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Thermoluminescence characteristics of CaS doped with rare earth ions Ce and Sm
Geeta Sharma,S.P. Lochab,Nafa Singh 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3
CaS:Ce, Sm nanophosphors have been synthesized using solid state diffusion method with an aim to study the thermoluminescence characteristics of CaS:Ce,Sm system with varying concentrations of cerium and smarium in CaS host. The structural characterization of nanophosphors was done using XRD and TEM spectroscopy. We have investigated the effect of different concentrations of cerium and smarium in CaS host on the TL intensity. TL intensity is found to be maximum for CaS:Ce_0.4Sm_0.6. The effect of different heating rates on the TL glow curves recorded after a UV exposure of 560 mJ/cm^2 has been investigated. Peak of the TL glow curve shifts toward higher temperature as the heating rate increases and the TL intensity decreases. Effect of different doses of UV on the TL glow curve of CaS:Ce_0.4Sm_0.6 at a heating rate of 10 K/s has been studied and all the glow curves show a single peak around 440 K. With increasing dose the TL intensity increases linearly upto 560 mJ/cm^2 of the dose and afterward saturation region is obtained upto 13.5 J/cm^2. Beyond it a fall is recorded upto 80 J/cm^2 of the exposure. Analysis of the TL glow curve and calculation of the trapping parameters has been done with the help of Glow curve deconvolution software.
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The clinical pattern of intentional injuries at a primary Saudi Arabian trauma center
( Bader Hamza Shirah ),( Hamza Asaad Shirah ),( Ibrahim Abdulaziz Zabeery ),( Osama Abdulqader Sogair ),( Ahmed Medawi Alahmari ),( Wael Awad Alhaidari ),( Maher Hamdan Alamri ),( Waal Nafa Aljabri ) 대한외상학회 2022 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.35 No.2
Purpose: The term “intentional injuries” refers to a spectrum of injuries resulting from self-inflicted injuries, interpersonal violence, and group acts of violence. Intentional injuries are underreported in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to analyze and evaluate the characteristics of intentional injuries in patients who presented to the emergency department of a primary trauma center in Medina, Saudi Arabia in 2013. Methods: A prospective cohort database analysis of the clinical patterns and treatment outcomes of 252 patients who had intentional injuries between January and December 2013 was done. Results: The proportion of trauma patients with intentional injuries was 1.3%. The mean age was 34.2±9.4 years, 141 patients (56.0%) were male, and 111 (44.1%) were female (male to female ratio, 1.27:1). The majority (n=159, 63.1%) of injuries occurred at night. Most occurred outside the home (n=180, 71.0%). Financial problems (n=62, 24.6%) and social disputes (n=61, 24.2%) were the most common reasons. Sharp objects (n=93, 36.9%) were the most common weapons used. The head and neck were the most commonly injured areas (n=63, 54.4%). Superficial cuts (n=87, 34.5%), were the most common type of injury. Suturing of wounds (n=54, 21.4%) and surgical debridement (n=47, 18.7%) were the most commonly performed modalities of management. Conclusions: We conclude that intentional injuries in Saudi Arabia are a health care hazard that is, unfortunately, underreported. The clinical pattern is similar in most aspects to international reports but differs in certain features due to the specific religious and conservative characteristics of the community. Nationwide clinical studies are strongly recommended.
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