No.1
<P>Ginsenosides and withanolides are the secondary metabolites from Panax ginseng and Withania somnifera, respectively. These compounds have similar biological properties. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis was utilized to reveal the protein profile in the roots of both plants, with the aim of clarifying similarly- and differentially-expressed proteins. Total proteins of Korea ginseng (P. ginseng) and Indian ginseng (W. somnifera) roots were separated by 2-DE using a pH 4-7 immobilized pH gradient strip in the first dimension and 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the second dimension. The protein spots were visualized by silver staining. Twenty-one P. ginseng proteins and 35 W. somnifera proteins were chosen for identification by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry; of these, functions were ascribed to 14 and 22 of the P. ginseng and W. somnifera proteins, respectively. Functions mainly included general cell metabolism, defense and secondary metabolism. ATPase and alcohol dehydrogenase proteins were expressed in both plants. The results of this study, to our knowledge, are the first to provide a reference 2-DE map for the W. somnifera root proteome, and will aid in the understanding of the expression and functions of proteins in the roots of Korean ginseng and Indian ginseng.</P>
Nagappan, Arulkumar,Jung, Dae Young,Kim, Ji-Hyun,Lee, Hoyoung,Jung, Myeong Ho MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.9
<P>Gomisin N (GN), a lignan derived from <I>Schisandra chinensis</I>, has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of GN against ethanol-induced liver injury using in vivo and in vitro experiments. Histopathological examination revealed that GN administration to chronic-binge ethanol exposure mice significantly reduced ethanol-induced hepatic steatosis through reducing lipogenesis gene expression and increasing fatty acid oxidation gene expression, and prevented liver injury by lowering the serum levels of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase. Further, it significantly inhibited cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) gene expression and enzyme activity, and enhanced antioxidant genes and glutathione level in hepatic tissues, which led to decreased hepatic malondialdehyde levels. It also lowered inflammation gene expression. Finally, GN administration promoted hepatic sirtuin1 (SIRT1)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling in ethanol-fed mice. Consistent with in vivo data, treatment with GN decreased lipogenesis gene expression and increased fatty acid oxidation gene expression in ethanol-treated HepG2 cells, thereby preventing ethanol-induced triglyceride accumulation. Furthermore, it inhibited reactive oxygen species generation by downregulating CYP2E1 and upregulating antioxidant gene expression, and suppressed inflammatory gene expression. Moreover, GN prevented ethanol-mediated reduction in SIRT1 and phosphorylated AMPK. These findings indicate that GN has therapeutic potential against alcoholic liver disease through inhibiting hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress and inflammation.</P>
Recent Advances in Superhydrophobic Nanomaterials and Nanoscale Systems
Nagappan, S.,Park, S.S.,Ha, C.-S. American Scientific Publishers 2014 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.14 No.2
This review describes the recent advances in the field of superhydrophobic nanomaterials and nanoscale systems. The term superhydrophobic is defined from the surface properties when the surface shows the contact angle (CA) higher than 150 degrees. This could be well known from the lotus effect due to the non-stick and self-cleaning properties of the lotus leaf (LL). We briefly introduced the methods of preparing superhydrophobic surfaces using top-down approaches, bottom-up approaches and a combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches and various ways to prepare superhydrophobic nanomaterials and nanoscale systems using the bio-inspired materials, polymer nanocomposites, metal nanoparticles graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). We also pointed out the recent applications of the superhydrophobic nanomaterials and nanoscale systems in oil-spill capture and separations, self-cleaning and self-healing systems, bio-medicals, anti-icing and anti-corrosive, electronics, catalysis, textile fabrics and papers etc. The review also highlights the visionary outlook for the future development and use of the superhydrophobic nanomaterials and nanoscale systems for a wide variety of applications.
Anti-cancer and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Korean Citrus Fruits (Citrus aurantium L.)
Nagappan, Arulkumar,Park, Hyeon-Soo,Hong, Gyeong-Eun,Yumnam, Silvia,Lee, Ho-Jeong,Kim, Douk-Hoon,Kim, Eun-Hee,Kim, Gon-Sup The Korean Society of Clinical Health Science 2014 한국임상보건과학회지 Vol.2 No.1
Purpose. Citrus aurantium L.(familyRutaceae), alsoknownasbitter orange, have been used as traditional herbal medicine in many Asian countries since ancient times. Hence, the purpose of the study was to briefly discuss the new findings about anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of Citrus aurantium L in-vitro. Methods. The articles for this study were collected from pubmed and scopus electronic resources. Results. Citrus aurantium L contains an abundant Flavonoids, including hesperidin, naringin and nobiletin. These Flavonoids has reported to have various medicinal benefits that include antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-diabetic activities, and also used to treat cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion. Based on the above evidence, we propose that Flavonoids from Korea Citrus aurantium L would be a therapeutic potential for cancer treatment and pharmacological benefit for inhibiting the inflammatory effect.
Superhydrophobic mesoporous material as a pH-sensitive organic dye adsorbent
Nagappan, S.,Lee, D.B.,Seo, D.J.,Park, S.S.,Ha, C.S. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2015 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.22 No.-
A superhydrophobic material was synthesized using a one-pot approach via the self-hydrolysis and condensation of polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) under a base catalyst in ethanol and water media. The obtained superhydrophobic polymethylhydroxysiloxane (PMHOS) material was stable up to temperatures as high as 500<SUP>o</SUP>C, even under strong acidic and basic pH conditions. The micro-nano particles of PMHOS exhibited a hierarchical morphology with a mesoporous structure. The superhydrophobic PMHOS, however, become superhydrophilic by calcination at 600<SUP>o</SUP>C. The superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic PMHOS exhibited a good ability to adsorb organic dyes at a certain pH (pH 12).